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Determination of Phonon Deformation Potentials in Carbon-Doped Silicon
摘要： Carbon-doped silicon (Si:C) is used as a stressor to the channel of n-type metal oxide semiconductor field-effect-transistor (MOSFET). In this study, we determined PDPs, phonon deformation potentials, (p and q) of Si:C to realize evaluation of anisotropic biaxial stress by using water-immersion Raman spectroscopy. Raman peak shift in longitudinal and transverse optical (LO and TO) phonon modes were measured by water-immersion Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, in-plane and out-of-plane strain were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on the Raman shift and the in-plane strain, p and q in each sample were derived. As a result, it took a different value from pure-Si, and the PDPs tended to increase as the C concentration increased.
关键词： phonon deformation potentials,strain evaluation,Carbon-doped silicon,X-ray diffraction,water-immersion Raman spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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High-precision collinear laser spectroscopy at the Collinear Apparatus for Laser Spectroscopy and Applied Physics (COALA)
摘要： COALA is a new offline collinear laser spectroscopy setup for high-precision measurements and development work at TU Darmstadt, Germany. An introduction to the technique and the experimental setup is given and an overview of current projects with recent results is presented. The idea of a novel all-optical absolute charge radius determination is discussed.
关键词： Nuclear charge radii,High voltage evaluation,High precision spectroscopy,Collinear laser spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Towards a comprehensive understanding of the Si(100)-2×1 surface termination through hydrogen passivation using methylamine and methanol: a theoretical approach
摘要： Using density functional theory, we explored the termination process of Si (100)-2 × 1 reconstructed surface mechanistically through the dehydrogenation of small molecules, considering methyl amine and methanol as terminating reagents. At first, both the terminating reagents form two types of adduct through adsorption on the Si (100)-2 × 1 surface, one in chemisorption mode and the other via physisorption, from which the dehydrogenation process is initiated. By analyzing the activation barriers, it was observed that termination of the Si-surface through the dehydrogenation is kinetically almost equally feasible using either reagent. We further examined in detail the mechanism for each termination process by analyzing geometrical parameters and natural population analysis charges. From bonding evaluation, it is evident that hydrogen abstraction from adsorbates on the Si-surface is asymmetric in nature, where one hydrogen is abstracted as hydride by the electrophilic surface Si and the other hydrogen is abstracted as proton by the neucleophilic surface Si. Moreover, it was also observed that hydride transfer from adsorbate to the Si-surface occurs first followed by proton transfer. Overall, our theoretical interpretation provides a mechanistic understanding of the Si (100)-2 × 1 reconstructed surface termination by amine and alcohol that will further motivate researchers to design different types of decorated semiconductor devices.
关键词： Bonding evaluation,Si(100)-2 × 1 reconstructed surface,Dehydrogenation,Potential energy surface,Surface termination
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Analysis of CO2 emission reduction contribution and efficiency of Chinaa??s solar photovoltaic industry: Based on Input-output perspective
摘要： As one of the most promising renewable energy sources, the amount of solar photovoltaics has reached 104.1 GW in 2018. China not only has the natural advantages of abundant solar energy resources, but the photovoltaic industry under the government’s support has also become the main driving force for global development. Facing the structural adjustment of solar photovoltaic parity online and the important contribution of solar power generation to energy conservation and emission reduction, this paper based on the radial and non-radial comprehensive consideration of EBM (Epsilon-Based Measure) DEA (Data envelopment analysis) model from the input-output perspective on solar photovoltaic industry CO2 emission reduction and ef?ciency analyze. It is concluded that the total ef?ciency of the solar photovoltaic industry in China’s six regions shows a growing trend, but the regional differences are obvious. The overall ef?ciency of the northwest region is superior. Among the index ef?ciency, CO2 emission reduction ef?ciency is better than cumulative installed capacity ef?ciency, solar energy utilization hour ef?ciency is the lowest, and CO2 emission reduction and cumulative installed capacity ef?ciency all show a consistent trend. It shows that the ef?ciency of cumulative installed capacity has a positive impact on CO2 emission reduction, but the ef?ciency of solar power generation needs to be improved.
关键词： Ef?ciency evaluation,Input-output,CO2 emission reduction,Solar photovoltaic
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Automated evaluation of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in the lung
摘要： Probe-based confocal endomicroscopy provides real time videos of autoflourescent elastin structures within the alveoli. With it, multiple changes in the elastin structure due to different diffuse parenchymal lung diseases have previously been described. However, these evaluations have mainly relied on qualitative evaluation by the examiner and manually selected parts post-examination. Objectives To develop a fully automatic method for quantifying structural properties of the imaged alveoli elastin and to perform a preliminary assessment of their diagnostic potential. Methods 46 patients underwent probe-based confocal endomicroscopy, of which 38 were divided into 4 groups categorizing different diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. 8 patients were imaged in representative healthy lung areas and used as control group. Alveolar elastin structures were automatically segmented with a trained machine learning algorithm and subsequently evaluated with two methods developed for quantifying the local thickness and structural connectivity. Measurements and main results The automatic segmentation algorithm performed generally well and all 4 patient groups showed statistically significant differences with median elastin thickness, standard deviation of thickness and connectivity compared to the control group. Conclusion Alveoli elastin structures can be quantified based on their structural connectivity and thickness statistics with a fully-automated algorithm and initial results highlight its potential for distinguishing parenchymal lung diseases from normal alveoli.
