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Breaking the Energy-Symmetry-Based Propagation Growth Blockade in Magneto-Optical Rotation
摘要： The magneto-optical polarization rotation effect has myriad applications in many research areas spanning the scientific spectrum, including space and interstellar research, nanotechnology, material science, biomedical imaging, and subatomic particle research. In the nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) effect, the angle of rotation of a linearly polarized optical field in a magnetized medium is dependent upon its intensity. However, typical NMOR signals of conventional single-beam Λ-scheme atomic magnetometers are peculiarly small, requiring sophisticated magnetic shielding and high-frequency phase-sensitive detection. Here, we show the presence of an energy-symmetry-based propagation growth blockade that undermines the NMOR effect in conventional single-beam Λ-scheme atomic magnetometers. We further demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, an inelastic wave-mixing technique that breaks this NMOR blockade, resulting in more-than-2-orders-of-magnitude enhancement of the NMOR signal power amplitude that cannot be achieved with conventional single-beam Λ-scheme atomic magnetometers. This technique, demonstrated here with substantially reduced light intensities at near-room temperatures, may lead to many applications, especially in the field of biomagnetism and high-resolution low-field magnetic imaging.
关键词： atomic magnetometers,wave-mixing,magneto-optical rotation,biomagnetism,nonlinear magneto-optical rotation,magnetic imaging
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Imaging the Local Charge Environment of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
摘要： Characterizing the local internal environment surrounding solid-state spin defects is crucial to harnessing them as nanoscale sensors of external fields. This is especially germane to the case of defect ensembles which can exhibit a complex interplay between interactions, internal fields, and lattice strain. Working with the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond, we demonstrate that local electric fields dominate the magnetic resonance behavior of NV ensembles at a low magnetic field. We introduce a simple microscopic model that quantitatively captures the observed spectra for samples with NV concentrations spanning more than two orders of magnitude. Motivated by this understanding, we propose and implement a novel method for the nanoscale localization of individual charges within the diamond lattice; our approach relies upon the fact that the charge induces a NV dark state which depends on the electric field orientation.
关键词： diamond,local electric fields,nanoscale localization,nitrogen-vacancy center,magnetic resonance
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD) - Austin, TX, USA (2018.9.24-2018.9.26)] 2018 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD) - Emerging Memory Modeling Challenges (Invited Paper)
摘要： Emerging Memory (EM) is a broad class of memory devices leveraging a wide spectrum of physical phenomena and/or material properties, that go beyond the charge storage concept of more conventional NAND and DRAM technologies. Availability of physical models and simulation tools to understand their behavior, predict performance, engineer materials and cell architecture would be extremely useful for their successful development. However, such tools are not always available because of the diversity and complexity of the physical mechanisms. This paper would like to review the main trends of the on-going modeling and simulation activities in the field of EM, trying to point out what are the needs and challenges for the future.
关键词： Modeling,Phase Change Memory,Simulation,Resistive RAM,Emerging Memory,Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic RAM
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Contrast-Enhanced Mammography (CEM) for Detecting Residual Disease after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Comparison with Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
摘要： Objective. To evaluate the performance of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for estimating residual tumor size after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Methods. The institutional review board approved this study. This prospective study included women with newly diagnosed breast cancer who underwent breast CEM and MRI at the end of the last cycle of NAC and before definitive surgery. Size of residual malignancy on post-NAC CEM and MRI was compared with surgical pathology. Agreements and correlations of CEM and MRI measurements with histological size were assessed. Results. Thirty-three patients were included with a mean age of 45 years (range 22–76). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value for detection of residual disease of CEM were 76%, 87.5%, 95%, and 86.4%, and those of MRI were 92%, 75%, 92%, and 75%. Comparing CEM to MRI, the mean difference was ?0.8 cm, concordance coefficient was 0.7, and Pearson correlation was 0.7 (p = 0.0003). The concordance coefficient between measurements of each imaging modality and pathologic tumor size was 0.7 for CEM and 0.4 for MRI. Pearson correlation was 0.8 for CEM and 0.5 for MRI. Mean differences between CEM, MRI, and residual histopathological tumor size were 0.8 cm and 1.8 cm, respectively. Conclusions. CEM has good correlation and agreement with histopathology for measuring residual disease after NAC. CEM was comparable to MRI, showing high positive predictive value and specificity for detecting residual disease.
关键词： neoadjuvant chemotherapy,residual disease,magnetic resonance imaging,contrast-enhanced mammography,breast cancer
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Ferromagnetic Behavior and Electronic Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles
摘要： In this work, Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles encapsulated with amorphous SiO2 were prepared by the wet chemical method. The obtained precursor was annealed and the nanoparticle sizes were controlled by adjusting the annealing temperature. These nanomaterials showed ferromagnetic behavior, even though the ZnO bulk crystal was diamagnetic. The results of electrical conductivity and XANES suggested that ferromagnetism of the Al-doped nanoparticles was results of carrier transport and oxygen vacancies. The Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles are extremely interesting from the perspective of solid state physics. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2018.406]
关键词： Nano-particles, quantum dots, and supra-molecules,Magnetic, structural, and other properties of nanostructures,Zinc oxide,Luminescence,Near edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS)
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Campo Magnético em Super-Redes Semicondutoras de Cristais
摘要： In this work we present a study on the super-semiconductor networks, using the Kronig-Penney model for the effective mass approximation, and then the calculations for the application of the magnetic field perpendicular and parallel to the layers of super lattices crystals. The magnetic field applied parallel to the layers, was used to adjust the resonance of a higher energy subband of a well by thermal excitation with a lower energy subband of the adjacent well, increasing energy levels in its tunneling rate. We use the formalism of Schr?dinger equation of quantum mechanics. Introducing the calculations in a systematic way in superlattices for each semiconductor quantum well to assess their energy spectrum systematically studied.
