- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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?Lab on a Chip“; Lab on a Chip;
摘要： Background. Miniaturization has not only driven microelectronics and generated new unforeseen options but has also dramatically changed sensors and analytics. Developments. The Lab on a Chip (LOC) technology enables laboratory processes to run fully automated in canals in the micrometre range. The biggest challenge for LOC is to keep production costs low despite miniaturization and application-specific design. If this is achieved medical laboratory analyses can usually be carried out faster and with less hands on time. This explains why LOCs are already integrated into many laboratory instruments and why point-of-care testing (POCT) can no longer be imagined without it. New markers, such as in liquid biopsies and measurement techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy, create further potentials that will enable faster and more specific laboratory analyses to be made using LOC technology. Conclusion. The LOC technology has the potential of changing the medical practice especially in cases when the central laboratory is not available or is unable to provide results fast enough.
关键词： Laboratory diagnostics,Mass spectrometry,Point-of-care testing,Spectrum analysis, Raman,Microfluidics
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Micromachined optical flow cell for sensitive measurement of droplets in tubing
摘要： Here a micromachined flow cell with enhanced optical sensitivity is presented that allows high-throughput analysis of microdroplets. As a droplet flows through multiple concatenated measurement points, the rate of enzymatic reaction in the droplet can be fully characterized without stopping the flow. Since there is no cross-talk between the droplets, the flow cell is capable of continuously measuring biochemical assays in a droplet flow and thus is suitable to be used for continuous point-of-care diagnostics monitoring. This paper describes the design and operation of the device and its validation by application to the accurate and continuous quantification of glucose concentrations using an oxidase enzymatic assay. The flow cell forms an important component in the miniaturization of chemical and bio analyzers into portable or wearable devices.
关键词： Enzymatic assays,Droplet microfluidics,Optical detections,Microfluidics,Real-time monitoring,Continuous measurement,Absorbance,Point-of-care diagnostics
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Fluorescent peptides for imaging of fungal cells
摘要： Fungal infections, especially with the advent of antimicrobial resistance, represent a major burden to our society. As a result, there has been an increasing interest in the development of new probes that accelerate the study of fungi-related biological processes and facilitate novel clinical diagnostic and treatment strategies. Fluorescence-based reporters can provide dynamic information at the molecular level with high spatial resolution. However, conventional fluorescent probes for microbes often suffer from low specificity. In the last decade, numerous studies have been reported on the chemical design and application of fluorescent peptides for both in vitro and in vivo imaging of fungal cells. In this article, we review different strategies used in the preparation of fluorescent peptides for pathogenic fungi as well as some of their applications in medical imaging and in mode-of-action mechanistic studies.
关键词： imaging,fungal cells,antimicrobial resistance,Fluorescent peptides,medical diagnostics
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Simultaneous high speed PIV and CH PLIF using R-branch excitation in the C2Σ+-X2Π (0,0) band
摘要： Simultaneous particle image velocimetry (PIV) and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) utilizing R-branch transitions in the C-X (0,0) band were performed at a 10-kHz repetition-rate in a turbulent premixed flame. The CH lines at 310.690 nm (from the R-branch of the C-X band) used here have greater efficiency than A-X and B-X transitions, which allows for high-framerate imaging with low laser pulse energy. Most importantly, the simultaneous imaging of both CH PLIF and PIV is enabled by the use of a custom edge filter, which blocks scattering at the laser wavelength (below ～311 nm) while efficiently transmitting fluorescence at longer wavelengths. The Hi-Pilot Bunsen burner operated with a turbulent Reynolds number of 7900 was used to demonstrate simultaneous PIV and CH PLIF utilizing this filtered detection scheme. Instances where pockets of products were observed well upstream of the mean flame brush are found to be the result of out-of-plane motion of the flame sheet. Such instances can lead to ambiguous results when interpreting the thickness of reaction layers. However, the temporally resolved nature of the present diagnostics facilitate the identification and proper treatment of such situations. The strategy demonstrated here can yield important information in the study of turbulent flames by providing temporally resolved flame dynamics in terms of flame sheet visualization and velocity fields.
关键词： Laser diagnostics,PLIF,High speed,CH [Methylidyne],Fluorescence
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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The Eye as a Window to Health: Albeit Slow, Research is Progressing on Contact Lenses for Medical Diagnostics
摘要： The idea is a compelling one: a device that looks and feels like an ordinary contact lens but that can continuously monitor a variety of health indicators. For a diabetic, such a lens might update blood glucose levels and, using a built-in flashing LED indicator light, signal when a condition needs attention. Diabetic patients might be saved from the need for repeated finger prick tests and could be monitored for longer periods of time and for a greater variety of parameters at once.
