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Economic and environmental assessment of reusing electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries for load leveling in the residential, industrial and photovoltaic power plants sectors
摘要： Reaching 70–80% of primary capacity, lithium-ion batteries must be replaced in electric vehicles. However, they could be reused in other applications such as energy storage stations. In this paper, an economic evaluation of reusage of lithium-ion packs for load leveling in the residential, industrial and photovoltaic power plants sectors have been investigated from subscriber and government aspects. Several repurposed electric vehicle battery packs have been taking into account for different tariffs and scenarios. It is found that utilization of battery can reduce electricity bill for residential consumers by 14.25% based on the current electricity market and 39.75% if the fine of the peak time consumption is tripled. However, the current subsidy rate in the electricity tariffs is the main barrier in terms of the payback period for homeowners. Moreover, it is found that decrease in the battery prices by 2035 as the only factor will not justify usage of repurposed battery in residential sector, furthermore, tariffs must also be regulated. Sensitivity analysis declared that a 20% reduction in the price of battery in residential sector, affects the internal rate of return by 164%. Meanwhile, increasing in the on-peak tariff can fluctuate it by 44%. Reusing electric vehicle batteries could be more profitable in the industrial sector due to the realistic tariff. In addition to the operation cost, government saving is analyzed from the initial cost aspect. Results illustrated that utilization of repurposed battery packs can reduce construction costs of new on-peak thermal power plants by 72.5% and 82% in the residential and industrial sectors, respectively. Finally, the effect of using repurposed lithium-ion battery packs on the emission rates of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants are surveyed. The reused batteries can be employed to achieve sustainable development.
关键词： Load leveling,Secondary use,Lithium-ion battery,Environmental analysis,Electric vehicle,Economic analysis
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Technical and Economic Optimal Solutions for Utility-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Parks
摘要： Solar energy has shown to be a successful renewable source, wherefore large investments are planned in the upcoming decades. This work aims at developing technical and economical solutions to optimize a utility‐scale grid connected solar photovoltaic park with an installed capacity of 24 MWp. Several successive simulations were automatically performed with the PVSyst software, so that each influencing parameter is individually analyzed. Moreover, a comprehensive study touching relevant aspects, such as central versus string inverters, landscape versus portrait dispositions, the optimal tilt angle (for fixed tilt systems), backtracking strategy (for single axis tracking systems), shading limit angle, and pitch is performed with the objective of finding the configuration leading to the higher grid injected energy output. The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) was obtained for 12 different cases in which, for both fixed tilt and single‐axis tracking (SAT), central and string inverters and portrait/landscape disposition were considered. The lowest LCOE achieved was 32.23 €/MWh, which is a clear indication of the competitiveness of the solar Photovoltaic (PV) technology. The most economic viable solution is characterized by the employment of an SAT system with the backtracking strategy, together with string inverters and module portrait disposition.
关键词： string inverters,levelized cost of energy (LCOE),optimization,design parameters,economic analysis,utility‐scale solar PV park
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems - Santiago, Chile (26–29 September 2017)] - Techno-economic optimization of molten salt solar tower plants
摘要： In this paper the results of a techno-economic analysis of improved and optimized molten salt solar tower plants (MSSTP plants) are presented. The potential improvements that were analyzed include different receiver designs, different designs of the HTF-system and plant control, increased molten salt temperatures (up to 640°C) and multi-tower systems. Detailed technological and economic models of the solar field, solar receiver and high temperature fluid system (HTF-system) were developed and used to find potential improvements compared to a reference plant based on Solar Two technology and up-to-date cost estimations. The annual yield model calculates the annual outputs and the LCOE of all variants. An improved external tubular receiver and improved HTF-system achieves a significant decrease of LCOE compared to the reference. This is caused by lower receiver cost as well as improvements of the HTF-system and plant operation strategy, significantly reducing the plant own consumption. A novel star receiver shows potential for further cost decrease. The cavity receiver concepts result in higher LCOE due to their high investment cost, despite achieving higher efficiencies. Increased molten salt temperatures seem possible with an adapted, closed loop HTF-system and achieve comparable results to the original improved system (with 565°C) under the given boundary conditions. In this analysis all multi tower systems show lower economic viability compared to single tower systems, caused by high additional cost for piping connections and higher cost of the receivers.
