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550-W Ultraviolet Exciplex Source for Pulsed Power Applications
摘要： The investigation of a high output power, arc lamp exciplex ultraviolet (UV) source for pulsed power applications is presented. The arc lamp generates up to 550 W from XeF exciplex radiation at 351 nm, totaling to nearly 0.15-mJ total radiated UV energy over the duration of the UV pulse. With an ellipsoidal reflector, the arc lamp produces 400 W/cm2 and up to 0.1 mJ of UV light onto a 1-cm2 area. A complete experimental investigation of the arc lamp for both XeCl (308 nm) and XeF (351 nm) exciplex sources operated under varying excitation and pressure conditions is reported. As an application, the arc lamp is successfully utilized as an illumination source for an intrinsically triggered, wide bandgap SiC photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS), where a PCSS ON-state resistance of 500 Ω is achieved.
关键词： ultraviolet sources,Arc discharges,gas discharge devices,plasma devices
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 31st International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) - Kyoto, Japan (2018.7.9-2018.7.13)] 2018 31st International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) - Activation of carbon nanotube film by gas discharge breakdown
摘要： Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is considered to be eminently suitable cold-cathode material. We found that exposure of CNT films to gas discharge breakdown generated in atmospheric argon gas causes significant morphology changes, which show many dispersed CNTs, on those surfaces. These indicate that the exposure of the CNT film to the gas discharge breakdown can be used as a method for improvement of the field emission property of the CNT film. In this study, field emission properties of the CNT film that was exposed to the gas discharge breakdown was investigated. Many crater-shaped holes whose circumferences were surrounded by many dispersed CNTs were found after the exposure of the CNT film to the discharge breakdown. We found that the CNT film after the exposure of the gas discharge breakdown gave better field emission properties than it before the exposure.
关键词： carbon nanotubes,field emission,gas discharge breakdown,spark discharge
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[IEEE ESSCIRC 2019 - IEEE 45th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC) - Cracow, Poland (2019.9.23-2019.9.26)] ESSCIRC 2019 - IEEE 45th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC) - A 26-Gb/s 3-D-Integrated Silicon Photonic Receiver in BiCMOS-55 nm and PIC25G With a?? 15.2-dBm OMA Sensitivity
摘要： This paper deals with those measures against overvoltage taken when protecting buildings occupied by people or animals. Such overvoltages can appear in the case of ground fault if the grounding system of the building is located within a potential funnel of a transmission tower's grounding system. This paper presents an entire concept regarding protection against any potential rise within the building. Computations of electrical potential on the grounding system having been performed using data obtained by measurements. This includes equipotential bonding, overvoltage protection of the building, and a transformer substation with metal–oxide varistors and gas-discharge arresters installed on the low-voltage line. A simulation model for the entire overvoltage protection based on known mathematical models has been merged within this paper. Adequate overvoltage protection elements were selected for protection against potential rises in the grounding systems of buildings on the basis of computation results.
关键词： Gas-discharge arrester (GDA),grounding electrodes,overvoltage protection,grounding system,metal-oxide varistor
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Planar multifrequency mid-IR microwave-pumped lasers
摘要： The characteristics of planar repetitively pulsed diffusion-cooled HF, DF, HF – DF, Xe, and HF – DF – Xe(Kr) lasers pumped by a microwave discharge (2.45 GHz) are studied depending on the pump pulse duration (10 – 40 ms) and repletion rate (50 – 400 Hz), as well as on the composition and pressure of the working gas mixture (30 – 200 Torr) at low (to 0.6 L s–1) gas flow rates. It is demonstrated for the first time that a HF – DF – Xe gas-discharge laser may simultaneously operate as a HF – DF chemical molecular laser and a recombination laser based on xenon atom transitions and generate broadband (octave) radiation in the range 2.0 – 4.2 mm with an average output power of 43 mW and an efficiency of 0.9 %. With substitution of xenon for krypton, lasing in a HF – DF – Kr laser is obtained at wavelengths of 2.52 – 4.15 mm. Lasing in a HF – DF laser was achieved simultaneously in two spectral regions (2.7 – 2.9 and 3.6 – 4.2 mm) with an output power of ~50 mW. It is found that a decrease in the pump pulse duration with a simultaneous increase in the pulse repletion rate for retaining the average energy deposition leads to an increase in the average output power and efficiency of the laser. At low pulse repetition rates (50 – 100 Hz) and a low gas mixture flow rate, helium buffer gas can be effectively substituted for neon. Operation of the Xe laser was achieved in the spectral range 2.03 – 3.65 mm with an average output power of 580 Mw at a pump pulse duration of 20 ms, a pulse repetition rate to 10 kHz, and a maximum efficiency of 55 %. The obtained experimental results demonstrate the possibility of creating broadband HF – DF – Xe lasers emitting in the frequency range 2 – 4 mm with a desired ratio of intensities in different spectral ranges.
关键词： gas discharge,spectral characteristics,planar HF – DF – Xe laser,multifrequency lasing
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 Sixteenth International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communication Networks (WOCN) - Bhopal, India (2019.12.19-2019.12.21)] 2019 Sixteenth International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communication Networks (WOCN) - Extraction-Based Text Summarization and Sentiment Analysis of Online Reviews Using Hybrid Classification Method
摘要： This paper deals with those measures against overvoltage taken when protecting buildings occupied by people or animals. Such overvoltages can appear in the case of ground fault if the grounding system of the building is located within a potential funnel of a transmission tower's grounding system. This paper presents an entire concept regarding protection against any potential rise within the building. Computations of electrical potential on the grounding system having been performed using data obtained by measurements. This includes equipotential bonding, overvoltage protection of the building, and a transformer substation with metal–oxide varistors and gas-discharge arresters installed on the low-voltage line. A simulation model for the entire overvoltage protection based on known mathematical models has been merged within this paper. Adequate overvoltage protection elements were selected for protection against potential rises in the grounding systems of buildings on the basis of computation results.