关键词： contact lenses,health monitoring,glucose monitoring,diabetes,medical diagnostics
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A computational tool for simulation and design of tangential multi-energy soft x-ray pin-hole cameras for tokamak plasmas
摘要： A new tool has been developed to calculate the spectral, spatial, and temporal responses of multi-energy soft x-ray (ME-SXR) pinhole cameras for arbitrary plasma densities (ne,D), temperature (Te), and impurity densities (nZ). ME-SXR imaging provides a unique opportunity for obtaining important plasma properties (e.g., Te, nZ, and Z eff) by measuring both continuum and line emission in multiple energy ranges. This technique employs a pixelated x-ray detector in which the lower energy threshold for photon detection can be adjusted independently. Simulations assuming a tangential geometry and DIII-D-like plasmas (e.g., ne,0 ≈ 8 × 1019 m?3 and T e,0 ≈ 2.8 keV) for various impurity (e.g., C, O, Ar, Ni, and Mo) density pro?les have been performed. The computed brightnesses range from few 102 counts pixel?1 ms?1 depending on the cut-off energy thresholds, while the maximum allowable count rate is 104 counts pixel?1 ms?1. The typical spatial resolution in the mid-plane is ≈0.5 cm with a photon-energy resolution of 500 eV at a 500 Hz frame rate.
关键词： tokamak plasmas,multi-energy soft x-ray,plasma diagnostics,pinhole cameras,x-ray spectra
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Twisted beam shaping by plasma photonic crystal
摘要： In this paper, we investigate the strong modification and reshaping of the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam using a tailored magnetized plasma photonic crystal (PPC), based on the angular spectrum expansion and 4 × 4 matrix method. It is numerically shown that by manipulating both external magnetic field and plasma number density, the reflected and transmitted beam shape is perfectly controlled. In addition, to show the domain role of magnetized PPC birefringence in the shaping of the twisted beam (TB), vertical incidence and oblique incidence of the LG beam are analyzed. We believe that these results open the door to use PPC structures in modulating the shape of a reference TB for new optical traps. Meanwhile, this study gives a new insight into the diagnostic of plasma systems using analyses of TB shapes.
关键词： plasma photonic crystal,optical traps,Laguerre-Gaussian beam,plasma diagnostics,twisted beam
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Optical diagnostics of helium recombining plasmas with collisional radiative model
摘要： Optical diagnostics for plasmas has many advantages that allow for the determination and understanding of plasma parameters. A method employing the line intensity ratio (LIR), combined with the collisional-radiative (CR) model considering the radiation trapping effect (RTE), was developed to analyze the recombining helium plasmas. The recombining plasma component and the ionizing plasma components in the He CR-model were evaluated, and the RTEs for from the ground state to n1P states were analyzed. The electron temperature and density of the helium recombining plasmas were determined using seven LIRs with the He CR-model, considering the RTEs of 11S–31P, 11S–41P, and 11S–51P. When the He gas pressure was above 100 mTorr, the electron temperature was less than 0.8 eV and the electron density was more than 1012 cm?3. The determined plasma parameters were compared with those obtained by the continuum method and in reasonable agreement with those by the continuum method.
关键词： helium recombining plasmas,optical diagnostics,collisional radiative model,radiation trapping effect,line intensity ratio
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz2018) - Nagoya, Japan (2018.9.9-2018.9.14)] 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) - Far Infrared and THz Detectors: Principles of Operation and Figures of Merit
摘要： In this paper we discuss characteristics of detectors and their experimental applications in the Far Infared (FIR) and lower THz spectral range: 50-3000 GHz (6mm-100 μm), with special attention to Plasma Diagnostics, THz-TDS and Free Electron Lasers (FEL). The International System of Units (SI) will be used throughout.
关键词： THz-TDS,Far Infrared,THz Detectors,Plasma Diagnostics,Free Electron Lasers
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Noninvasive diagnostic imaging using machine-learning analysis of nanoresolution images of cell surfaces: Detection of bladder cancer
摘要： We report an approach in diagnostic imaging based on nanoscale-resolution scanning of surfaces of cells collected from body fluids using a recent modality of atomic force microscopy (AFM), subresonance tapping, and machine-leaning analysis. The surface parameters, which are typically used in engineering to describe surfaces, are used to classify cells. The method is applied to the detection of bladder cancer, which is one of the most common human malignancies and the most expensive cancer to treat. The frequent visual examinations of bladder (cytoscopy) required for follow-up are not only uncomfortable for the patient but a serious cost for the health care system. Our method addresses an unmet need in noninvasive and accurate detection of bladder cancer, which may eliminate unnecessary and expensive cystoscopies. The method, which evaluates cells collected from urine, shows 94% diagnostic accuracy when examining five cells per patient’s urine sample. It is a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.05) in diagnostic accuracy compared with the currently used clinical standard, cystoscopy, as verified on 43 control and 25 bladder cancer patients.
关键词： diagnostic imaging,cancer diagnostics,atomic force microscopy,machine learning,noninvasive methods
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46