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Unraveling the Safety Profile of Nanoscale Particles and Materials - From Biomedical to Environmental Applications || Applications of Fluorescent Quantum Dots for Reproductive Medicine and Disease Detection
摘要： Understanding the mechanisms associated with fertility and disease management in animals remains challenging. Continuing advances in nanotechnology provide new tools and alternative approaches for the investigation of these mechanisms. Fluorescent quantum dot nanoparticles, for example, have unique physicochemical properties, which allow for in vivo and in vitro imaging in various areas of life sciences. Traditional quantum dots contain heavy metal semiconductor cores, which have raised concern over their potential for toxicity. The majority of available quantum dots today prevent heavy metal release with additional chemical and polymer layers for safe water solubility. In this chapter, the most widely used quantum dots made of cadmium selenide, which possess great potential for real-time imaging in disease detection and reproductive medicine, are discussed.
关键词： real-time imaging,spermatozoa,quantum dots,in vivo imaging,fertility,luminescence
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A Simple and Efficient Method for Designing Broadband Terahertz Absorber Based on Singular Graphene Metasurface
摘要： In the present study, Amh was found to be abundantly expressed in the granulosa cells of the primary growth follicles, and Amhr2 in the granulosa cells, oogonia and phase I oocytes in tilapia by immunohistochemistry. In addition, Amh and Amhr2 were also found to be expressed in the brain and pituitary. Heterozygous mutation of either amh or amhr2 resulted in increased primary growth follicles and decreased fertility, and homozygous mutation resulted in hypertrophic ovaries with significantly increased primary follicles and failed transition from primary to vitellogenic follicles. Expression of gnrh3 in the brain, fsh and lh in the pituitary and serum E2 concentration were significantly decreased in both mutants. Significantly increased apoptosis of follicle cells was observed in both mutants. However, administration of E2 failed to rescue the folliculogenesis defects of the mutants. Our results suggested that Amh acts in a dose-dependent manner by binding Amhr2 in tilapia.
关键词： Ovary hypertrophy,CRISPR/Cas9,Anti-Müllerian hormone,Fertility,Folliculogenesis arrest
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Applications of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Soil Characterization, Part II: Review of Elemental Analysis and Soil Classification
摘要： In-field soil health assessments, including plant nutrients and toxic elements, are needed and could improve the sustainability of agriculture production. Among the available analytical techniques for these analyses, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has become one of the most promising techniques for real-time soil analysis at low cost and without the need of reagents. The first part of this two-part review (Part I, Villas-Boas et al., 2019) in this issue focused on the fundamentals of LIBS for soil analysis and its use for soil chemical and physical characterization. Our objectives in this review article (Part II) are to review (i) the main applications of LIBS in the determination of soil carbon (C), nutrients and toxic elements, spatial elemental mapping, and (ii) its use in soil classification. Traditional and more recent techniques will be compared to LIBS, considering their advantages and disadvantages. LIBS is a promising, versatile technique for detecting many elements in soil samples, requires little or no sample preparation, takes only a few seconds per sample, and has a low cost per sample compared to other techniques. However, overcoming matrix effects is a challenge for LIBS applications in soil analysis, since most studies are conducted with limited changes in the matrix. In spite of the limitation of matrix effects, a typical LIBS system has a limit of detection of 0.3, 0.6, 4, 7, 10, 18, 46, and 89 mg kg-1 for Mo, Cu, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, K, and Ca, respectively. LIBS holds potential for real-time in-field spatial elemental analysis of soils and practical applications in precision farming with proper calibration. This could lead to immediate diagnoses of contaminated soil and inefficient nutrient supplies and facilitate well-informed soil management, increasing agricultural production while minimizing environmental impacts.
关键词： soil contamination,soil fertility,rhizosphere,toxic elements,spatial elemental mapping,SOM,precision agriculture,Plant nutrients,soil carbon
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04