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- 实验方案
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Study of Metala??Semiconductora??Metal CH3NH3PbBr3 Perovskite Photodetectors Prepared by Inverse Temperature Crystallization Method
摘要： Numerous studies have addressed the use of perovskite materials for fabricating a wide range of optoelectronic devices. This study employs the deposition of an electron transport layer of C60 and an Ag electrode on CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite crystals to complete a photodetector structure, which exhibits a metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) type structure. First, CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite crystals were grown by inverse temperature crystallization (ITC) in a pre-heated circulator oven. This oven was able to supply uniform heat for facilitating the growth of high-quality and large-area crystals. Second, the di?erent growth temperatures for CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite crystals were investigated. The electrical, optical, and morphological characteristics of the perovskite crystals were analyzed by X-ray di?raction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL). Finally, the CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite crystals were observed to form a contact with the Ag/C60 as the photodetector, which revealed a responsivity of 24.5 A/W.
关键词： inverse temperature crystallization,MSM photodetectors,CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite crystals,large-area crystals
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Precursor Engineering for Large-area Perovskite Solar Cell with >19% Efficiency
摘要： Here, we report on precursor engineering for a large-area perovskite film using an air-knife assisted D-bar coater. Lead acetate (PbAc2) is stoichiometrically added in the mother solution consisting of methylammonium iodide (MAI) and lead iodide (PbI2) in 2-methoxyethanol (2ME), leading to MAPbI3 and by-product methylammonium acetate (MAAc). Crystal growth can be controlled in the presence of MAAc while drying the wet film. The average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.14% is achieved, whereas the quality of perovskite film is uncontrollable in the absence of PbAc2 resulting in a PCE as low as 2.63%. Carrier life time is further improved by about 46% when incorporating 0.12 mol% guanidinium iodide (GAI) in the PbAc2-contained precursor solution, which demonstrates a PCE of 19.44% with a device employing a piece of the large-area perovskite film (~46 cm2) and a PCE of 13.85% with a module with an active area of 16 cm2.
关键词： guanidinium iodide,precursor engineering,perovskite solar cells,large-area coating,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Organic Photodetectors and their Application in Large Area and Flexible Image Sensors: The Role of Dark Current
摘要： Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have gained increasing interest as they offer cost-effective fabrication methods using low temperature processes, making them particularly attractive for large area image detectors on lightweight flexible plastic substrates. Moreover, their photophysical and optoelectronic properties can be tuned both at a material and device level. Visible-light OPDs are proposed for use in indirect-conversion X-ray detectors, fingerprint scanners, and intelligent surfaces for gesture recognition. Near-infrared OPDs find applications in biomedical imaging and optical communications. For most applications, minimizing the OPD dark current density (Jd) is crucial to improve important figures of merits such as the signal-to-noise ratio, the linear dynamic range, and the specific detectivity (D*). Here, a quantitative analysis of the intrinsic dark current processes shows that charge injection from the electrodes is the dominant contribution to Jd in OPDs. Jd reduction is typically addressed by fine-tuning the active layer energetics and stratification or by using charge blocking layers. Yet, most experimental Jd values are higher than the calculated intrinsic limit. Possible reasons for this deviation are discussed, including extrinsic defects in the photoactive layer and the presence of trap states. This provides the reader with guidelines to improve the OPD performances in view of imaging applications.
