- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Waikoloa Village, HI, USA (2018.6.10-2018.6.15)] 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Mitigating optical losses in crystalline silicon thin-film solar cells on glass
摘要： Liquid phase crystallized silicon thin-film solar cells on glass provide efficiencies up to 14.2 %. While open-circuit voltage and fill factor are already comparable to wafer-based devices, short-circuit current density is reduced due to incomplete light absorption. This paper analyzes the losses of current device designs in experiment and one-dimensional simulations, revealing the low absorber thickness of 15-20 μm as well as the planar glass-silicon interface as the main cause of non-absorption. Interface textures, in particular a sinusoidal texture and a smooth anti-reflective three-dimensional (SMART) texture, are discussed concerning their potential to mitigate these losses, allowing to reduce losses at the glass-silicon interface by at least 40% relative. Taking the electronic interface quality into account, the SMART texture is identified as the most promising texture for light management in liquid phase crystallized silicon thin-film solar cells on glass.
关键词： light management,thin-film solar cells,absorption enhancement,silicon
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
-
Light management in crystalline silicon thin-film solar cells with imprint-textured glass superstrate
摘要： The implementation of light management textures in thin-film solar cells often simultaneously causes an undesired deterioration of electronic performance. Here, we introduce a simple yet effective technique for improved light management in liquid phase crystallized silicon thin-film solar cells on glass. By imprinting pyramidal textures on the sun-facing side of the glass superstrate, absorber and functional layers of the device remain unaffected while light in-coupling is significantly increased. An increase of short-circuit current density by 2.5 mA cm2 was observed by texturing the glass in this way, corresponding to an enhanced power conversion efficiency from 12.9% to 13.8%. Optical simulations allow to attribute the increase in equal shares to an anti-reflective effect at the air-glass interface as well as light scattering and multiple passes through the glass. The technology allows for independent optimization of optical performance without compromising on electronic material issues and is therefore useable for any other solar cell technology using a glass superstrate.
关键词： Light management,Nano-imprint lithography,Liquid phase crystallization,Thin-film solar cells,Silicon
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
-
Métodos para a tomada de decis?o em portfólio de produtos: um levantamento em empresas dos setores eletr?nico, óptico e de informática
摘要： Decision making in product portfolio is a relevant aspect, not only to the good performance of product development, but also to support in the process of business strategy. This article has the objective to present and analyze the main methods for decision making in product portfolio used by large and medium enterprises that operate in Brazil, in electronic, optical and computer sectors. A survey research was conducted in a sample of 40 companies. It was noted, that most of these companies, especially the middle sized companies, followed an informal pattern for decision-making in product portfolio, which is guided, mainly, by the perception of senior management. Among the employed formal methods, financial, market research and mapping methods are the most present in the surveyed sectors.
关键词： Process of Product Development,Survey research,Methods for Decision Making,Product Portfolio Management,Electronic, optical and computing companies
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
[Lecture Notes in Computer Science] Hybrid Metaheuristics Volume 11299 (11th International Workshop, HM 2019, Concepción, Chile, January 16–18, 2019, Proceedings) || Optimization of the Velocity Profile of a Solar Car Used in the Atacama Desert
摘要： Global energy demand has undergone a substantial increase in past decades because of the rapid increase of the global population and the energetic consumption of new production technologies. As a result, a change is necessary in the global energy generating matrix, in which the sources originate primarily from renewable energy sources. The main renewable energy source may be solar energy, and one of its applications is solar mobility. A world-class solar racing car exists that requires a rational use of velocity and energy to minimize the time spent in a race. A total of three search metaheuristics were tested to achieve an efficient velocity profile for this car in the Atacama 2018 Solar Race: Genetic Algorithm, Simulated Annealing and Iterated Local Search. The three methods provided similar results, with Simulated Annealing being the one that provided better solutions.
