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Optical coherence tomography and multifocal electroretinography of patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration before, during, and after treatment with ranibizumab
摘要： Purpose: To evaluate retinal morphology and function of patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) before, during, and after treatment with ranibizumab. Methods: Twenty-one eyes diagnosed with advanced AMD were studied with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG). Three intravitreal injections of ranibizumab were administered at 1-month intervals. Evaluations were performed before the first injection (D0) and at 30 (D30), 60 (D60), and 90 days (D90) after the first injection and compared to an age-matched control group (n=21 eyes). Results: The thickness of macular retinal layers increased before treatment due to the presence of intraretinal fluid. A thick retinal pigment epithelium-choriocapillaris complex (RPE-CC) suggested the presence of choroidal neovascular membrane. Intraretinal edema decreased after treatment (P<0.01), but persisting RPE-CC thickness resulted in a subretinal scar. Three different annular retinal areas were studied with mfERG (from center to periphery: rings R1, R2, and R3). The amplitude of the first negative component (N1) decreased in R1, R2, and R3 at D30, D60, and D90 when compared with that in controls (P<0.05); the N1 implicit time was delayed in R3 at D30 (P<0.05). The amplitude of the first positive component (P1) was reduced in R1 and R2 at D30, D60, and D90 when compared with that in controls (P<0.01); the P1 implicit time was delayed in R1 at D0 and D60 (P<0.05), in R2 at D0, D30, and D90 (P<0.01), and in R3 at D30 and D60 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ranibizumab reduces intraretinal edema, even in advanced cases. Central macular activity appeared to increase after the initiation of treatment, improving over time.
关键词： Electroretinography,optical coherence,Macular degeneration/drug therapy,Antibodies,humanized/therapeutic use,Tomography,monoclonal,Intravitreal injections
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Therapeutic effect of dexamethasone implant in retinal vein occlusions resistant to anti-VEGF therapy
摘要： Purpose: To test the efficacy of the intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant in patients with retinal vein occlusions (RVOs) who have failed multiple anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatments. Methods: A randomized exploratory study of ten patients with branch RVO or central RVO who received at least two previous anti-VEGF treatments and had persistent or unresponsive cystoid macular edema. Treatment with the DEX implant was either every 4 months or pro re nata (PRN) depending on their group assignment for 1 year. Multifocal electroretinography and microperimetry were the primary end points, with high-resolution optical coherence tomography and best-corrected visual acuity as the secondary end points. Results: All patients in both the every 4 month and PRN cohorts who completed the study received the three maximal injections of DEX; therefore, the data from both cohorts were combined and reported as a case series. On average, the multifocal electroretinography amplitude increased significantly from 5.11±0.66 to 24.19±5.30 nV/deg2 at 12 months (P,0.005), mean macular sensitivity increased from 7.67±2.10 to 8.01±1.98 dB at 4 months (P=0.32), best-corrected visual acuity increased significantly from 51.0±5.1 to 55.4±5.1 early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study letters at 2 months (P,0.05), and central retinal thickness decreased from 427.6±39.5 to 367.1±37.8 μm at 4 months (P,0.05). Intraocular pressure increased significantly in one patient, with that patient requiring an additional glaucoma medication for management. Additionally, cataract progression increased significantly (P,0.05) in this patient population and partially limited analysis of other end points. Conclusion: DEX should be considered as a treatment option in patients with RVOs who have failed anti-VEGF therapy, as the results of this study demonstrated an improvement in retinal morphology and macular function. Cataract progression did occur following multiple consecutive injections; however, steroid-induced glaucoma was not a limiting factor.
关键词： intravitreal dexamethasone implant,multifocal electroretinography,retinal vein occlusion,anti-VEGF,cataract progression
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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The effect of light stimuli on dark-adapted visual sensitivity in invasive silver carp <i>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</i> and bighead carp <i>H. nobilis</i>
摘要： Non-physical barriers, including the use of underwater strobe lights alone or paired with sound or bubbles, are being considered as a means to prevent the upstream migration of invasive silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and bighead carp H. nobilis. To optimize potential optical deterrents, it is necessary to understand the visual sensitivity of the fishes. Dark-adapted H. molitrix and H. nobilis were found to possess broad visual sensitivity between 470 nm to 620 nm with peak spectral sensitivity at 540 nm for H. molitrix and 560 nm in H. nobilis. To assess the effect of a strobe light on vision, dark-adapted H. molitrix, H. nobilis and common carp Cyprinus carpio, were exposed to three different 5 s trains (100, 200, or 500 ms on–off flashes) of white light and the recovery of visual sensitivity was determined by measuring the b-wave amplitude of the electroretinogram (ERG). For all species, the longest recoveries were observed in response to the 500 ms flash trains (H. molitrix mean ± SE = 702.0 ± 89.8 s; H. nobilis 648.0 ± 116.0 s; C. carpio 480 ± 180.0 s). The results suggest that strobe lights can temporarily depress visual sensitivity, which may render optical barriers less effective.
关键词： H. nobilis,fish vision,H. molitrix,strobe lights,nonphysical barrier,electroretinography
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14