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Study on the adaptability of augmented reality smartglasses for astigmatism based on holographic waveguide grating
摘要： Background Augmented reality (AR) smartglasses are considered as the next generation of smart devices to replace mobile phones, and are widely concerned. But at present, AR smartglasses are usually designed according to the human normal eyes. In order to experience AR smartglasses perfectly, abnormal eye users must first wear diopters. Methods For people with astigmatism to use AR smartglasses without wearing a diopter lens, a cylindrical lens waveguide grating is designed in this study based on the principle of holographic waveguide grating. First, a cylindrical lens waveguide substrate is constructed for external light deflection to satisfy the users' normal viewing of the real world. Further, a variable period grating structure is established based on the cylindrical lens waveguide substrate to normally emit the light from the virtual world in the optical machine to the human eyes. Finally, the structural parameters of grating are optimized to improve the diffraction efficiency. Results The results show that the structure of cylindrical lens waveguide grating allows people with astigmatism to wear AR smartglasses directly. The total light utilization rate reaches 90% with excellent imaging uniformity. The brightness difference is less than 0.92% and the vertical field of view is 10°. Conclusions This research serves as a guide for AR product designs for people with long/short sightedness and promotes the development of such products.
关键词： Astigmatism,Augmented reality smartglasses,Holographic waveguide grating,Cylindrical lens
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Laser surface re-melting of additive manufactured samples with a line focused beam
摘要： The laser polishing mechanism is based on the fusion of a micro layer of material due to the action of the high temperature laser beam. Laser polishing, also known as laser surface remelting, involves melting a thin layer of the substrate, with surface tension causing the material to flow from peaks to valleys. In laser polishing, the material is not removed; rather it is relocated as a molten pool. The laser beam with sufficient energy density is first allowed to quickly fuse a layer on the substrate surface of microscopic thickness. Accordingly, the peaks of the asperities on the substrate surface are fused. Owing to the fluidity of this molten metal, it easily flows into the adjacent valleys of the asperities on the surface. The same molten layer is then allowed to re-solidify so that solidified layer remains adhered to the substrate surface. This, in turn, diminishes the peaks and valleys of the asperities, which ultimately results in a smoother surface. Since surface roughness is one major limitation of additive manufacturing components, so this article makes an attempt to address the roughness of such components. The capability of laser polishing (or laser surface remelting) in reducing surface roughness is explored for various beam power and scan speed. The better set of parameters for this purpose are presented. A final surface roughness in the range of 1.0–1.1 lm is obtained for three different set of parameters. 85% reduction in surface roughness due to laser polishing is also observed.
关键词： Cylindrical lens,Laser polishing,Surface roughness,Additive manufacturing,Laser surface remelting
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Planar‐type concentrating photovoltaics with cylindrical lenses directly integrated with thin flexible GaAs solar cells
摘要： Concentrated photovoltaics allow a reduction of expensive semiconductor materials by collecting incident light through optical elements such as lenses and/or mirrors, which usually require bulky or heavy dual‐axis solar trackers, requiring dedicated installation sites. In this paper, we report a planar‐type concentrating photovoltaics with cylindrical lenses on which flexible GaAs solar cells are directly integrated on the curvilinear surfaces. The planar‐type concentrating system maintains both a focused beam width and angle invariably onto its integrated solar cells throughout the day. Computational and experimental studies at various incident angles prove the benefits of the design. Demonstrations of a custom‐built cylindrical lens solar tracker installed on a rooftop or sidewall of a building prove the feasibility of the proposed concept.
关键词： solar tracker,flexible solar cell,cylindrical lens,concentrator photovoltaics (CPV),GaAs
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22