关键词： large area image sensors,charge injection,trap states,dark current,flexible image sensors,organic photodetectors
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Interlayer Engineering of Flexible and Large-Area Red Organic-Light-Emitting Diodes Based on an N-Annulated Perylene Diimide Dimer
摘要： Flexible red OLEDs based on a quadruple-layer stack, in between electrodes, with 160 mm2 active area were fabricated in ambient air on PET via slot-die-coating. For the OLED structure PET/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/PFO:tPDI2N-EH/ZnO/Ag, the ink formulations and coating parameters for each layer were systematically evaluated and optimized. The air-stable red-light-emitting material tPDI2N-EH was successfully utilized as blended homogeneous film with PFO for the emitting layer. The use of an organic hole-transport layer (PVK) and inorganic electron injection layer (ZnO) significantly improved the brightness of the reference device from 4 to 303 cd/m2. Surface analysis using AFM measurements showed that the PVK interlayer reduced the surface roughness of the hole injection layer (PEDOT:PSS) from 0.45 to 0.17 nm, which improved the ability to form uniform emitting layers on top. In addition, the ZnO interlayer decreased surface roughness from 1.26 to 0.85 nm and reduced the turn-on voltage of the device from 5.0 to 2.8 V.
关键词： perylene diimide,slot-die-coating,solution-processed,flexible substrate,large-area,OLED
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Perovskite Solar Cell: Research Direction for Next 10 Years
摘要： Since the first report on a solid-state perovskite solar cell (PSCs) with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.7% under 1 sun illumination and 500 h stability at ambient conditions obtained from an unencapsulated device in 2012, PSCs have received tremendous attention from scientists and engineers working on not only materials and devices but also fundamentals. The realization of solid-state PSCs was possible due to the fact that methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) was extremely unstable in dye-sensitized solar cell structures containing polar liquid redox electrolyte. The first version of a PSC was based on a nanocrystalline perovskite with dot morphology sitting on the TiO2 surface, which evolved to a thin film layout looking similar to the conventional p?i?n junction. This initial progress of device structure enhanced PCE to about 12%, which was followed by a further increase in photovoltaic performance by exploring coating methods for high-quality perovskite films. To date, the record PCE of 25.2% was certified by Newport, a proxy for National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) using quasi-steady-state measurement, which was posted in the best research-cell efficiency chart provided by NREL. PSCs now outperform the completions based on CIGS (PCE = 23.4%), CdTe (PCE = 22.1%), and even multicrystalline Si (PCE = 22.8%).
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,Tandem technology,Power conversion efficiency,Recycling technology,Large-area coating,Stability
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Flexible perovskite solar cells: device design and perspective
摘要： Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have caught more and more attention in a short period of time, attributing to their unique properties, which including light weight, flexibility, compatibility and stretchability with curved surfaces. So far, the FPSCs have obtained notable milestones and the champion-cell efficiency has achieved 19.11%. In the meanwhile, the advantage of extraordinary ease of processing for large-area flexible devices, permits their employ in niche applications such as vehicle integrated photovoltaics, portable electronics, wearable power sources, large-scale industrial roofing, etc. In this review paper, we retrospect recent developments in FPSCs, focusing on the device design and materials selection of the substrate, the transparent electrodes and the interface layers. Moreover, we summarize the large-area processes for fabricating scalable flexible devices. In addition, some promising research directions are provided for future designing of FPSCs.
关键词： flexible devices,large-area processes,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Manipulating nanoscale structure to control functionality in printed organic photovoltaic, transistor and bioelectronic devices
摘要： Printed electronics is simultaneously one of the most intensely studied emerging research areas today. For the past decade the potential for organic electronic materials to revolutionize this printed electronics space has been widely promoted. Such conviction in the potential of these carbon-based semiconducting materials arises from their ability to be dissolved in solution, and thus the exciting possibility of simply printing a range of multifunctional devices onto flexible substrates at high speeds for very low cost using standard roll-to-roll printing techniques. However, the transition from promising laboratory innovations to large scale prototypes requires precise control of nanoscale material and device structure across large areas during printing fabrication. Maintaining this nanoscale material control during printing presents a significant new challenge that demands the coupling of organic electronic materials and devices with clever nanoscience fabrication approaches that are adapted to the limited thermodynamic levers available. In this review we present an update on the strategies and capabilities that are required in order to manipulate the nanoscale structure of large area printed organic photovoltaic, transistor and bioelectronic devices in order to control their device functionality. This discussion covers a range of efforts to manipulate the electroactive ink materials and their nanostructured assembly into devices, and also device processing strategies to tune the nanoscale material properties and assembly routes through printing fabrication. The ability to control material properties on the nanoscale whilst simultaneously printing functional devices on the square metre scale is prompting a feedback loop between laboratory nanoscience innovations and their feasibility in adapting to large scale printing fabrication. The review finishes by highlighting progress in printed organic electronic devices that provide a pathway towards innovative developments in the targeted nanoscience required for organic photovoltaic, transistor and biofunctional devices.
