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High-dimensional one-way quantum processing implemented on d-level cluster states
摘要： Taking advantage of quantum mechanics for executing computational tasks faster than classical computers or performing measurements with precision exceeding the classical limit requires the generation of specific large and complex quantum states. In this context, cluster states are particularly interesting because they can enable the realization of universal quantum computers by means of a ‘one-way’ scheme, where processing is performed through measurements. The generation of cluster states based on sub-systems that have more than two dimensions, d-level cluster states, provides increased quantum resources while keeping the number of parties constant, and also enables novel algorithms. Here, we experimentally realize, characterize and test the noise sensitivity of three-level, four-partite cluster states formed by two photons in the time and frequency domain, confirming genuine multi-partite entanglement with higher noise robustness compared to conventional two-level cluster states. We perform proof-of-concept high-dimensional one-way quantum operations, where the cluster states are transformed into orthogonal, maximally entangled d-level two-partite states by means of projection measurements. Our scalable approach is based on integrated photonic chips and optical fibre communication components, thus achieving new and deterministic functionalities.
关键词： quantum mechanics,entanglement,photonic chips,high-dimensional quantum computation,cluster states
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Vibronic structure and photoelectron angular distribution in the photoelectron spectrum of ICN
摘要： The valence shell photoelectron spectrum of ICN has been simulated using the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method to calculate the ionization energies and the norms of the Dyson orbitals to describe the intensity of the photoelectron bands. The simulated spectrum not only reproduces the position and intensity of the four main bands observed in the experimental photoelectron spectrum, but the vibronic structure present in the individual photoelectron bands is also reproduced to a reasonable extent. The agreement between the experimental and simulated vibronic structures at higher energies corresponding to the ?A and ?B states is particularly noteworthy. Additionally, the photoionization cross section and asymmetry parameter have been calculated for the ionization of four outermost valence molecular orbitals in the photon energy range of 0–50 eV. The computed asymmetry parameters are found to provide a qualitative description of the corresponding experimental measurements. The shape-resonance seen in the experimental asymmetry parameters and the trends seen in the calculated cross section for the four ionization channels have been explained by the partial wave analysis of the contribution of the individual angular momentum channels to the photoelectron.
关键词： ICN,photoelectron spectrum,vibronic structure,equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method,Dyson orbitals,asymmetry parameter,photoionization cross section
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Hierarchical and probabilistic quantum information splitting of an arbitrary two-qubit state via two cluster states
摘要： Based on non-maximally entangled four-particle cluster states, we propose a new hierarchical information splitting protocol to probabilistically realize the quantum state sharing of an arbitrary unknown two-qubit state. In this scheme, the sender transmits the two-qubit secret state to three agents who are divided into two grades with two Bell-state measurements, and broadcasts the measurement results via a classical channel. One agent is in the upper grade and two agents are in the lower grade. The agent in the upper grade only needs to cooperate with one of the other two agents to recover the secret state but both of the agents in the lower grade need help from all of the agents. Every agent who wants to recover the secret state needs to introduce two ancillary qubits and performs a positive operator-valued measurement (POVM) instead of the usual projective measurement. Moreover, due to the symmetry of the cluster state, we extend this protocol to multiparty agents.
关键词： hierarchical quantum information splitting,cluster state,positive operator-valued measurement (POVM)
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Radiation Resistance of (HgSe)3(In2Se3)<Mn>
摘要： We present the results of studies of the effect of electron irradiation on the electrophysical parameters of (HgSe)3(In2Se3)<Mn> crystals, which are semimagnetic semiconductors with stoichiometric vacancies. It is shown that irradiation of (HgSe)3(In2Se3)<Mn> with high-energy electrons (Ee = 10 MeV, dose D = 1016 cm–2) has little effect on the electrophysical and magnetic properties, which indicates their high radiation resistance.
关键词： cluster,magnetic susceptibility,crystal,electrical conductivity
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Same Magic Number but Different Arrangement: Alkynyl-Protected Au25 with D3 Symmetry Jiao-Jiao Li, Zong-Jie Guan, Zhen Lei, Feng Hu, and Quan-Ming Wang*
摘要： We synthesize two homoleptic alkynyl-protected gold clusters Na[Au25(C≡CAr)18] and (Ph4P)[Au25(C≡CAr)18] (Ar = 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) via direct reduction method. 1 is a magic cluster analogous to [Au25(SR)18]- in terms of electron counts and metal-to-ligand ratio. Single crystal structure analysis reveals that 1 has identical Au13 kernel to [Au25(SR)18]-, but adopts distinctly different arrangement of the six peripheral dimer staple motifs. The steric hindrance of alkynyl ligands is responsible for the D3 arrangement of Au25. The introduction of alkynyl also significantly changes the optical absorption features of the nanocluster as supported by DFT calculations. This magic cluster confirms that there is a similar but quite different parallel alkynyl-protected metal cluster universe in comparison to the thiolated one.
