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Rephasing efficiency of sequences of phased pulses in spin-echo and light-storage experiments
摘要： We investigate the rephasing efficiency of sequences of phased pulses for spin echoes and light storage by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We derive a simple theoretical model and show that the rephasing efficiency is very sensitive to the phases of the imperfect rephasing pulses. The obtained efficiency differs substantially for spin echoes and EIT light storage, which is due to the spatially retarded coherence phases after EIT light storage. Similar behavior is also expected for other light-storage protocols with spatial retardation or for rephasing of collective quantum states with an unknown or undefined phase, e.g., as relevant in single-photon storage. We confirm the predictions of our theoretical model by experiments in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal.
关键词： phased pulses,rephasing efficiency,electromagnetically induced transparency,light storage,EIT,spin echoes,Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Pulse delay and group velocity dispersion measurement in V-type electromagnetically induced transparency of hot <sup>85</sup>Rb atom
摘要： Pulse delay with the group velocity dispersion (GVD) characteristics was studied in the V-system configuration. The phase coherency between the pump and the probe laser beams was maintained. We studied the pulse delay and the GVD characteristics with the variation of the type electromagnetically induced transparency in the hyperfine levels of 85Rb atoms with a closed electromagnetically induced transparency of hot 85Rb atom. For a better understanding of the experimental results, we have derived an analytical solution for the three level V-type system. The theoretical plots of the delay and the group velocity dispersion show the same characteristics as we observed in the experiment. This analytical approach can be further generalized for the higher level schemes to calculate different quantities such as susceptibility, group velocity delay or group velocity dispersion characteristics.
关键词： electromagnetically induced transparency,Coherent optical effects,Pulse propagation and temporal solitons
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[Springer Series in Optical Sciences] Fano Resonances in Optics and Microwaves Volume 219 (Physics and Applications) || Storage and Retrieval of Electromagnetic Waves in Metamaterials by Dynamical Control of EIT-Like Effect
摘要： The storage of light is one of the most significant applications of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effects in atomic systems. It is also possible to mimic the EIT effect using artificial media, or metamaterials, which are based on coupled resonators. This chapter focuses on metamaterials that realize the storage and retrieval of electromagnetic waves in the same way as the atomic EIT system. We introduce tunable metamaterials that are loaded with variable capacitors, which realize dynamical modulation of the EIT-like effects and the control of asymmetric spectra unique to the Fano resonance. Experiments are performed to show that electromagnetic waves are stored and released coherently in a multi-layered metamaterial designed for the operation in the microwave region. In addition, we show the frequency conversion of the stored waves and the extension of the storage time using parametric amplification.
关键词： Fano resonance,storage of electromagnetic waves,EIT,Electromagnetically induced transparency,parametric amplification,metamaterials
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[Springer Series in Optical Sciences] Fano Resonances in Optics and Microwaves Volume 219 (Physics and Applications) || Dark-Mode Characteristics of Metasurfaces Engineered by Symmetry Matching of Resonant Elements and Electromagnetic Fields
摘要： We revisit the engineering of metasurfaces displaying sharp spectral features and conventionally relying on electromagnetically induced transparency resulting from Fano-type interference between dark and bright resonant elements. The aim of the developed approach based on symmetry considerations is to show that electromagnetically induced transparency and dark mode excitation are not necessarily associated. We bring theoretical and experimental evidence in the microwave domain that electromagnetically induced transparency and dark mode excitation can be achieved in an independent manner by using distinctly different mechanisms. The use of these distinctly different mechanisms provides higher flexibility for metasurfaces engineering and results in a great improvement of their spectral performances.
关键词： metasurfaces,dark mode,symmetry matching,bright mode,electromagnetically induced transparency,Fano-type interference
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Surface-polaritonic phase singularities and multimode polaritonic frequency combs via dark rogue-wave excitation in hybrid plasmonic waveguide
摘要： Material characteristics and input-?eld speci?cs limit controllability of nonlinear electromagnetic-?eld interactions. As these nonlinear interactions could be exploited to create strongly localized bright and dark waves, such as nonlinear surface polaritons, ameliorating this limitation is important. We present our approach to amelioration, which is based on a surface-polaritonic waveguide recon?guration that enables excitation, propagation and coherent control of coupled dark rogue waves having orthogonal polarizations. Our control mechanism is achieved by ?nely tuning laser-?eld intensities and their respective detuning at the interface between the atomic medium and the metamaterial layer. In particular, we utilize controllable electromagnetically induced transparency windows commensurate with surface-polaritonic polarization-modulation instability to create symmetric and asymmetric polaritonic frequency combs associated with dark localized waves. Our method takes advantage of an atomic self-defocusing nonlinearity and dark rogue-wave propagation to obtain a suf?cient condition for generating phase singularities. Underpinning this method is our theory which incorporates dissipation and dispersion due to the atomic medium being coupled to nonlinear surface-polaritonic waves. Consequently, our waveguide con?guration acts as a bimodal polaritonic frequency-comb generator and high-speed phase rotator, thereby opening prospects for phase singularities in nanophotonic and quantum communication devices.
