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Large-area High-contrast Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Patterned Surface for Robust Electrowetting Devices
摘要： Hydrophobic/hydrophilic patterned surfaces (HHPS) are found in nature, and highly desired for practical applications as well. Building hydrophilic patterns firmly on low free energy hydrophobic coatings has been a long-term challenge. Conventional process of reactive ion etching combined with a thermal reflow (RIE-reflow) process results in degradation of both the hydrophobicity and dielectric strength of the hydrophobic coatings. In this work, we propose a reconstructive approach by encapsulating the “damaged” hydrophobic Teflon AF 1600 (AF) surface with a fresh one to keep its hydrophobicity the same as a virgin AF surface; and at the same time, enhance the hydrophilicity of patterned microstructures by local plasma etching method with a self-assembled protection mask. In this way, the extremely high wettability contrast with a large oil/water contact angle difference (Δθo/w) of 175o is reached between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. Comparing to the conventional RIE-reflow process, the AF films prepared by this reconstruction process show superior dielectric strength and surface hydrophobicity. Electrowetting display devices constructed by this process demonstrate improved optical and electrical performance, presenting a more uniform pixel aperture ratio, higher voltage tolerance, and less leakage current compared to those made using the conventional “RIE-reflow” process.
关键词： electronic devices,large-area fabrication,hydrophobic/hydrophilic pattern,dielectric film,electrowetting,wettability contrast
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Efficient Perovskite Solar Cell Modules with High Stability Enabled by Iodide Diffusion Barriers
摘要： Operational stability is crucial for the success in large-scale application of metal halide perovskites devices. The diffusion of volatile iodide component of perovskites can induce irreversible device degradation. Here, low-dimensional diffusion barriers were introduced to increase the operational stability of high-efficiency large-area PSC modules. A negligible decay was observed after 1,000 h under severe test condition for a 15% high-efficiency solar module.
关键词： Operational stability,Iodide diffusion,Large-area modules,Perovskite solar cells,Diffusion barriers
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Novel CuAlO2/polyaniline hole transport layer for industrial production of perovskite solar cells
摘要： Here, we report the application of a CuAlO2/polyaniline (PANI) film, prepared using a large-area-compatible electrospray process, as a hole transport layer in a perovskite solar cell. The synergistic combination of CuAlO2 and PANI results in enhanced hole extraction, a smoother perovskite/hole transport layer interface, and an 80% enhancement in power conversion efficiency. The results reveal that CuAlO2/PANI film has potential as a low-cost, scalable hole transport layer for perovskite solar cells.
关键词： electrospray,large-area,polyaniline,CuAlO2,hole transport layer,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Large-Area Cesium Lead Bromide Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Realized by Incorporating a Hybrid Additive
摘要： Encouraging progresses have been made in the development of solution processable perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). However, the related fundamental physics of the efficient operation of the large area PeLEDs is still far from adequate. In this work, we report our recent effort in developing a high-performance large area cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) PeLEDs through a controlled growth of CsPbBr3 emission layer using a hybrid additive in the CsPbBr3 precursor solution. The hybrid additive comprises a combination of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3). We found that the performance of the CsPbBr3 PeLEDs, prepared using the precursor solution having a hybrid additive of PEO and Cs2CO3, is superior to that of the control PeLEDs, prepared using a pure CsPbBr3 precursor solution in two ways: (1) it helps to suppress both the structural defects and non-radiative recombination-induced leakage current, and (2) it assists in improving the electron-hole current balance. The 1.0×1.5 cm2-sized PeLEDs having a maximum luminance of > 104 cd/m2 has been demonstrated, which is more than three times greater than that of a control PeLED prepared using a pure CsPbBr3 precursor solution (3.0×103 cd/m2).
关键词： hybrid additive,cesium lead bromide,perovskite light-emitting diodes,large area
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Highly Efficient Large Area Organic Photovoltaic Module with 350 nm Thick Active Layer using Random Terpolymer Donor
摘要： Random terpolymers are developed by incorporating small portions of benzodithiophene into a highly crystalline copolymer of terthiophene and difluorobenzothiadiazole, BDT-Th0. The bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) of the copolymer BDT-Th0 is formed by process of rapid solid-liquid phase demixing of polymer crystallites, which results in irregular and unclear phase separation with large polymer aggregation. By contrast, the random terpolymer BDT-Th10 which was prepared using 10% feed molar ratio of a benzodithiophene moiety shows slower and gradual formation of the polymer packing structures without substantial agglomeration from loosely packed pseudo-crystallites in precursor solution. This results in optimal BHJ morphology with appropriate phase separation and improved domain purity. BDT-Th10 achieves high solar cell efficiency of 7.74% by successfully reproducing the optimized BHJ morphology of small cells into 58.5 cm2 sized modules with 350 nm film thickness, whereas the copolymer shows irreproducible property with much decreased efficiency of 4.37%. This result is among the highest efficiency of high-performance large area PSC modules with such a thick active film.
关键词： Random terpolymers,benzodithiophene,bulk-heterojunction,large area modules,polymer solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Efficiency above 12% for 1 cm <sup>2</sup> Flexible Organic Solar Cells with Ag/Cu Grid Transparent Conducting Electrode
摘要： With the rapid progress of organic solar cells (OSCs), improvement in the efficiency of large-area flexible OSCs (>1 cm2) is crucial for real applications. However, the development of the large-area flexible OSCs severely lags behind the growth of the small-area OSCs, with the electrical loss due to the large sheet resistance of the electrode being a main reason. Herein, a high conductive and high transparent Ag/Cu composite grid with sheet resistance <1 Ω sq?1 and an average visible light transparency of 84% is produced as the transparent conducting electrode of flexible OSCs. Based on this Ag/Cu composite grid electrode, a high efficiency of 12.26% for 1 cm2 flexible OSCs is achieved. The performances of large-area flexible OSCs also reach 7.79% (4 cm2) and 7.35% (9 cm2), respectively, which are much higher than those of the control devices with conventional flexible indium tin oxide electrodes. Surface planarization using highly conductive PEDOT:PSS and modification of the ZnO buffer layer by zirconium acetylacetonate (ZrAcac) are two necessary steps to achieve high performance. The flexible OSCs employing Ag/Cu grid have excellent mechanical bending resistance, maintaining high performance after bending at a radius of 2 mm.