关键词： grounding system,overvoltage protection,metal-oxide varistor,grounding electrodes,Gas-discharge arrester (GDA)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Developing Inkjet Printed PEDOT/PSS Films for Solar Cells
摘要： This paper deals with the impact of a gas discharge arrester's electrodes' shapes on its performance. When after extinguishing the electric arc between the electrodes of the gas discharge arrester and the electric-field strength between the electrodes exceeds the critical value, reignition occurs. Computation of the electric-field strength between the electrodes of the existing gas discharge arresters using the finite elements method shows that electric-field strength reaches its highest values at the edges of the electrodes. It therefore makes sense to reduce the electric-field strength at the edges of the electrodes by changing the electrodes' shapes. This also reduces the risk of reigniting the electric arc between the electrodes and improves the arrester's ability to self-extinguish. The electrodes can be geometrically shaped in such a way that ensures much uniform distribution of the electric-field strength as possible. This paper describes the model of a gas discharge arrester and the use of a differential evolution optimization algorithm for computation of the more adequate shapes of electrodes. Thus, uniform distribution of the electric-field strength is ensured between the gas discharge arrester electrodes.
关键词： optimization methods,Finite-element methods,overvoltage protection,gas discharge arrester (GDA)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A Novel Symmetry Driven Siamese Network for THz Concealed Object Verification
摘要： This paper deals with those measures against overvoltage taken when protecting buildings occupied by people or animals. Such overvoltages can appear in the case of ground fault if the grounding system of the building is located within a potential funnel of a transmission tower's grounding system. This paper presents an entire concept regarding protection against any potential rise within the building. Computations of electrical potential on the grounding system having been performed using data obtained by measurements. This includes equipotential bonding, overvoltage protection of the building, and a transformer substation with metal–oxide varistors and gas-discharge arresters installed on the low-voltage line. A simulation model for the entire overvoltage protection based on known mathematical models has been merged within this paper. Adequate overvoltage protection elements were selected for protection against potential rises in the grounding systems of buildings on the basis of computation results.
关键词： grounding electrodes,grounding system,Gas-discharge arrester (GDA),metal-oxide varistor,overvoltage protection
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2018 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS-Toyama) - Toyama (2018.8.1-2018.8.4)] 2018 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS-Toyama) - A New Waveguide Technology with a Ridge and Surrounding Metal Rods of <tex>$\lambda/4$</tex> in Height and its Applications
摘要： This paper deals with the impact of a gas discharge arrester's electrodes' shapes on its performance. When after extinguishing the electric arc between the electrodes of the gas discharge arrester and the electric-field strength between the electrodes exceeds the critical value, reignition occurs. Computation of the electric-field strength between the electrodes of the existing gas discharge arresters using the finite elements method shows that electric-field strength reaches its highest values at the edges of the electrodes. It therefore makes sense to reduce the electric-field strength at the edges of the electrodes by changing the electrodes' shapes. This also reduces the risk of reigniting the electric arc between the electrodes and improves the arrester's ability to self-extinguish. The electrodes can be geometrically shaped in such a way that ensures much uniform distribution of the electric-field strength as possible. This paper describes the model of a gas discharge arrester and the use of a differential evolution optimization algorithm for computation of the more adequate shapes of electrodes. Thus, uniform distribution of the electric-field strength is ensured between the gas discharge arrester electrodes.
关键词： optimization methods,Finite-element methods,overvoltage protection,gas discharge arrester (GDA)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Beam Shaping with Higher Laguerre-Gaussian Orders for High Power Bessel Beams
摘要： This paper deals with the impact of a gas discharge arrester's electrodes' shapes on its performance. When after extinguishing the electric arc between the electrodes of the gas discharge arrester and the electric-field strength between the electrodes exceeds the critical value, reignition occurs. Computation of the electric-field strength between the electrodes of the existing gas discharge arresters using the finite elements method shows that electric-field strength reaches its highest values at the edges of the electrodes. It therefore makes sense to reduce the electric-field strength at the edges of the electrodes by changing the electrodes' shapes. This also reduces the risk of reigniting the electric arc between the electrodes and improves the arrester's ability to self-extinguish. The electrodes can be geometrically shaped in such a way that ensures much uniform distribution of the electric-field strength as possible. This paper describes the model of a gas discharge arrester and the use of a differential evolution optimization algorithm for computation of the more adequate shapes of electrodes. Thus, uniform distribution of the electric-field strength is ensured between the gas discharge arrester electrodes.
关键词： optimization methods,Finite-element methods,overvoltage protection,gas discharge arrester (GDA)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 20th International Conference of Young Specialists on Micro/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices (EDM) - Erlagol (Altai Republic), Russia (2019.6.29-2019.7.3)] 2019 20th International Conference of Young Specialists on Micro/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices (EDM) - Matching Line for Increasing of Radiation Power of Metal Vapor Lasers
摘要： The methods of increasing the radiation power of metal vapor lasers has been considered. The results of the using different types of discharge circuits are presented. The use of matching line with the peaking capacitor and the autotransformer provides additional time delay between current and voltage of the gas discharge tube. It allowed increasing in the radiation power by a factor of 1.5 and the laser pumping efficiency to ~ 1.6%. Dependences of the radiation power in the direct discharge scheme and in the scheme with matching line are represented.
关键词： pump source,metal vapor lasers,self-terminating lasers,gas discharge tube,discharge circuit,efficiency of pumping,matching line,peaking capacitor,Active optical system,pumping,radiation power
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22