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Enhanced Efficiencies of Perovskite Solar Cells by Incorporating Silver Nanowires into the Hole Transport Layer
摘要： In this study, we incorporated silver nanowires (AgNWs) into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a hole transport layer (HTL) for inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). The e?ect of AgNW incorporation on the perovskite crystallization, charge transfer, and power conversion e?ciency (PCE) of PVSCs were analyzed and discussed. Compared with neat PEDOT:PSS HTL, incorporation of few AgNWs into PEDOT:PSS can signi?cantly enhance the PCE by 25%. However, the AgNW incorporation may result in performance overestimation due to the lateral charge transfer. The corrosion of AgNWs with a perovskite layer was discussed. Too much AgNW incorporation may lead to defects on the interface between the HTL and the perovskite layer. An extra PEDOT:PSS layer over the pristine PEDOT:PSS-AgNW layer can prevent AgNWs from corrosion by iodide ions.
关键词： PEDOT:PSS,inverted perovskite solar cell,hole transport layer,silver nanowire
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Highly efficient perovskite solar cell utilizing a solution-processable tetrabenzoporphyrin hole transport material with p-type dopants
摘要： We demonstrate an efficient hole transporting material (HTM), soluble non-peripherally substituted octahexyl tetrabenzoporphyrin (C6TBPH2), for perovskite solar cells and determine the role of p-type dopants in improving the photovoltaic performance of devices utilizing this C6TBPH2 HTM. By adding p-type dopants, the fill factor and short-circuit current density under a reverse bias scan are improved from 0.20 ± 0.02 to 0.66 ± 0.03 and from 15 ± 2 to 20.8 ± 0.1 mA cm?2, respectively, due to formation of oxidized C6TBPH2 radical cations. Hence, the devices utilizing C6TBPH2 HTM achieve power conversion efficiencies of 15.2%, which are comparable with devices utilizing commercial HTMs fabricated under similar conditions.
关键词： perovskite solar cell,hole transport material,tetrabenzoporphyrin,photovoltaic performance,p-type dopants
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Self‐Assembly of Hybrid Oxidant POM@Cu‐BTC for Enhanced Efficiency and Long‐Term Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The controllable oxidation of spiro-OMeTAD and improving the stability of hole-transport materials (HTMs) layer are crucial for good performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we report an efficient hybrid framework material, (POM@MOF) [Cu2(BTC)4/3(H2O)2]6[H3PMo12O40]2 or POM@Cu-BTC, for the oxidation of spiro-OMeTAD with Li-TFSI and TBP. When POM@Cu-BTC is introduced to the HTM layer as a dopant, the PSCs achieve a superior fill factor of 0.80 and enhanced power conversion efficiency 21.44 %, as well as improved long-term stability in an ambient atmosphere without encapsulation. The enhanced performance is attributed to the oxidation activity of this POM anions and solid-state nanoparticles. Therefore, research presents a facile way by using hybrid porous materials to accelerate oxidation of spiro-OMeTAD, further improving the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
关键词： hole-transport materials,metal–organic frameworks (MOFs),polyoxometalates,perovskites,solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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P‐9.6: Highly Luminescent Blue Quantum Dots Light‐Emitting Diodes
摘要： A better charge balance is realized for blue quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) through doping the charge transport layer (CTL) to improve hole injection and suppress redundant electrons. High performance blue QLEDs were achieved by fine-tuning the charge balance within the emitting layer.
关键词： electron-transporting layer,quantum dots light-emitting diodes,charge balance,hole-transporting layer,hybrid charge transporting layer
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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High‐Performance Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Enhanced by Thickness Tuning of New Dopant‐Free Hole Transporting Layer
摘要： A new hole transporting material (HTM) named DMZ is synthesized and employed as a dopant-free HTM in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Systematic studies demonstrate that the thickness of the hole transporting layer can effectively enhance the morphology and crystallinity of the perovskite layer, leading to low series resistance and less defects in the crystal. As a result, the champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.61% with JSC = 22.62 mA cm?2, VOC = 1.02 V, and FF = 81.05% (an average one is 17.62%) is achieved with a thickness of ≈13 nm of DMZ (2 mg mL?1) under standard global AM 1.5 illumination, which is ≈1.5 times higher than that of devices based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS). More importantly, the devices based on DMZ exhibit a much better stability (90% of maximum PCE retained after more than 556 h in air (relative humidity ≈ 45%–50%) without any encapsulation) than that of devices based on PEDOT:PSS (only 36% of initial PCE retained after 77 h in same conditions). Therefore, the cost-effective and facile material named DMZ offers an appealing alternative to PEDOT:PSS or polytriarylamine for highly efficient and stable inverted planar PSCs.
关键词： inverted planar structure,perovskite solar cells,dopant-free,hole transporting materials
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Effects of processing parameters on the micro-drilling through fast hole electroerosion and laser trepanning in Inconel 718
摘要： Electroerosion and laser drillings are techniques used in manufacturing microholes in materials that are difficult to machine. Small diameter holes (between 0.18 and 2 mm) are commonly used in the aeronautical industry and gas turbine components as elements of the cooling system of hot side blades. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different machining parameters on the dimensional and microstructural quality of microholes obtained by the two manufacturing techniques cited. These effects were yield and dimensional analysis, the presence of micro-cracks, and width of the zone affected in the micro-drilling of Inconel 718. For this, microholes were produced through fast hole drilling electroerosion, using two electrode materials, copper and brass, and through Nd:YAG laser micro-drilling by trepanation. A central composite statistical design was defined to evaluate the influence of input parameter variations. Results were compared and showed that although the laser trepan process productivity is higher than that of electroerosion, laser drilling generates a greater concentration of cracks in the HAZ (heat-affected zone) when compared to the microholes manufactured by electroerosion. Therefore, assessment of the process to be used depends on the features one wants to optimize. Each manufacturing process has advantages and limitations that must be taken into consideration for selecting one of the techniques, and the project of the component should present the essential requirements for choosing the proper manufacturing process.
