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Confined versus Unconfined Crystallization in Block Copolymer/Salt Mixtures Studied by Depolarized Light Scattering
摘要： Crystallization in an ordered lamellar diblock copolymer/salt mixture, polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) mixed with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt (SEO/LiTFSI), has been studied using a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and depolarized light scattering (DPLS). Such materials have applications as electrolyte membranes in solid-state lithium batteries. The grain structure of the electrolyte was controlled by manipulating thermal history. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) crystallization was confined within the microphase-separated morphology and did not affect the grain structure in the case of shallow quenches. Deep quenches resulted in unconfined crystallization, where crystal formation does not affect the microphase-separated morphology but does alter the grain structure. The difference between the two modes of crystallization can only be detected by DPLS. This knowledge is particularly relevant for nanostructured electrolytes wherein ion transport is a strong function of grain structure.
关键词： grain structure,block copolymer,crystallization,electrolyte,depolarized light scattering
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Light scattering of a coated spherical particle with large absorption in Debye series expansion
摘要： Debye series expansion (DSE) of a coated sphere is reorganized by three numbers of (N, M, X), in which N is the total number of reflections, M is the number of reflections on the outer interface, and X is the number of chords in the core. With this reorganization, for a coated particle with highly absorbing core, DSE terms can be given by just one number of M, i.e., M = ?1, 0, 1, 2…, in which M = ?1 term represents the sum of diffraction and external reflection. We find that the overall scattered light is mainly composed of the first three terms, and the coating size that makes M = 0 and M = 1 terms greatly enhanced is proportional to the core size, demonstrating coating size has important effects on intensity distributions of the two terms.
关键词： Debye series expansion (DSE),Light scattering,Coated particle,Large absorption
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Features of molecular light scattering and structure of the chlorobenzene–o-dichlorobenzene solutions
摘要： The total light scattering coefficient, degree of depolarization, refractive index, and density were measured in chlorobenzene–o-dichlorobenzene solutions. The isotropic and anisotropic molecular light scattering intensities, isothermal compressibility, excess isothermal compressibility, molar volume, and excess molar volume were calculated. Complex nonmonotonic behavior of light scattering coefficients in response to the concentration change was found. A minimum of light scattering intensity in low concentration range at the chlorobenzene side and the maximum of light scattering intensity at the o-dichlorobenzene side were observed, which indicates a substantial rearrangement of solution local structure with a change in the concentration. Four ranges with different local structure of the solution were distinguished, namely, 0–0.03; 0.03–0.65; 0.65–0.9; and 0.9–1.0 according to analysis of light scattering coefficients, excess isothermal compressibility, and excess molar volume. The solution local structure was described in each range.
关键词： Structure of liquid solutions,Chlorobenzene–o-dichlorobenzene solutions,Microheterogeneity,Isothermal compressibility,Molecular light scattering,Agglomerates
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Third glare point effect in 90?°Interferometric Laser Imaging for Droplet Sizing
摘要： A detailed analysis of Interferometric Laser Imaging for Droplet Sizing is performed at the scattering angle 90?, in order to identify the influence of a third glare point on the measurements performed. Experimentally, p = 3 scattering, which involves surface waves, is shown to have an important impact on droplet sizing.
关键词： Glare points,Debye’s orders,ILIDS,Interferometric particle imaging,Light scattering
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Fabrication of mechanical controllable, sticky and flexible random lasers based on double-sided tapes
摘要： In this paper, we report on the fabrication of mechanical controllable, sticky and ?exible random lasers based on double-sided tapes that are cheap and commonly available. A double-sided tape is used as the scattering medium. Two di?erent solutions of rhodamine B dye doped with ethylene glycol and SU-8 epoxy based polymer are applied as the gain medium. By investigation of the random laser operating lifetimes for both samples, it is shown that SU-8 epoxy based polymer is the preferred host for dye in practical utilizations. Furthermore, we observe that for the sample fabricated based on the polymeric solution of RhB dye doped SU-8 resin, bending the sample leads to an increase of lasing threshold by 39 MW/cm2. This study can pave the way for manufacturing low cost, simply utilized and mechanical controllable random lasers which can also sticks to di?erent surfaces as the marker.
