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A New Strategy for Increasing the Efficiency of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells to More than 21%: Higha??Humidity Induced Selfa??Passivation of Perovskite Films
摘要： The performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are known to be extremely sensitive to humidity in the preparation environment. However, the main mechanism by which the moisture influences the quality of the perovskite film and the device performance is not yet completely revealed. In this work, we established a new strategy to obtain inverted PSCs with remarkable high VOC by including a high-humidity treatment and sufficient DMSO-atmosphere annealing in the preparation process. We found that the lattice distortion on the surface of perovskite grains caused by the high-humidity treatment played a key role in the self-passivation of perovskite. Inverted (p-i-n) PSCs based on the self-passivated perovskite films showed effective suppression of non-radiative recombination, which increased the device VOC to 1.17 V and achieved the highest efficiency of 21.38 %. It is expected that the findings of this work shed more light on the currently proposed mechanism governing the action of moisture on the performance of the PSCs.
关键词： Self-passivation,High open-circuit voltage,Perovskite solar cells,High-humidity,Grain boundaries
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Optimization of the areas of solar collectors and photovoltaic panels in liquid desiccant air-conditioning systems using solar energy in isolated low-latitude islands
摘要： The climate conditions of high temperature and humidity in isolated low-latitude islands lead to high energy consumption of air-conditioning throughout the year. Since the area of island is limited and the supply of conventional energy is difficult, the solar radiation acts as an excellent energy resource for solar air-conditioning. Therefore, an important challenge is to optimize the ratio of the area of the solar collectors and photovoltaic panels to ensure the indoor air is maintained within a comfortable range. In this work, a solar-powered liquid desiccant air-conditioning system is considered as a suitable system, and the working principle of the air-conditioning system and the physico-mathematical models of the subsystems were determined. The energy consumption of the proposed system was compared with that of a conventional cooling dehumidification system under different fresh air loads and heat to humidity load ratios. When the installed area is limited, the ratio of the areas of the collector to photovoltaic panel under different load conditions is optimized. Furthermore, the influence of indoor air design parameters on the required installed area of the system was analyzed. The results provide a basis for the application of solar-powered liquid desiccant air-conditioning system in isolated low-latitude islands.
关键词： Intense solar radiation,Photovoltaic panel area,Solar-powered liquid desiccant air-conditioning systems,Solar collector area,High temperature,High humidity
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A study on the material characteristics of low temperature cured SnO2 films for perovskite solar cells under high humidity
摘要： Electron transport layer (ETL) plays a crucial role on the fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by separating and transporting the charge carriers. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been extensively used as an ETL in PSCs; however, high temperature thermal annealing requirement impedes its integration with flexible polymer substrates for roll to roll fabrication. Herein, we have demonstrated that SnO2 is a potential ETL candidate when fabricated at low temperature (180 °C) using spin coating technique. XRD and XPS analysis revealed synthesis of rutile SnO2 tetragonal phase. TEM micrographs with SAED pattern proved formation of nanosized (3 to 4 nm) crystals of SnO2 with polycrystalline phase. FESEM analysis revealed the SnO2 nanocrystals fully covered the FTO surface and elemental mapping confirmed the uniformly distribution tin (Sn) and (O) elements throughout the surface. In addition to this, transmission analysis confirmed that SnO2 film exhibited good transmission property. PSCs were fabricated in ambient air (relative humidity ranges from 55% to 65%) with concentrated SnO2 colloidal solution and diluted SnO2 with different concentrations (1:1 v/v, 1:2 v/v, 1:4 v/v and 1:6 v/v). It was found that 1:4 v/v based diluted colloidal solution of SnO2 in DI water film exhibited the highest PSC performance of 8.51% in ambient conditions. Thus, low temperature solution processed SnO2 is an efficient ETL and well-suited for low cost automated fabrication of PSCs at large scale.
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,SnO2,Low temperature,High humidity,Electron transport layer
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Tetrahydrofuran as an Oxygen Donor Additive to Enhance Stability and Reproducibility of Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated in High Relative Humidity (50%) Atmosphere
摘要： In sequential deposition method of lead-halide perovskite material, the PbI2 layer morphology plays an essential role in enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the perovskite solar cell. However, humidity level affects the PbI2 and perovskite film morphology, resulting in defect sites and recombination centers on the surface and within the bulk of the perovskite solar cell. To address this, we report the incorporation of tetrahydrofuran (THF) additive in PbI2-DMF precursor solution, to improve the quality of PbI2 thin film and to prevent the water interaction directly with PbI2 under high humidity environment. The O-donor THF interacts with PbI2 resulting in the homogeneous, dense and pinhole-free layer as compared to PbI2 layer without additive. The Perovskite layer so obtained from pinhole-free PbI2 layer is compact and smooth resulting in a significant reduction of defects/traps. The device fabricated with modified perovskite ~ 50% humidity atmosphere, resulted in 15% efficiency with high reproducibility. Moreover, the THF modified non-encapsulated perovskite device retains its 80% PCE after exposing to 50% relative humidity for 20 days. Our result demonstrates the strategy to fabricate perovskite solar cells with reproducible efficiency in high humidity atmosphere viable for large-scale production.
关键词： two-step deposition,perovskite solar cells,high humidity,long-term stability,pinhole-free PbI2,tetrahydrofuran (THF)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04