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Efficiency Limits of Underwater Solar Cells
摘要： Operation of underwater vehicles and autonomous systems is currently limited by the lack of long-lasting power sources. These systems could potentially be powered using underwater solar cells, but the material requirements to achieve their full potential are not well understood. Using detailed-balance calculations, we show that underwater solar cells can exhibit efficiencies from ~55% in shallow waters to more than 65% in deep waters, while maintaining a power density >5 mW cm?2. We show that the optimum band gap of the solar cell shifts by ~0.6 eV between shallow and deep waters and plateaus at ~2.1 eV at intermediate depths, independent of geographical location. This wide range in optimum band-gap energies opens the potential for a library of wide-band-gap semiconductors to be used for high-efficiency underwater solar cells. Our results provide a roadmap for proper choice of underwater solar cell materials, given the conditions at points of use.
关键词： wide-band-gap semiconductors,detailed-balance calculations,efficiency limits,power density,underwater solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Photon Management in Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Metal-halide perovskites as absorber materials for solar cells have captured the attention of an increasing number of scientists over the last years. As is common for most photovoltaic technologies, early stages of solar cell development were dedicated to understanding and tuning the properties of materials and interfaces in the perovskite-based solar cells to ensure efficient charge separation and suppress unwanted recombination channels. However, when photovoltaic technologies become more mature, the design of optical properties of materials, interfaces, and complete device stacks becomes increasingly important in order to come even closer to the efficiency limits dictated by thermodynamics. This Viewpoint is dedicated to briefly discuss how photons can be absorbed more efficiently, be reused, be distributed between different cells in tandem devices, and finally be used as a means to characterize the electronic properties of materials and interfaces. More detailed discussions of these topics can then be found in a series of Perspective articles on topics related to the optical properties and the optical design of perovskite-based solar cells that are introduced in this Viewpoint.
关键词： optical design,photovoltaic technologies,perovskite solar cells,efficiency limits,photon management
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04