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[Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing] Modelling and Simulation in Science, Technology and Engineering Mathematics Volume 749 (Proceedings of the International Conference on Modelling and Simulation (MS-17)) || Real Time Periodic Assessment of Retina of Diabetic Patients for Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy
摘要： Increase of diabetic patients in INDIA is in an alarming proportion. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to blindness. Normally this is due to diabetic retinopathy. If it is detected earlier and required treatments are taken, blindness can be avoided. It may affect both the eyes simultaneously. Diabetic retinopathy is affected to 50% of diabetic patients. Diabetic Maculopathy and Diabetic Neuropathy are the common affected diseases in diabetic patients. The possibility of blindness for these types of patients is 25% more. Diabetic retinopathy is of two types: Non-proliferated diabetic retinopathy and Proliferated diabetic retinopathy [1, 2]. Vitreous heamorrhage and retinal detachments are the immediate complications leading to blindness, if proper treatment is not provided at the correct time. If it reaches to the complicated level and loses vision, then it is not possible to revert. Hence diabetic patients who are affected with vision may be monitored periodically to assess the real status of retina. Hence apart from a multi powered disease control approach, it is highly essential to utilize the advance technology enabling the doctors to have regular real time assessment of retinopathy in diabetic patients through telemedicine [3].
关键词： retina,blindness,telemedicine,Diabetic retinopathy,diabetes
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Improvement in infected wound healing in type 1 diabetic rat by the synergistic effect of photobiomodulation therapy and conditioned medium
摘要： We investigated the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and conditioned medium (CM) of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM‐MSC) individually and/or in combination on the stereological parameters and the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF‐1α), and stromal cell–derived factor‐1α (SDF‐1α) in a wound model infected with methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in diabetic rats. CM was provided by culturing hBM‐MSCs. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was induced in 72 rats, divided into four groups, harboring 18 rats each: group 1 served as a control group, group 2 received PBMT, group 3 received CM, and group 4 received CM + PBMT. On days 4, 7, and 15, six animals from each group were euthanized and the skin samples were separated for stereology examination and gene expression analysis by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. In the CM + PBMT, CM, and PBMT groups, significant decreases were induced in the number of neutrophils (1460 ± 93, 1854 ± 138, 1719 ± 248) and macrophages (539 ± 69, 804 ± 63, 912 ± 41), and significant increases in the number of fibroblasts (1073 ± 116, 836 ± 75, 912 ± 41) and angiogenesis (15 230 ± 516, 13 318 ± 1116, 14 041 ± 867), compared with those of the control group (2690 ± 371, 1139 ± 145, 566 ± 90, 12 585 ± 1219). Interestingly, the findings of the stereological examination in the CM + PBMT group were statistically more significant than those in the other groups. In the PBMT group, in most cases, the expression of bFGF, HIF‐1α, and SDF‐1α, on day 4 (27.7 ± 0.14, 28.8 ± 0.52, 27.5 ± 0.54) and day 7 (26.8 ± 1.4, 29.6 ± 1.4, 28.3 ± 1.2) were more significant than those in the control (day 4, 19.3 ± 0.42, 25.5 ± 0.08, 22.6 ± 0.04; day 7, 22.3 ± 0.22, 28.3 ± 0.59, 24.3 ± 0.19) and other treatment groups. The application of PBMT + CM induced anti-inflammatory and angiogenic activities, and hastened wound healing process in a T1 DM model of MRSA infected wound.
