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[IEEE 2018 International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) - Ottawa, ON, Canada (2018.8.7-2018.8.9)] 2018 International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) - Optimizing the Electrical Conductivity of Screen Printed Silver Conductive Tracks by Post Treatment
摘要： Screen printed silver conductive tracks have been used or are being explored for applications in membrane switches, solar cells, radio frequency identification (RFID) antennas, diabetic testing strips, sensors etc. For many of these applications, optimizing the electric conductivity of the printed tracks is crucial. It has been noticed that the electric conductivity of the printed conductive tracks are highly dependent on the post-processing conditions. However, the understanding of the effect is limited. In this paper, preliminary study results show that ambient temperature drying followed by heat treatment offers the lowest resistance (highest conductance) for printed conductive tracks.
关键词： Electrical Conductivity,Printed Conductive Tracks,Post Thermal Treatment,Curing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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An In-Depth Study on Electrical and Hydrogen Sensing Characteristics of ZnO Thin Film with Radio Frequency Sputtered Gold Schottky Contacts
摘要： Electrical and hydrogen sensing characteristics of radio frequency sputtered Au/ZnO thin film Schottky diodes on n-silicon substrate have been investigated over a wide temperature range. Current-voltage characterizations of the device in the temperature range of 25°C to 200°C confirm its excellent rectifying property with forward to reverse current ratio of 1610 at an external bias of 5 V. Ideality factor in the range of 4.12 to 2.98 is obtained for Au/ZnO Schottky diode in the aforementioned temperature range, at atmospheric conditions. On exposing diode to hydrogen, a reduction in ideality factor is observed which makes thermionic emission more prominent. The proposed device has proven to be hydrogen sensitive, on account of the lateral shift observed in I ? V characteristics at different hydrogen concentrations (50 ppm-1000 ppm). Maximum barrier height variation of 99 meV and sensitivity of 144% have been observed at 1000 ppm hydrogen at 200°C. A Detailed perusal of the steady-state reaction kinetics of the sensor using I ? V characteristics affirmed that the atomistic hydrogen adsorption at Au/ZnO interface is accountable for the barrier height modulation. The studied sensor depicts remarkable performance for high-temperature detection.
关键词： Hydrogen sensing,Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film,Electrical characteristics,Schottky diode,Metal-semiconductor interface,Palladium catalyst
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Paris (2018.7.8-2018.7.13)] 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Conceptual Consequences of the SI
摘要： The SI and its forerunners were largely developed in response to the confusion of multiple electromagnetic unit systems at the start of the 20th century. More than 100 years later, the success of the SI is evidenced by its almost universal acceptance. The adoption of the ampere as the fourth base unit has proved to be a beneficial way of simplifying electromagnetic units. However, an unintended consequence of adopting this system has been the development of several misconceptions regarding the physics of electromagnetic quantities. The anticipated educational activities associated with the upcoming SI redefinition offer an ideal opportunity to resolve this concern.
关键词： CGS,Permeability of Free Space,SI,Ampere,Magnetic Constant,Electrical Units
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Mechanically Enhanced Electrical Conductivity of Polydimethylsiloxane-Based Composites by a Hot Embossing Process
摘要： Electrically conductive polymer composites are in high demand for modern technologies, however, the intrinsic brittleness of conducting conjugated polymers and the moderate electrical conductivity of engineering polymer/carbon composites have highly constrained their applications. In this work, super high electrical conductive polymer composites were produced by a novel hot embossing design. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites containing short carbon fiber (SCF) exhibited an electrical percolation threshold at 0.45 wt % and reached a saturated electrical conductivity of 49 S/m at 8 wt % of SCF. When reducing the sample thickness from 1.0 to 0.1 mm by the hot embossing process, a compression-induced percolation threshold occurred at 0.3 wt %, while the electrical conductivity was further enhanced to 378 S/m at 8 wt % SCF. Furthermore, the addition of a second nanofiller of 1 wt %, such as carbon nanotube or conducting carbon black, further increased the electrical conductivity of the PDMS/SCF (8 wt %) composites to 909 S/m and 657 S/m, respectively. The synergy of the densified conducting filler network by the mechanical compression and the hierarchical micro-/nano-scale filler approach has realized super high electrically conductive, yet mechanically flexible, polymer composites for modern flexible electronics applications.