关键词： organic electronics,biocompatible,printing,large area,nanostructure,semiconductors
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Optimizing Microstructure Morphology and Reducing Electronic Losses in 1-cm <sup>2</sup> Polymer Solar Cells to Achieve Efficiency over 15%
摘要： The successful demonstration of high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs) on relatively large-area is vital for their industrial viability and future application. When the device area is enlarged from several mm2 to the scale of >1 cm2, critical losses caused by film inhomogeneity or defects in the photoactive layer strongly restrict the performance and reproducibility of OSCs. In this work, we demonstrate that through delicate optimization of photoactive layer and minimization of optoelectronic losses, an impressive external quantum efficiency maximum up to 88% and an internal quantum efficiency peak of 97% are achieved for non-fullerene OSCs. Further incorporating fullerene as the third component into the photoactive layer optimizes the microstructure morphology, enabling the large-scale devices with an area of >1.1 cm2 surpassing the 15% efficiency milestone. The exciting results demonstrated in this work highlight the strategic priority to minimize losses through both materials and electronic engineering towards high-performance large-area OSCs.
关键词： large-area devices,photoactive layer,non-fullerene acceptors,organic solar cells,electronic losses,microstructure morphology
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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All-Si Large-Area Photodetectors With Bandwidth of More Than 10 GHz
摘要： We report high-speed large-area silicon photodetectors (PDs) that were fabricated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates. These coplanar interdigital PDs were fabricated with finger spacing in the 0.5–5 μm range. One of the detectors, which had an area of 2300 μm2, achieved a bandwidth as high as 14.1 GHz under a bias voltage of ?10 V at a wavelength of 850 nm. Meanwhile, the device with the maximum area of 4300 μm2 also achieved a 7.9-GHz bandwidth, suggesting our detectors are highly suitable for high-speed 850-nm optical receiver for large area receiving applications. We established a new transition time and resistor–capacitor (RC) equivalent circuit model to analyze and calculate the 3-dB frequency of the coplanar interdigital PD; the model results were well-matched with the measurement results.
关键词： photodetector (PD),High-speed,silicon,large area
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Suppressing the Excessive Aggregation of Non‐Fullerene Acceptor in Blade‐Coated Active Layer by Using n‐Type Polymer Additive to Achieve Large‐Area Printed Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency over 15%
摘要： In this study, we demonstrate that high-efficiency blade-coated organic solar cells (OSCs) can be obtained by using polymer additive N2200 to suppress the excessive aggregation of non-fullerene acceptor. When using blade-coating, OSCs based on the blends of PM6:IT-4F and PM6:Y6 show moderate efficiencies of 9.9% and 13.2%, respectively. However, when a small amount of N2200 is added into the binary active layers, the resulting blade-coated OSCs show much higher efficiencies of 13.0% and 16.0%. Careful investigation reveals that the polymer additive suppresses the excessive aggregation of non-fullerene acceptors in the blade-coated active layer. This enhances the device performance by ensuring a more favorable morphology with appropriate domain size, improving charge extraction, and suppressing charge recombination. Based on these understanding, large-area OSC devices (1.0 cm2) are successfully obtained by blade-coating, which display encouraging efficiencies of 12.3% and 15.1%.
关键词： highly efficient,blade-coating,suppress aggregation,organic solar cell,large-area device
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04