关键词： Kronig-Penney Model,Magnetic Field,Superlattices Semiconductors
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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ANALYSIS OF SCATTERING FROM COMPOSITE CONDUCTOR AND DIELECTRIC OBJECTS USING SINGLE INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD AND MLFMA BASED ON JMCFIE
摘要： A highly e?cient hybrid method of single integral equation (SIE) and electric/magnetic current combined ?eld integral equation (JMCFIE) is presented, named as SJMCFIE, for analysing scattering from composite conductor and dielectric objects, in which, SIE can reduce one half unknowns in dielectric region. The resultant matrix equation of SJMCFIE can be represented in the iteration form, which makes the computation complexity reduced further, and coupling mechanism of composite model becomes more explicit. For accelerating matrix-vector multiplications (MVMs), Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA) is employed to combine SJMCFIE to formulate SJMCFIE-MLFMA at last, which is the extension of SIE-MLFMA in the proposed reference. Finally, some examples verify the new hybrid method on accuracy, memory storage, computation e?ciency compared to SIE-MLFMA and JMCFIE-MLFMA. Besides, SJMCFIE-MLFMA can also be used to analyse the complete coated model’s scattering.
关键词： composite conductor and dielectric objects,Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm,electric/magnetic current combined ?eld integral equation,single integral equation,scattering
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Voltammetric immunoassay of human IgG based on the release of cadmium(II) from CdS nanocrystals deposited on mesoporous silica nanospheres
摘要： The authors describe a nanocomposite that was obtained by in-situ deposition of CdS nanocrystals on mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs), and its use in an electrochemical immunoassay of human immunoglobulin G (HIgG). The MCN/CdS nanocomposite was covalently modified with the antibodies against HIgG and then employed in a voltammetric immunoassay at antibody-functionalized magnetic beads. Through sandwich immunoreaction, the MCN/CdS nanoprobes are quantitatively captured onto the magnetic beads where numerous Cd(II) ions are released in an acidic solution. The Cd(II) can be detected by anodic stripping voltammetry at a typical working potential of ?0.78 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). In combination with the high loading of CdS on MSNs, the use of the stripping voltammetric analysis renders the method high sensitivity. A wide linear range varying from 0.01 to 100 ng mL?1 is obtained for HIgG detection with a lower detection limit at 2.9 pg mL?1. In addition, the preparation of the nanoprobe is inexpensive. The magnetic bead-based assay does not require complex manipulations. Therefore, this method is deemed to possess a wide scope in that it may be applied to other immunoassays.
关键词： Magnetic beads,Anodic stripping voltammetry,Immunosensor,Nanoprobe,Signal amplification
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Synthesis and characterization of luminescent metal–organic frameworks for the selective recognition of Cu2+ cation and Tryptophan
摘要： Three metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), namely, [Mn(CPP)2(H2O)]n (I), [Cd(CPP)2(H2O)]n (II) and {[Zn2(CPP)2(CO3)]·(ClO4)·(H2O)2}n (III) (HCPP = 4'-(4-(4-carboxylphenoxy)-2,2':60,20-terpyridine), were successfully achieved under hydrothermal conditions. The as-synthesized coordination polymers have been characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analyses and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses indicate that compounds ⅠⅠ and ⅡⅡ display isomorphous and isostructural, in which the central metal ions present distorted octahedral configurations. ⅠⅠ and ⅡⅡ feature fascinating 3D frameworks based on p/p and CeH/p interactions between the pyridine rings ligands, while compound ⅢⅢ possesses a 3D net interlinked via C-H/p interactions appertaining CPP ligands. In their 3D frameworks, the {MnN3O3}, {CdN3O3} and {ZnO2N3}e{ZnO2N3} building units are observed, respectively. Luminescent properties of coordination polymer ⅡⅡ and ⅢⅢ demonstrate that they may be acted as fluorescent sensors toward Cu2+ cation and Tryptophan, respectively. Furthermore, investigations on magnetic property reveal that coordination polymer ⅠⅠ presents antiferromagnetic coupling.
关键词： Magnetic analysis,Luminescent recognition,Transition metal ions,Hydrothermal synthesis,Metal organic frameworks
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Study of Cr <sub/><i>n</i> </sub> Si <sub/> 15– <i>n</i> </sub><sup>–</sup> ( <i>n</i> = 1–3): Effects of Doping Cr Atoms on the Structural and Magnetic Properties
摘要： CrnSi15?n? (n = 1?3) clusters were investigated by using size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations. The results show that the most stable structure of CrSi14? is of C2v symmetry with the Cr atom encapsulated in a Si14 cage which can be viewed as a boat-shaped Si10 unit capped by four additional silicon atoms. A large HOMO?LUMO gap of neutral CrSi14 is confirmed based on the photoelectron spectrum of CrSi14?. Cr2Si13? has two isomers nearly degenerate in energy: one can be characterized as one Si atom interacting with a Cr2Si12 hexagonal prism while the other can be viewed as one Si atom capping a distorted Cr2Si12 hexagonal antiprism. Cr3Si12? has a D6d symmetric wheel structure in which three Cr atoms form an axle surrounded by 12 Si atoms. The magnetic moments of CrSi14?, Cr2Si13?, and Cr3Si12? increase from 1 to 3 μB and then to 7 μB with the increasing number of Cr atoms in the clusters. The magnetic moments of Cr2Si13? and Cr3Si12? are mainly contributed by the surface Cr atoms.
关键词： Photoelectron spectroscopy,Silicon clusters,Chromium doping,Density functional theory,Magnetic properties
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14