- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Coherent TiO <sub/>2</sub> /BaTiO <sub/>3</sub> heterostructure as a functional reservoir and promoter for polysulfide intermediates
摘要： Promoting biodiesel industrialization is not only an important measure in addressing the energy crisis and global warming but is also a driver for industrial restructuring and rural development. To promote the development of the biofuel industry, the Chinese central government has set a target that biofuel will account for 15% of transport energy consumption by 2020. The macroeconomic impacts of this policy, however, are unknown. This paper estimates the economic and environmental impacts on Yunnan of meeting this target using a demand-driven input–output model for Jatropha curcas L. biodiesel. The study combines life-cycle analysis and input–output analysis to establish the industrial relationship of the biodiesel sector with other sectors. The results show that meeting the biofuel policy target in 2020 will generate 296,780 thousand job opportunities annually (man-year) and increase household income. Meeting this target will also lower carbon emission by 11.39 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent, valued at 2.41 billion Yuan. However, meeting the target will decrease tax revenue by 1.8 billion Yuan and reduce the provincial gross domestic product by 754.95 million Yuan. Thus, the industrialization of J. curcas L. biodiesel can contribute to the development of a green economy and is a positive response to the policies of energy conservation and emission reduction. The promotion of biodiesel production, however, requires a trade-off between economic and environmental targets.
关键词： carbon emission reduction,economic impact,input–output analysis,Jatropha biodiesel,life-cycle analysis
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
-
Economic Impact of Substituting Solar Photovoltaic Electric Production for Tobacco Farming
摘要： Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology represents a promising method to prevent dangerous global climate change, however full solar penetration demands substantial surface areas, possibly encroaching on arable land. To avoid repeating the mistakes of previous attempts to convert agricultural land to energy, arable land currently used for crops with known health hazards can be considered for conversion. Tobacco is the leading cause of avoidable death globally, and despite increasingly stringent controls on tobacco, economics provides an incentive to continue tobacco production. However, with the economics of PV ever improving, this study investigates the potential economic benefits of photovoltaic conversion of farms during tobacco's decline. This study analyzes key factors influencing conventional tobacco farming economics in the U.S. over a sensitivity of realistic future values. Then tobacco crop profit is compared to a sensitivity analysis covering the profits of solar PV farming on the same land. The results show that considering existing electric prices, escalation rates, and installed costs, PV farm substitution for tobacco farming makes economic sense in many U.S. cases already. In a case study of North Carolina, 30GW of PV power capacity was found to be economically viable on existing tobacco farms and if conversion took place over 2,000 premature deaths could be prevented from pollution reduction alone. This meets the State's peak summer loads. Land use policies are discussed to facilitate such land use conversions for the benefit of the economy, the environment and human health.
关键词： farming,solar photovoltaic,agriculture,tobacco,economic impact
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
-
Regional economic and environmental impacts of renewable energy developments: Solar PV in the Aachen Region
摘要： The energy transition is a challenge that affects regions on various scales. This paper presents the economic chances of deploying the renewable energy technology solar photovoltaic in a German region. Total regional economic effects of 280 PV plants, installed in 2014 with a cumulative capacity of 3.7 MW, lead to a regional value added of approximately €3.8 million (€1019/kW installed, €57/MWh electricity generated) and employment effects of 42 full-time person years (11 person years/MW installed), occurring from 2014 to 2034. The avoided greenhouse gas emissions of these plants are 2365 tons CO2 equivalents per year (0.7 kgCO2-eq/kWh generated) and the avoided air pollution is 0.97 tSO2 per year, 1.48 tNOx per year, and 0.07 t NMVOCs per year in 2014. The total economic effects of regional value added, avoided CO2 emissions, and avoided air pollution per year in 2014 range from €0.8 million - €1 million or (€208–€277 per kW installed, €231–€307 per MWh electricity generated).
关键词： Economic impact assessment,Regional economic impact assessment,Greenhouse gas emissions,Renewable energies,Solar PV,Air pollutants
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
[IEEE 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Bucharest (2018.7.1-2018.7.5)] 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - The Social-Economic Impact of Fiber Broadband: A Hype or a Reality?
摘要： The social-economic impact of broadband has been studied extensively. The consensus is that basic broadband (from none or upgraded from 256 kbps to the order of 2 – 6 Mbps) indeed has positive impact on economic growth and performance in terms of e.g. GDP and employment. Nevertheless, studies on the social-economic impact of high-speed broadband access (20-30 Mbps and beyond) are far more controversial showing a mixed picture. In this paper, we investigated fiber broadband access impact on the employment rate, population evolution, reduced driving distance per capita and new company registrations at the municipality level in Sweden using multiple regression analysis. Based on the availability of historical fiber network deployment data, analyses can be carried out by regressing current values of social-economic indicators under study on the fiber penetration levels 4 years earlier, hence reverse causality in the regression analyses can be tackled effectively. Our results show that, given all the other significant factors remain the same and with at least 90% confidence interval, 10% increase of fiber broadband penetration would result in 0.17% population increase, 0.32% employment rate enhancement, 28.7 km reduced driving distance per capita per year, and one new company among 17857 inhabitants.
关键词： social-economic impact,causality,social-economic indicators,multiple regression analysis,municipality,fiber broadband penetration
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46