关键词： compression-induced percolation threshold,synergy,electrical conducting network,hybrid filler,forced assembly
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Electrical Transport Properties of Thin Film Composed of a-ZnO Nanorods
摘要： Background: Due to its wide band gap, high exciton binding energy and high breakdown strength, the nanostructures of ZnO may find applications for electronic, photonic devices, and high-frequency applications. Objective: The aim of the present work is to study electrical transport of thin film composed of a-ZnO nanorods. Method: Physical vapour condensation method was employed to fabricate the nanorods of ZnO. The morphology of these nanorods was investigated with the help of scanning electron microscope. X-ray diffraction pattern of as-prepared thin film was recorded using X-ray diffractometer. For dc conductivity measurements, four-probe method was used. Result: The as-prepared ZnO nanorods have diameter ranging from 10-20 nm and the length is of order of few hundred nanometers. XRD pattern of film composed of ZnO nanorods suggests the amorphous nature. Temperature dependence of dc conductivity has been studied over the temperature range of (297- 4.2K). For the temperature range of 297-120K, Mott’s three dimensional variable range hopping (VRH) is applied to explain the electrical conduction. For lower temperature range (120 - 4.2K), 2D-variable-range hopping in localized states near the Fermi level may be responsible for the transport of carriers. Conclusion: Variable range hopping mechanism (VRH) has been suggested for the entire temperature range (298-4.2K) on the basis of temperature dependence of dc conductivity data, which changes from 3D to 2D on moving to lower temperatures side (below 125K).
关键词： physical vapour condensation technique,variable range hopping,XRD,ZnO nanorods,SEM,Mott’s parameters,electrical conduction mechanism
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Research on Micro-Size Electrical Discharge Machining Polycrystalline Diamond
摘要： With the demand of modern cutting technology for ‘high efficiency, precise, flexibility and green manufacturing’, polycrystalline diamond materials as cutting tools have been widely used in automobile, aerospace and non-metal processing. Electro-spark erosion is one of the most effective ways to machine polycrystalline diamond materials. Single pulse discharge is one of the research foundations of micro-EDM. Using 2 micron granularity polycrystalline diamond as experiment material, the influence of single pulse discharge technology on the removal efficiency of materials was studied, such as pit radius, pit depth and radius-depth ratio, etc. The experimental results show that, with the extension of the pulse duration, the radius of the discharge pit begins to increase rapidly, then slowly increases, and finally to slow down; while the radius of thermal influence zone increases rapidly and then continues to increase slowly. With the extension of pulse duration, the ratio of pit depth to radius changes within the range of 0.05 ~ 0.25, which shows a downward trend basically.
关键词： Single pulse,Micro-size,Polycrystalline diamond (PCD),Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM),Corrosion pit size
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Microstructural interpretation of charge transport dynamics of chemically derived ZnCo2O4 under mechanical milling
摘要： In this work, milling effect on chemically synthesized nanocrystalline Zinc Cobaltite (ZnCo2O4) has been investigated and we report how the structural and electrical properties vary with the milling span. Phase pure ZnCo2O4 has been successfully synthesized via simple and cost-effective co-precipitation method and then it has been milled for one, four and eight hours respectively. XRD confirms formation of single phase cubic structure for both milled and unmilled nano-powders. Different microstructural parameters has been estimated from Rietveld analysis, which shows particle size reduction from ~29.64 nm for unmilled sample to ~18.13 nm for eight hour milled sample. TGA-DSC curve of as prepared sample shows good temperature stability that helps to estimate the appropriate sintering temperature for the samples. TEM analysis also gives values of grain size in agreement with Reitveld analysis. Frequency dependent ac conductivity curve obeys universal Jonscher power law and temperature dependence of frequency exponent is explained by small polaron transaction. Comparable activation energies from hopping mechanism and relaxation process indicates similar transport mechanism. Superimposed scaling spectra obeys TTSP principle. AC conductivity increases with frequency as a result of hopping of the charge carriers. Smaller particles with reduced strain gives enhanced conductivity as well as enhanced value of hopping frequency. This further suggests creation of excess charge carriers in milled samples. Cole-Cole plot shows non-Debye type behavior of the samples. The dielectric loss factor increases with lowering of particle size since smaller grains contributes to faster charge conduction.