关键词： receiver designs,HTF-system,molten salt solar tower plants,plant control,techno-economic analysis,increased molten salt temperatures,multi-tower systems
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Economic decision-making tool for distributed solar photovoltaic panels and storage: The case of Chile
摘要： The benefits of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and storage have been widely reported in the literature. However, the economic impact on the electricity bill due to its implementation is generally unknown by the distribution customers. In this work, we develop an economic decision-making tool for the case of Chile. This tool is based on an easy-to-implement algorithm, which computes the number of solar PV panels and batteries that maximize the economic return in a given time horizon subject to several technical constraints. To illustrative the usefulness of our tool, a personal computer implementation and a numerical example are considered. The obtained results compute the economic benefit in net present value of the best alternative solar PV panels and batteries in an execution time less than 30 seconds.
关键词： Distributed solar photovoltaic panels and storage,Economic analysis,Economic decision-making tool
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Performance evaluation and economical analysis of three photovoltaic systems installed in an institutional building in Errachidia, Morocco
摘要： A study was conducted in order to evaluate the performance and the Economic analysis of three photovoltaic system connected to the grid (5.94 kWp) in Errachidia city in Morocco. Several parameters of the PV systems design were evaluated such as: the total energy generated, final yield, reference yield, performance ratio, capacity factor and monthly system efficiency. The economic input of the three systems was determined based on economic return of electricity generation. The highest values in terms of daily final yield (YF = 5.26 h/day), performance ratio (PR = 82 %), capacity factor (CF = 21.93 %), levelized cost of electricity (LCOE = 0.068 €/kWh) and payback time (PB = 12), were recorded by pc-Si solar module. Therefore, this PV system technology could be recommended in the future research projects in Morocco.
关键词： economic analysis,final yield,capacity factor,photovoltaic,performance ratio,grid connected,LCOE
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Determining the size of energy storage system to maximize the economic profit for photovoltaic and wind turbine generators in South Korea
摘要： This study identifies the optimal size of an Energy Storage System (ESS) for Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind Turbine (WT) generators under current Korean government policies. The government has pledged to promote the use of ESS with PV and WT generation to reduce the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy generation. The proposed algorithm determines the optimal ESS size required for PV and WT suppliers to maximize economic profit by using their historical generation profiles and compensation price. Net Present Value (NPV) is used as an economic parameter to determine the optimal size of ESS and consequently, the optimization indicates the maximization of NPV in this study. Furthermore, this paper proposes a methodology to estimate the size of ESS when there is insufficient information for future PV and WT suppliers. To verify the proposed algorithms, actual PV and WT generation profiles as well as the compensation price in South Korea are used. The simulation results indicate that the optimal capacity ratio between Renewable Energy Source (RES), ESS battery, and ESS PCS is determined as 1:3.3:0.7 and 1:3:1 for PV and WT respectively. Furthermore, the ESS size estimated by the proposed methodology shows a marginal difference from the optimal size, with an error of less than 3% for PV and 0% for WT.