关键词： Inconel 718,Fast hole micro-drilling electroerosion,A central composite statistical planning,Laser micro-drilling by trepanation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Functionalized and reduced graphene oxide as hole transport layer and for use in ternary organic solar cell
摘要： Here is reported the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) by using a new graphene oxide derivative as hole transport layer (HTL). OSCs are based on the PTB7:PC71BM blend as active layer and the alternative top electrode Field’s metal (Bi/In/Sn: 32.5%, 51%, 16.5%), which can be easily deposited through a vacuum-free process at regular atmosphere and low temperature (90°C). Graphene oxide (GO) was chemically functionalized and reduced with pentafluorophenylhydrazine, this fluorinated reduced graphene oxide (F5-rGO) was suspended in dimethylformamide for easy deposit by wet techniques such as spin-cast. F5-rGO has a work-function of 5.1 eV due to the high electronegativity of fluorine atoms incorporated into the GO sheets. The best achieved PCE of the OSCs fabricated for a single layer of F5-rGO was 5.82%. An enhanced PCE of 7.67% when F5-GO was used as interlayer between ITO and PEDOT:PSS was reached (PCE of PEDOT:PSS-based was 7.29%). Additionally, functionalized and reduced (chemically) graphene oxide (H5-rGO) was also obtained from GO treated with phenylhydrazine, and ternary OSCs were also prepared by adding H5-rGO to the PTB7:PC71BM blend at different weight ratios: 0, 3, and 6%. The best results were achieved with 3% of H5-rGO: OSCs presented a PCE of 7.56%.
关键词： Functionalized-reduced graphene oxide,PTB7:PC71BM,Hole transport layer,Ternary OSCs,Organic solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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The study of laser cooling of TeH- anion in theoretical approach
摘要： For systems with extremely low accretion rate, such as Galactic Center Sgr A* and M87 galaxy, the ion collisional mean free path can be considerably larger than its Larmor radius. In this case, the gas pressure is anisotropic to magnetic ?eld lines. In this paper, we pay attention to how the properties of out?ow change with the strength of anisotropic pressure and the magnetic ?eld. We use an anisotropic viscosity to model the anisotropic pressure. We solve the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations in spherical coordinates and assume that the accretion ?ow is radially self-similar. We ?nd that the work done by anisotropic pressure can heat the accretion ?ow. The gas temperature is heightened when anisotropic stress is included. The out?ow velocity increases with the enhancement of strength of the anisotropic force. The Bernoulli parameter does not change much when anisotropic pressure is involved. However, we ?nd that the energy ?ux of out?ow can be increased by a factor of 20 in the presence of anisotropic stress. We ?nd strong wind (the mass out?ow is about 70% of the mass in?ow rate) is formed when a relatively strong magnetic ?eld is present. Out?ows from an active galactic nucleus can interact with gas in its host galaxies. Our result predicts that out?ow feedback effects can be enhanced signi?cantly when anisotropic pressure and a relatively powerful magnetic ?eld is considered.
关键词： accretion discs,hydrodynamics,accretion,black hole physics
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Electron-hole superfluidity controlled by a periodic potential
摘要： We propose controlling an electron-hole super?uid in semiconductor coupled quantum wells and double layers of a two-dimensional (2D) material by an external periodic ?eld. This can be created either by the gates periodically located and attached to the quantum wells or double layers of the 2D material or by the moiré pattern of two twisted layers. The dependence of the electron-hole pairing order parameter on the temperature, the charge carrier density, and the gate parameters is obtained by minimization of the mean-?eld free energy. The second-order phase transition between super?uid and electron-hole plasma, controlled by the external periodic gate ?eld, is analyzed for different parameters.
关键词： mean-?eld free energy,semiconductor coupled quantum wells,electron-hole super?uid,phase transition,external periodic ?eld,two-dimensional material
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Hole‐Boosted Cu(Cr,M)O <sub/>2</sub> Nanocrystals for All‐Inorganic CsPbBr <sub/>3</sub> Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The all-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cell (PSC) is a promising solution to balance the high efficiency and poor stability of state-of-the-art organic–inorganic PSCs. Setting inorganic hole-transporting layers at the perovskite/electrode interface decreases charge carrier recombination without sacrificing superiority in air. Now, M-substituted, p-type inorganic Cu(Cr,M)O2 (M = Ba2+, Ca2+, or Ni2+) nanocrystals with enhanced hole-transporting characteristics by increasing interstitial oxygen effectively extract holes from perovskite. The all-inorganic CsPbBr3 PSC with a device FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/CsPbBr3/Cu(Cr,M)O2/ structure carbon achieves an efficiency up to 10.18 % and it increases to 10.79 % by doping Sm3+ ions into perovskite halide, which is much higher than 7.39 % for the hole-free device. The unencapsulated Cu(Cr,Ba)O2-based PSC presents a remarkable stability in air in either 80 % humidity over 60 days or 80 8C conditions over 40 days or light illumination for 7 days.
关键词： CsPbBr3,inorganic hole-transporting materials,all-inorganic perovskite solar cells,long-term stability,perovskites
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04