关键词： rogue wave,surface plasmon polariton,frequency comb,plasmonic waveguide,electromagnetically induced transparency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Symmetric and antisymmetric surface plasmon polariton solitons in a metal-dielectric-metal waveguide with incoherent pumping
摘要： We propose a scheme to realize stable linear and nonlinear propagation of symmetric and antisymmetric surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) solitons by doping ladder-type three-level quantum emitters into the middle layer of a metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide. In linear propagation regime, we show that both symmetric and antisymmetric SPPs can acquire a gain from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect with an incoherent pumping. The EIT can be used not only to completely compensate the Ohmic loss in the metal but also to acquire a subluminal group velocity for the SPPs. We also show that in nonlinear propagation regime a huge enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity of the symmetric and antisymmetric SPPs can be obtained but with different incoherent pumping intensities. As a result, gain-assisted (1+1)-dimensional symmetric and antisymmetric subluminal surface polaritonic solitons may be produced based on the strong confinement of electric field in the MDM waveguide. Our study may have promising applications in light information processing and transmission at nanoscale level based on MDM waveguides.
关键词： solitons,surface plasmon polaritons,electromagnetically induced transparency,Kerr nonlinearity,metal-dielectric-metal waveguide
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Effect of quintic nonlinearity on self-phase modulation and modulation instability in multiple coupled quantum wells under electromagnetically induced transparency
摘要： The self-phase modulation and modulation instability of an optical probe electromagnetic field in multiple quantum well systems under electromagnetically induced transparency has been investigated. The probe field experiences large Kerr and quintic nonlinearities that can be controlled by two controlling laser beams. The probe beam experiences self-phase modulation which is suppressed by the quintic nonlinearity. The probe field is modulationally unstable due to the existence of large nonlinearities. The bandwidth of unstable frequencies and growth of the instability could be controlled by the probe beam power, the Rabi frequency and detunings of two control fields. The presence of the higher order nonlinearity and dispersion significantly reduce the instability growth and bandwidth of unstable frequency.
关键词： Self-phase modulation,Coupled quantum well,Modulation instability,electromagnetically induced transparency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optical isolation by hot atoms
摘要： A collection of hot rubidium atoms is shown to exhibit non-reciprocal optical transmission due to the interplay between thermal motion and electromagnetically induced transparency.
关键词： electromagnetically induced transparency,non-reciprocal optical transmission,optical isolation,hot atoms
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Tunable quad-band transmission response, based on single-layer metamaterials
摘要： We investigated the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like effects in planar metamaterials (MMs) at microwave (GHz) frequencies. The specific MMs that were used in this study consist of cut-wire resonator/ring resonator, which achieved the dual EIT-like effects in a single-layer through the bright- and quasi-dark-mode coupling and the lattice mode coupling. In addition, by varying the distance between the two resonators, the quad-band EIT spectral response in the microwave region was obtained, and the group refractive index at the EIT-like resonance of proposed design reached up to 4,000. This study provides the design approach to the multispectral EIT-like effects and might suggest potential applications in a variety of fields, for example, low-loss slow-light device, multiple switching sensor, and other sensing devices.
关键词： microwave frequencies,slow-light device,quad-band transmission,electromagnetically induced transparency,metamaterials
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Wide-range line shape control of Fano-like resonances in all-dielectric multilayer structures based on enhanced light absorption in photochromic waveguide layers
摘要： We have succeeded in controlling the line shape of Fano-like resonances in all-dielectric multilayer structures in a wide range by UV light irradiation. Multilayer structures consisting of a waveguide layer supporting a half-leaky guided mode, a spacer layer, and another waveguide layer supporting a planar waveguide mode are known to exhibit Fano-like line shapes in attenuated total reflection spectra due to coupling between the half-leaky guided mode and the planar waveguide mode. Using a photochromic layer, i.e., a layer doped with spiropyran molecules, as one of the waveguide layers, we controlled the amount of light absorption in the waveguide layer by varying the UV irradiation dose. We demonstrated that the line shape changes dramatically depending on the UV dose, from the electromagnetically induced transparency-like to electromagnetically induced absorption-like line shape (or vice versa) passing through the Fano-like line shape. We also demonstrated that the photochromic response induced by UV irradiation in the Fano-resonant multilayer structure is enhanced by a factor of ～100 relative to that in a single photochromic layer. Our analyses based on electromagnetic calculations suggest that the dramatic line shape change and the enhanced photochromic response are the consequences of enhanced local electric fields inside the photochromic waveguide layer combined with the photoinduced increase in the imaginary part of the dielectric constant.
关键词： electromagnetically induced transparency,all-dielectric multilayer structures,Fano-like resonances,UV light irradiation,electromagnetically induced absorption,photochromic waveguide layers
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57