关键词： Wind Turbine (WT),Photovoltaic (PV),Economic analysis,ESS sizing,Estimation model,Energy storage system (ESS)
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Solar Photovoltaic Panels Combined with Energy Storage in a Residential Building: An Economic Analysis
摘要： Renewable energy is a wide topic in environmental engineering and management science. Photovoltaic (PV) power has had great interest and growth in recent years. The energy produced by the PV system is intermittent and it depends on the weather conditions, presenting lower levels of production than other renewable resources (RESs). The economic feasibility of PV systems is linked typically to the share of self-consumption in a developed market and consequently, energy storage system (ESS) can be a solution to increase this share. This paper proposes an economic feasibility of residential lead-acid ESS combined with PV panels and the assumptions at which these systems become economically viable. The profitability analysis is conducted on the base of the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) method and the index used is Net Present Value (NPV). The analysis evaluates several scenarios concerning a 3-kW plant located in a residential building in a PV developed market (Italy). It is determined by combinations of the following critical variables: levels of insolation, electricity purchase prices, electricity sales prices, investment costs of PV systems, specific tax deduction of PV systems, size of batteries, investment costs of ESS, lifetime of a battery, increases of self-consumption following the adoption of an ESS, and subsidies of ESS. Results show that the increase of the share of self-consumption is the main critical variable and consequently, the break-even point (BEP) analysis defines the case-studies in which the profitability is verified.
关键词： sensitivity analysis,photovoltaic,self-consumption,storage,economic analysis
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Performance evaluation of different photovoltaic technologies in the region of Ifrane, Morocco
摘要： This study aims at analyzing and comparing several indices that evaluate the performance of different grid connected photovoltaic technologies, namely amorphous silicon (a-Si), Polycrystalline silicon (pc-Si), and Monocrystalline silicon (mc-Si) generating around 2 kWp each and set up a forecast studies for future perspectives. These technologies are connected to a low voltage (400 V) three phase electrical grid of Al Akhawayn University (33° North, 5° West) facing south on a flat surface, 32° tilted with zero azimuth, and without including any tracking system. This work is done within the framework of Propre.ma project aiming at establishing a photovoltaic yield maps throughout Morocco. The experimental and theoretical horizontal irradiances of Ifrane's region, simulated with the Davies and Hay model on the MATLAB's software, are compared in the following study. Besides, the evaluation of different technologies is based on the (annual/monthly/daily) AC energy output, the performance ratio, the system efficiency, and the capacity factor that are calculated and measured from data gathered between October 2014 and the end of 2018. An economic analysis was carried out in order to define the levelized cost of electricity of the three technologies. Eventually, the obtained results confirm that the polycrystalline technology is the most cost-effective technology for the region of Ifrane.
关键词： Photovoltaic,Polycrystalline,Performance evaluation,Economic analysis,Amorphous,Monocrystalline
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Thermal and Electrical Modelling of a CPV/T System Varying Its Configuration
摘要： In this paper, the main aim is the performances modelling from the electrical and thermal point of view of a concentrating photovoltaic and thermal (CPV/T) system in order to evaluate the primary energy and economic savings respect to a traditional system, when the same energy loads are satisfied. This study is realized by both varying the CPV/T system configuration and considering two different users. In particular, the point-focus (PF), and linear focus (LF) configurations of the CPV/T system are considered in order to match the residential user and hotel energy loads. The CPV/T system is sized adopting as input data: the Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) modelled by an artificial neural network and the users’ energy demands. In these hypotheses, the performances of the PF and LF systems are evaluated and then compared for the two users located in Southern Italy, in terms of electrical and thermal energy production, cells number, space occupied, energy and economic savings and CO2 emissions avoided. Finally, the PF system shows a lower simple pay-back and a higher primary energy saving, while the space occupied by a LF system results to be lower respect to the PF configuration.
关键词： thermal analysis,economic analysis,primary energy saving,point-focus configuration,electrical analysis,linear focus configuration,CPV/T system
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe) - Palermo, Italy (2018.6.12-2018.6.15)] 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe) - Assessment of PV Plant Monitoring System by Means of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) plant monitoring is recently representing an important field in the energy market, due to the large diffusion of PV plants, often built with low technical standards in the past decade and lack of accuracy in O&M activities after the first 5-year life of the plant. In this paper, the authors proposed an expert system that, based on the image integration obtained by means of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), is able to identify some defects in PV modules and to analyze from an economical point the impact of these defects.
关键词： economic analysis,PV monitoring,UAV
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36