关键词： Multiple light scattering,SU-8 epoxy based polymer,Random laser,Flexible devices,Double-sided tapes
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Resonant energy transfer and light scattering enhancement of plasmonic random lasers embedded with silver nanoplates
摘要： The resonant energy transfer enhancement from a plasmonic random laser (PRL) has been investigated by means of a dye-covered PVA film with embedded silver nanoplates (DC-PVA/AgNPs). Different sizes and morphologies of AgNPs were adopted to shift the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and intensify recurrent light scattering between the AgNPs. For better overlap between surface plasmon resonance and the photoluminescence of fluorescent molecules with appropriately-sized silver nanoprisms, the slope efficiency of the PRL was greatly enhanced and the lasing threshold was obviously reduced. In addition, the photon lifetime for the DC-PVA/AgNPs film reveals an apparent decline around 1.39 ns owing to better coupling with LSPR. The stronger light scattering of samples with bigger-sized silver nanoprisms has been demonstrated by coherent back scattering measurements, which reveals a smaller transport mean free path around 3.3 mm. With a-stable analysis, it has been successfully demonstrated that the tail exponent a can be regarded as an identifier of the threshold of random lasing.
关键词： localized surface plasmon resonance,resonant energy transfer,silver nanoplates,light scattering enhancement,plasmonic random laser
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Plasmonic Ag@TiO <sub/>2</sub> Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Enhanced CO <sub/>2</sub> Photoconversion to CH <sub/>4</sub>
摘要： Ag@TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with Ag metal cores and TiO2 semiconductor shells were prepared with a hydrothermal method and their structure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The core-shell Ag-TiO2 NPs were deposited on a glass plate and employed as photocatalysts for CO2 conversion by irradiation of solar simulator (AM1.5) under CO2 atmosphere. Selective CH4 evolution by CO2 photoconversion was attained with the core-shell Ag@TiO2 NP photocatalyst. The CH4 evolution rate normalized by specific surface areas was ten times higher than those of reference TiO2 NPs and conventional TiO2 NPs with accompanying Ag deposits. The role of the Ag core was also demonstrated in photodecomposition of a dye by the core-shell Ag@TiO2 NPs. These results suggested the high photocatalytic activity of the core-shell Ag@TiO2 NPs was archived due to bandgap improvement of the TiO2 shell and increase of photon flux to the TiO2 shell by the plasmonic Ag core.
关键词： Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction,Surface Plasmonic Resonance,Ag@TiO2,Core-shell Structure,Light Scattering Effect
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Light scattering effect of polyvinyl-alcohol/titanium dioxide nanofibers in the dye-sensitized solar cell
摘要： In the present work, polyvinyl-alcohol/titanium dioxide (PVA/TiO2) nanofibers are utilized as a light scattering layer (LSL) on top of the TiO2 nanoparticles photoanode. The TiO2 nanoparticles decorated PVA/TiO2 nanofibers display a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.06%, which is 33% higher than tio2 nanoparticles without LSL, demonstrating the incorporation of PVA/TiO2 nanofibers as LSL reduces the radiation loss and increases the excitation of the electron that leads to high PCE. The incorporation of PVA/TiO2 nanofibers as LSL also increases the electron life time and charge collection efficiency in comparison to the TiO2 nanoparticles without LSL.
关键词： power conversion efficiency,dye-sensitized solar cell,PVA/TiO2 nanofibers,light scattering layer,electron life time
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Estimation of the Absorption Effect on Light Scattering by Atmospheric Ice Crystals for Wavelengths Typical for Problems of Laser Sounding of the Atmosphere
摘要： Results of analyzing the numerical calculation of light scattering matrices for ice crystals of arbitrary shape with allowance for absorption are presented. The matrices are obtained within the framework of the geometrical optics approximation. The effect of absorption on properties of light backscattering is estimated for problems of laser sounding of the atmosphere. The results demonstrate that taking into account the absorption when the wavelength is shifted inward the IR range leads to a decrease in the scattered radiation intensity. The effect of absorption for wavelengths of 0.355 and 0.532 μ m does not exceed hundredths of a percent; for 1.064 μ m, several percent; and for the near IR range, it can exceed tens of percent.
关键词： cirrus clouds,absorption,light scattering,ice crystals,geometrical optics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Optical properties of 2D photonic structures fabricated by direct laser writing
摘要： This paper presents the results of fabrication and investigation of different 2D photonic structures with the square C4v, hexagonal C6v, and pentagonal local C5v symmetry. The samples were created using the direct laser writing technique. The number of submicron scatterers varied from 25 to 10,000, and the lattice parameters varied in different samples in the range of 0.5 μm ≤ a ≤ 8.0 μm. Our experimental and theoretical studies demonstrate that 2D photonic structures reveal many remarkable optical effects. Created ordered and disordered photonic structures demonstrate a great variety of optical phenomena observed on a far-field screen placed behind the sample. When the random fluctuations of the orientation for individual rods were introduced to the perfect fishnet photonic structure, a crossover from Laue diffraction to speckle patterns was observed and investigated.
关键词： Laue diffraction,Light scattering,Photonic structure,Direct laser writing,SEM images,Metasurface
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59