关键词： diffuse parenchymal lung diseases,automated evaluation,elastin structures,probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy,lung
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A coaxial alignment method for large aircraft component assembly using distributed monocular vision
摘要： The assembly of large component in out-field is an important part for the usage and maintenance of aircrafts, which is mostly manually accomplished at present, as the commonly used large-volume measurement systems are usually inapplicable. This paper aims to propose a novel coaxial alignment method for large aircraft component assembly using distributed monocular vision.
关键词： Posture evaluation,Particle swarm optimization (PSO),Aircraft assembly,Monocular vision,Coaxial alignment
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[ACM Press the International Conference - San Diego, California (2018.11.05-2018.11.08)] Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design - ICCAD '18 - Strain-aware performance evaluation and correction for OTFT-based flexible displays
摘要： Organic thin-?lm transistors (OTFTs) are widely used in ?exible circuits, such as ?exible displays, sensor arrays, and radio frequency identi?cation cards (RFIDs), because these technologies offer features such as better ?exibility, lower cost, and easy manufacturability using low-temperature fabrication process. This paper develops a procedure that evaluates the performance of ?exible displays. Due to their very nature, ?exible displays experience signi?cant mechanical strain/stress in the ?eld due to the deformation caused during daily use. These deformations can impact device and circuit performance, potentially causing a loss in functionality. This paper ?rst models the effects of extrinsic strain due to two fundamental deformations modes, bending and twisting. Next, this strain is translated to variations in device mobility, after which analytical models for error analysis in the ?exible display are derived based on the rendered image values in each pixel of the display. Finally, two error correction approaches for ?exible displays are proposed, based on voltage compensation and ?exible clocking.
关键词： Organic thin-?lm transistors (OTFTs),performance evaluation,error correction,strain modeling,?exible displays
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing] Information and Communication Technologies of Ecuador (TIC.EC) Volume 884 || Reliability and Validity of Postural Evaluations with Kinect v2 Sensor Ergonomic Evaluation System
摘要： Postural evaluations are becoming a priority in a world where occupational diseases derivatives from ergonomic situations are progressively common with serious consequences. This document proposes a semi-automatic ergonomic evaluation system with Kinect V2, which use the RULA method. It makes possible the discovery of conditions with postural risk and reduces errors in the estimating the evaluators’ measurements due to lack of experience, expertise and handling of measurement instruments. Reducing the ergonomic evaluation time, compared to the direct postural evaluation method at a low cost. In a controlled environment, 30 participants with homogeneous characteristics are evaluated their postural work, using a direct method (goniometer) and a non-invasive (Kinect V2) method, to then compared the statistically results using the coefficient of correlation named Cohen’s Kappa and vagueness type A. The final RULA scores issued by the direct method of postural evaluation and the proposed system are correlated. The uncertainty results established in the angular measurements on the arm, forearm, wrist, trunk and neck were respectively (±0.36°, ±0.22°, ±0.59°, ±0.27° and ±0.28°). A Cohen’s Kappa correlation coefficient of 0.953 was obtained, which means an almost perfect correlation between the evaluations of both systems.
关键词： Ergonomic evaluation,Non-invasive,Uncertainty,Kinect V2
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Noninvasive Flap Monitoring using Sidestream Dark Field Microscan: A Method for Real-Time Observation of Submilimmetric Vessels
摘要： A timely diagnosis of vascular compromise improves free flap survival. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of monitoring flap vascular patency through noninvasive microcirculation monitoring using SDF. An experimental study was performed in five volunteers. A radial forearm flap was simulated in both upper extremities and cutaneous microcirculation assessment devices were used (SDF and NIRS), and compared with clinical and doppler evaluation. Conditions of venous occlusion (VO) and total vascular occlusion (TVO) were mimicked by using a cuff. The results of the Microscan SDF monitoring during VO and TVO showed a reduced microcirculatory flow at 16.5 (6-30) and 6 (2-11) seconds respectively. Both NIRS and clinical evaluation were slower than SDF at identifying vascular compromise. During VO the Doppler signal does not disappear; while in TVO the signal disappeared at 1.8 (1-5) seconds. This study shows that evaluation of microcirculation with Microscan SDF is a viable alternative that may allow detection of flap venous and total vascular occlusion earlier than Doppler, NIRS and clinical evaluation.
关键词： Evaluation,Microsurgery,Monitoring,Microcirculation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Assessing the effectiveness of Chinaa??s net-metering subsidies for household distributed photovoltaic systems
摘要： Consumer incentives play a vital role in promoting the adoption of renewable energy technology. In China, the government implemented a single, nation-wide net-metering subsidy to cultivate the distributed photovoltaic electricity generation market in 2013 and then had to reduce it twice due to the falling cost of photovoltaic modules and the large resultant financial gap. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether these subsidy adjustments were accurate, and also to identify the factors affecting the subsidy design. We applied a techno-economic evaluation to examine the actual market performance of China’s household distributed photovoltaic system in five typical cities with different levels of solar radiation and electricity consumption patterns, and then investigated the subsidy policy’s effectiveness through a cost-benefit analysis. The results show that a 3e7 kW photovoltaic capacity in different regions of solar radiation can meet the residential electricity demand. We found that the examination of net-metering effectiveness should consider both regional difference in solar radiation and the different levels of electricity demand. Additionally, the cost-benefit analysis also indicated that a reasonable, regionally differentiated metering subsidy should be in the range of 0.05e0.27 yuan/kWh.
关键词： Cost-benefit analysis,Distributed photovoltaic power generation,Techno-economic evaluation,Net-metering policy
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57