关键词： flexible organic solar cells,1 cm2,large-area,Ag/Cu grid
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Enhanced performance of P3HT-based non-fullerene polymer solar cells by optimizing film morphology using non-halogenated solvent
摘要： Increasing research interests have been paid to developing efficient polymer solar cells by using integrating non-fullerene acceptors with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), owing to the low-cost, promising performance and excellent stability. Here we systematically studied how processing solvents influence the overall performances of polymer solar cells using P3HT as the electron donor. It is very interesting to note that the devices processed with the non-halogenated solvent, 2-methylanisole in presence of 1-methylnaphthalene as solvent additive, exhibit reduced bimolecular and trap-assisted monomolecular recombination, facile charge extraction and enhanced charge carrier mobilities. Careful morphological investigation revealed that the optimizing crystallites, phase purity as well as nanofibrous structure is effective to the enhancement of charge generation and transport. It is also worth noting that these P3HT:O-IDTBR based devices processed with these non-halogenated solvents exhibited an impressive power conversion efficiency of 7.1% with a high fill factor of 75.09% on a device area of 0.05 cm2, and the efficiency remained 6.89% even in a device with large active layer area of 1 cm2, while also showing promising thermal stability. This study provides a new scope of processing P3HT based polymer solar cells by using non-halogenated solvents, which is compatible and has great promise for future applications.
关键词： large-area,polymer solar cell,poly(3-hexylthiophene),non-halogenated solvent,non-fullerene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Potential challenges and approaches to develop the large area efficient monolithic perovskite solar cells (mPSCs)
摘要： The next generation technologies based on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are targeted to develop a true low cost, low tech, widely deployable, easily manufactured and reliable photovoltaics. After the extremely fast evolution in the last few years on the laboratory-scale, PSCs power conversion efficiency (PCE) reached over 24%. However, the widespread use of PSCs requires addressing the stability and industrial scale production issues. Carbon based monolithic perovskite solar cells (mPSCs) are one of the most promising candidates for the commercialization of the PSCs. mPSCs possess a unique architectural design and pave an easy way to produce large area and cost-effective fabrication of the PSCs. In this article, recent progress in the field of mPSCs, challenges and strategies for their improvement are briefly reviewed. Also, we focus on the predominant implementations of recent techniques in the fabrication of the mPSCs to improve their performance. This review is intended to serve as a future direction guide for the scientists who are looking forward to developing more reliable, cost-effective and large area PSCs.
关键词： large area,perovskite solar cells,industrial scale production,stability,monolithic perovskite solar cells,carbon based
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Growth of Large-Area, Uniform, Few-Layer Tungsten Disulphide by Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Tetrathiotungstate
摘要： Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDCs) such as molybdenum disulphide (2D-MoS2) and tungsten disulphide (2D-WS2) are now established as a class of nanomaterials that can be used in numerous applications due to their tuneable physical and chemical properties [1]. However, in terms of electrical characteristics and photoluminescence efficiency, WS2 typically exhibits superior performance compared with the molybdenum analogue [2,3]. Nevertheless, synthesis of continuous, uniform and thickness controllable 2D-WS2 films for (opto)electronic device fabrication is more challenging compared with better established 2D-MoS2 growth protocols. Therefore, the search for alternative precursors and synthesis approaches of 2D-WS2 that can provide mass production with excellent quality at low cost is highly desirable [1]. In this work, we tackle this issue by refining the solvents recipe with n-methylpyrrolidone, n-butylamine and 2-aminoethanol, which significantly improves the continuity, uniformity and thickness controllability for the spin-coated precursor films. This enables the large-area growth of few-layer WS2 films using thermal decomposition via two-step high temperature annealing without sulphurisation. The few-layer WS2 films were characterised by optical and atomic force microscopy to confirm the continuity and two-dimensional nature of the deposited WS2 films. Raman, photoluminescence and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate growth of highly crystalline films with an optimum composition of WS2. The electrical response of the WS2 films grown by this method was investigated by interrogating a back-gate thin film transistor utilising a WS2 channel as shown in Figure 1.
关键词： ammonium tetrathiotungstate,Tungsten disulphide,few-layer,large-area growth,thermal decomposition
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Large-Area Organic-Free Perovskite Solar Cells with High Thermal Stability
摘要： Organic-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been considered as the most promising candidate for achieving long-term stability. Here, we demonstrate an organic-free PSC consisting of inorganic CsPbI2Br perovskite, nickel oxide hole transport layer, and niobium oxide electron transport layer. A maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.20% is achieved with an active area of 5 cm2, and it increases to 14.11% with smaller area. More importantly, the organic-free PSCs show excellent thermal stability with PCE remaining above 98% of its initial value when heated at 100 °C for 150 min. Postannealing at a proper temperature further increases its maximum PCE to 14.45%, which is the highest among any reported all-inorganic PSCs with a p-i-n structure. The enhanced performance of the postannealed device is ascribed to the decreased trap-state density and improved interface charge-transfer properties. These results demonstrated that this novel organic-free device architecture can be employed to fabricate efficient and stable PSCs for large-scale manufacturing.
关键词： postannealing,CsPbI2Br,large-area,organic-free perovskite solar cells,thermal stability
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52