关键词： stereology,diabetes mellitus,diabetic foot ulcer,methicillin‐resistant staphylococcal aureus,low‐level laser therapy,phobiomodulation therapy,human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned medium,real‐time PCR,rat
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Features in Open-Angle Glaucoma With Diabetes Mellitus and Inadequate Glycemic Control
摘要： PURPOSE. To evaluate spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features according to glycemic control status in open-angle glaucoma with diabetes mellitus. METHODS. Subjects underwent comprehensive ocular examination, visual ?eld testing, and SD-OCT imaging (Cirrus HD-OCT). The relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and OCT measurements was compared between diabetic nonglaucomatous eyes and diabetic glaucomatous eyes. Glaucoma-discriminating ability was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for OCT parameters and compared between groups relative to the glycemic control group. RESULTS. Analysis was performed on 69 nonglaucomatous and 87 glaucomatous eyes in the nondiabetic group, and on 72 nonglaucomatous and 56 glaucomatous eyes in the diabetic group. Average, inferonasal, inferior, and inferotemporal ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thicknesses were positively correlated with HbA1c in diabetic nonglaucomatous eyes (P ? 0.040, 0.037, 0.025, and 0.013, respectively). The AUC of the average cup-to-disc area ratio (CDR), vertical CDR, and cup volume in diabetic eyes with poor glycemic control was signi?cantly higher than those in nondiabetic eyes (P ? 0.011, 0.003, and 0.043, respectively). The AUC of cube volume, cube average thickness, and minimal GCIPL thickness in diabetic eyes with poor glycemic control was lower than those in nondiabetic eyes (P ? 0.006, 0.007, and 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS. In this study, optic nerve head parameters had a superior ability to discriminate glaucoma in diabetic eyes with poor glycemic control. Conversely, the ability to discriminate glaucoma using macular parameters tended to be lower for diabetic eyes with inadequate glycemic control.
关键词： spectral-domain optical coherence tomography,diabetes mellitus,ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer,glaucoma
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Silicon Carbide Biotechnology || SiC RF Antennas for In Vivo Glucose Monitoring and WiFi Applications
摘要： The American Diabetes Association estimates that nearly 10% of the US population has diabetes and that, by 2050, one in three Americans will have diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease in which the body is unable to produce or properly use insulin, leading to elevated glucose levels in the blood, known as hyperglycemia. A person with frequent or extended episodes of hyperglycemia can suffer from complications in the nervous system, blood vessels, and other organs, as well as heart disease, kidney disease, strokes, vision loss, and amputation [1,2,3]. Therefore, maintaining a healthy glucose level is essential in a person’s life.
关键词： SiC,Biocompatibility,RF Antennas,Glucose Monitoring,WiFi Applications,Diabetes
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Multifocal Pupillography Identifies Changes in Visual Sensitivity According to Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes
摘要： PURPOSE. Retinal light sensitivity loss has been shown to occur prior to other signs of retinopathy and may predict the sight-threatening sequelae. A rapid, objective perimetric test could augment diabetes care. We investigated the clinical use of multifocal pupillographic objective perimetry (mfPOP) to identify patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. METHODS. Retinopathy severity was determined using the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) standard for fundus photography. Pupillary responses were measured from both eyes of 25 adults with none to moderate diabetic retinopathy and 24 age-matched controls, using three mfPOP stimulus variants. Multifocal pupillographic objective perimetry stimulus variants tested 44 regions per eye arranged in a ?ve-ring dartboard layout presented within either the central 308 or 608 of ?xation. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were produced from contraction amplitudes and time to peak responses. RESULTS. Regression analysis revealed that mean amplitude deviations were larger with severity of early retinopathy. On average, the longest delays were measured in patients with no retinopathy. The brightest wide-?eld stimuli produced the highest area under the ROC curve for differentiating eyes with no retinopathy from nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and from healthy eyes (100 6 0.0%, mean 6 SE). The asymmetry in local delay deviations between eyes tended to produce higher sensitivity and speci?city than amplitude deviations. CONCLUSIONS. Asymmetry in local response delays measured by mfPOP may provide useful information regarding the severity of diabetic retinopathy and may have clinical use as a rapid, noninvasive method for identifying functional loss even in the absence of NPDR.
关键词： type 2 diabetes,pupils,objective perimetry,diabetic retinopathy,multifocal
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14