关键词： optical properties,gold,alkynyl ligands,cluster compounds,structure determination
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Boosting Ge-Epi P-Well Mobility & Crystal Quality with Si or Sn Implantation and Melt Annealing
摘要： We investigated the effects of Si, Sn and cluster-C implantation into both P-well and N-well doped regions of Ge-epi on Si wafers after laser annealing. XRD analysis shows improved Ge-epi crystallinity after >1.5J/cm2 laser melt annealing (liquid phase epitaxial regrowth) compared to sub-melt annealing (solid phase epitaxial regrowth). For the P-well case the Ge-epi Rs decreased to 1,600?/□ compared to Si at 3,400?/□ suggesting a hole mobility increase of 2.1x from 150cm2/V-s to 315cm2/V-s but actual measured Hall mobility was 650cm2/V-s to a depth of 60nm, an increase of 4.3x. The 1.8J/cm2 laser melt anneal with Si implant improved mobility uniformly to 700cm2/V-s to a depth of 100nm while Sn implant improved mobility to 900cm2/V-s from the Ge-epi surface to a depth of 70nm then increases to 3000cm2/V-s at a depth of 100nm. Measuring mobility depth profiles can be very critical in engineering surface and bulk mobility improvements which can be determined by chemical compositional changes in the Ge-epilayer especially for C where no liquid phase diffusion or movement could be detected.
关键词： P-well,Ge-epi,mobility,cluster-C,N-well,Si,Sn,laser annealing
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Potential of Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Classification of Different Delignificant Pre-Treatments on Banana Rachis
摘要： Delignificant pretreatments are fundamental in lignocellulosic materials preprocessing to remove lignin from biomass. Current wet chemical methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive and use hazardous reagents. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) provides rapid and non-destructive analysis, and has shown promising results. Spectra collection (8000-4000 cm-1), combined with chemometric analysis based on Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis, has allowed to perform qualitative study of banana rachis, a lignocellulosic residue of agricultural production.
关键词： Near infrared spectroscopy,Cluster analysis,Delignification,Pre-treatments,Banana rachis
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Rapid subtyping of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with chemometric analysis
摘要： Vibrio parahaemolyticus which naturally inhabits marine and estuarine environment represents pathogenic strains (virulence genes tdh or trh positive) and non-pathogenic strains (virulence genes negative). In this study, a rapid method for subtyping pathogenic and non-pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus was established using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with chemometric analysis. This method targeted three strains of genotypes of V. parahaemolyticus including tdh positive, trh positive and virulence gene-negative (nonpathogenic) V. parahaemolyticus. The FTIR absorption spectra between 1800 and 900 cm?1 highlighted the most distinctive variations and were the most useful for characterizing the three bacteria. The successful differentiation and identification of the three bacteria could be accomplished in less than 1 h by FTIR using principal component analysis (PCA), or another cluster model of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The method was verified by analyzing spiked V. parahaemolyticus fish samples. Furthermore, all of ten clinical isolates of V. parahaemolyticus were identified as tdh-positive, none of the clinical isolates were trh-positive, and all of ten environmental isolates were identified as non-pathogenic by the subtyping method, which were confirmed by PCR assays. All data demonstrated that the newly established subtyping method by FTIR is practical, time-saving, labor-saving, specific and cost-effective, especially suitable for the basic laboratories of CDC and port quarantine departments to perform suiveillance and epidemiological traceability of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus.
关键词： Pathogenicity,Principal component analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Hierarchical cluster analysis,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Subtype
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Discrimination of molecular thin films by surface-sensitive time-resolved optical spectroscopy
摘要： An optical discrimination technique, tailored to nanometric-sized, low optical absorbance molecular complexes adhering to thin metal films, is proposed and demonstrated. It is based on a time-resolved evanescent-wave detection scheme in conjunction with hierarchical cluster analysis and principal value decomposition. The present approach aims to differentiate among molecular films based on statistical methods, without using previous detailed knowledge of the physical mechanisms responsible for the detected signal. The technique is open to integration in lab-on-a-chip architectures and nanoscopy platforms for applications ranging from medical screening to material diagnostics.
关键词： time-resolved optical spectroscopy,principal value decomposition,optical discrimination technique,hierarchical cluster analysis,molecular thin films
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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FSCOI: A High Fan-out, Scalable, and Cluster-based Optical Interconnect for Data Center Networks
摘要： In this letter, a high fan-out, scalable, and cluster-based optical interconnect (FSCOI) for data center networks is proposed. FSCOI is consisted of an optical switch and clusters. Compared to OSA, the improved fan-out of FSCOI is achieved by two steps. The first is a coupler for sending can multiplex the optical signals from all top-of-rack (ToR) switches that are within a cluster. The second is a wavelength selective switch for receiving can talk to all ToR switches within the cluster. FSCOI is based on cluster, and it is suited to intra-cluster traffic. In addition, the high scalability is achieved by increasing the port usage efficiency of the optical switch. Its performance is evaluated by simulations. Extensive results demonstrate FSCOI has better performance in comparison to OSA.
关键词： cluster,data center networks,scalability,optical interconnect,fan-out
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46