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The Monte Carlo Ray-Trace Method in Radiation Heat Transfer and Applied Optics || Extension of the MCRT Method to Non-Diffuse, Non-Gray Enclosures
摘要： The assumption of diffuse emission and diffuse-specular reflection in gray enclosures is adequate for many applications encountered in engineering practice. This is especially true in the conceptual and preliminary design stages. However, final design and performance studies often require the use of bidirectional surface optical models restricted to a specified wavelength interval. In this chapter we develop the concept of the band-averaged spectral radiation distribution factor, which is the most general tool available for treating radiant exchange among surfaces, but first we learn through extended examples how to compose and use models to simulate the optical behavior of non-diffuse surfaces.
关键词： Monte Carlo Ray-Trace Method,Non-Gray Enclosures,Radiation Heat Transfer,Applied Optics,Bidirectional Spectral Surfaces,Non-Diffuse
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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The Monte Carlo Ray-Trace Method in Radiation Heat Transfer and Applied Optics || The MCRT Method for Participating Media
摘要： The MCRT Method for Participating Media So far we have only considered energy interactions between rays and surfaces. Two possible outcomes – absorption and reflection – have been identified, and corresponding models have been formulated and used to describe radiation heat transfer among surfaces. When a ray incident to a surface is neither absorbed nor reflected, it is said to be transmitted. Thermal radiation passing through lenses, filters, and the earth’s atmosphere are familiar examples of transmission. This chapter deals with emission, absorption, refraction, and scattering of thermal radiation within a medium through which it is propagating. Such media are said to be “participating.”
关键词： Emission,Thermal Radiation,Refraction,Radiation Heat Transfer,Transmission,Absorption,Reflection,MCRT Method,Scattering,Participating Media
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Novel Design for Thermal Management of PV Cells in Harsh Environmental Conditions
摘要： The abundance of solar energy is a blessing in the Arabian Peninsula, where more than 2000 kWh/m2 density has been recorded annually. This has resulted in sincere consideration of PV harvesting in the energy matrix and smart grid. However, artefacts such as degradation of PV efficiency due to the high temperature effect have to be addressed. This paper presents a novel design of a PV cooling system using water to mitigate the effect of high temperature. Several experiments have been conducted, and the results have been analyzed. It has been found that the collected water from the panel after 40 min of cooling gained a temperature of 10 ?C approximately, during December 2016. Eventually, the efficiency was improved by 10.35% (without using MPPT) using water at ambient temperature (24 ?C) compared to the non-cooled panel. Moreover, the temperature of the panel during solar peak hours dropped from 64.3 ?C to 32 ?C and from 59 ?C to 27 ?C in 3 min for the back and front surface, respectively. These results, which are the ?rst of their kind in Qatar, constitute good incentives and pave the way for further investigation to enhance PV ef?ciency in harsh environments. This would be of paramount signi?cance, especially for scaling up PV deployment, as is planned in Qatar and GCC countries in their 2030 vision.
关键词： overheating,ef?ciency,photovoltaic,water cooling,heat transfer,renewable energy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14