关键词： TGA-DSC,Mechanical milling,Electrical characterisation,dielectric loss factor,Microstructure
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST) - Krakow, Poland (2018.10.16-2018.10.18)] 2018 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST) - Compensation for fringe effect of electrical resistance tomography sensor by multiple-plane sensor scheme
摘要： Fringe effect exists in conventional ERT sensors, i.e. severe distortions of electric field on both ends of sensor electrodes. This leads to a 3D sensing region for a 2D ERT sensor. As a result, the objects outside the ERT sensor plane can still be sensed and imaged, which is undesired and deteriorates the image accuracy. To tackle with this issue, a three-plane ERT sensor scheme is proposed. Simulation results show that the three-plane sensor scheme can compensate for the fringe effect induced by the object outside the measurement sensor plane regarding a distribution with three non-conductive bars at different cross-sectional and axial positions. Meanwhile, it is found that for axially uniform distributions, the proposed compensation method can reduce the size overestimation of non-conductive objects to be imaged by linear reconstruction method such as the Landweber iteration. Finally, an experimental ERT system is established to verify the findings from simulation.
关键词： Electrical resistance tomography,Fringe effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Electrical and optical responses of composite films based on N,N-dimethylamino-4′-N′-methylstilbazolium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate (DSTMS)-graphene
摘要： N,N-dimethylamino-4′-N′-methylstilbazolium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate (DSTMS)-graphene ex-situ and in-situ composite films with 2% concentration of graphene were first prepared and systematically investigated. The crystallinity of DSTMS-based composite films were confirmed by XRD analysis, and the functional groups of composite films can be obtained by FT-IR. Optical absorptions were recorded using UV–Vis-NIR spectral analysis, and the band gap and extinction coefficient of the films were calculated. The thermal stability of the composite films were analyzed by TG/DSC. The pressure sensitive resistance test showed that the pressure sensitive signal of the composite films were significantly increased after graphene added, while the signal of DSTMS film eventually disappears. This work expands the application of organic nonlinear crystal DSTMS in optics and electricity by doping graphene.
关键词： DSTMS,electrical properties,graphene,composite films,optical properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Optical and electrical properties of thermally evaporated Se90Sb10 thin film
摘要： Chalcogenide Se90Sb10 thin ?lms are deposited by thermal evaporation from the bulk alloy. X-ray di?raction examination for the annealed ?lms shows the amorphous-crystalline transformation. This is bene?cial for optical disk data storage technology. The crystallinity is improved by increasing the annealing temperature. The ?lms annealed at relatively low temperatures exhibit highly transparence reaching to about 90% at incident light of wavelength of 900 nm. The as-prepared and annealed Se90Sb10 ?lms reveal an indirect allowed optical transition. The annealed ?lm at 473 K has an optical band gap of 1.676 eV which is suitable value for solar cell as photovoltaic application. Both the indirect optical energy band gap (Eg) and the oscillator energy (Eo) decrease whereas the oscillator strength (Ed) increases with increasing the annealing temperature. The annealing increases the conductivity and decreases the activation energy for conduction resulting in enhancement of ?lm properties for adapting to solar cells.
关键词： Electrical conductivity,Chalcogenide,Optical constants,Thin ?lms
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21