关键词： Metaheuristics,Energy management,Solar competition,Hybrid electric vehicle
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
The First Solar Seeing Profile Measurement with Two Apertures and Multiple Guide Regions
摘要： Ground-based observations suffer from atmospheric turbulence perturbations, which seriously degrade the image quality. The seeing pro?le associated with the turbulence is critical to characterize an astronomical site. The optimal design and performance estimation of future solar ground-layer adaptive optics (GLAO) and multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) heavily rely on our knowledge of the seeing pro?le at a speci?c site. Many current optical seeing pro?le measurement techniques require one to use a large solar telescope for that purpose. The development of a portable instrument to measure and characterize the seeing pro?le is thus highly needed, in particular for testing potential new sites or for the regularly monitoring of the seeing condition at existing sites. Recently, we proposed the Advanced Multiple Aperture Seeing Pro?ler (A-MASP), which uses multiple small telescopes and multiple regions of interest (ROIs) on the solar surface to measure the seeing pro?le up to an altitude of 30 km. Here, we report our recent proof-of-concept observation run of the A-MASP technique with the Dunn Solar Telescope (DST) of the National Solar Observatory (NSO). We found that the Fried parameter, r0, was about 12 cm at the observed wavelength of 630 nm in the early morning and that there were three main turbulence layers. The strongest one was the mix layer near the ground. We observed the evolution of the top of the mix layer and found that it can rise to about 1.5 km in about 18 min, which is consistent with the theory of daytime boundary layer evolution. Another turbulence layer was observed from 8 to 15 km, which is at the top of the convective layer. Comparing an instrument with two sub-apertures with a real A-MASP instrument, we found that they should lead to similar results except for the altitude h = 0.
关键词： Instrumentation and data management,Turbulence
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Evaluación del videolaringoscopio Airtraq como dispositivo de rescate tras laringoscopia directa difícil
摘要： Background and objectives: Unexpected difficult tracheal intubation and failure to intubate are among the leading causes of anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the Airtraq video laryngoscope for tracheal intubation after difficult direct laryngoscopy. Methods: 75 patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia and whose direct laryngoscopy by a senior anesthesiologist exhibited Cormack-Lehane grade 2b, 3 or 4 were enrolled. Results: The Glottic view was improved in all patients when using the Airtraq video laryngoscope, compared with Macintosh laryngoscope. The view was improved by 2 degrees in 17.3% of the cases, by three in 60% and by four grades in 22.7% (P<0.0001). The success rate for intubation was 100% with the Airtraq. Fifty-six patients (74.7%) required a single attempt, sixteen (21.3%) two attempts and three (4%) a third attempt. Intubation difficulty scale indicated that tracheal intubation was performed easily in most cases There were no critical events. Conclusions: Tracheal intubation using the Airtraq was effective, simple and safe in patients with difficult laryngoscopy. These results confirm that the Airtraq is a reliable video laryngoscope as a rescue device in cases of difficult laryngeal view with direct laryngoscopy.
关键词： Airtraq,General anesthesia,Airway management,Difficult airway,Video laryngoscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Energy Management and Coordinated Control Strategy of PV/HESS AC Microgrid during Islanded Operation
摘要： An energy management control strategy is proposed for an islanded AC microgrid with the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) including the battery and the supercapacitor (SC). According to the state of charge(SOC) of the battery, the photovoltaic (PV) system can work in either maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode or load power tracking (LPT) mode to prevent the battery from over charging. Similarly, the load shedding control (LSC) is adopted to prevent the battery from over discharging. A virtual impedance control strategy is proposed to achieve effective power sharing in hybrid energy storage systems, where battery provides steady state power and SC only supports transient power fluctuations. The terminal voltage of SC can be restored to the initial value automatically by introducing a high pass filter in the voltage control loop. The AC bus voltage maintains constant using the voltage secondary controller to compensate the voltage droop caused by the virtual impedance control strategy. Simulation results under typical working conditions verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
关键词： hybrid energy storage system (HESS),energy management,state of charge (SOC),Coordinated control,voltage restoration,islanded operation,virtual impedance
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
[IEEE 2018 Second International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT) - Coimbatore (2018.4.20-2018.4.21)] 2018 Second International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT) - Futuristic Surveillance Spectacles
摘要： Nowadays, spectacles are common which are used to flaunt off your style and stand out among the others in a crowd. But why not disguise some special features within it apart from the style and eye power? There have been many attempts to enhance the way we use our daily commodities in order to expand its range of effectiveness. And so, we strive for further utilizing the spectacles not only as a wearable device but also as a productive device. We propose for a surveillance spectacle which is both swanky and with some extra applications. One of the feature is a camera incorporated at the nose bridge of a spectacle to capture images or videos of the nearby surroundings. This can be used as a hands-free camera for personal as well as for professional purposes. Also, the camera along with a lens can be used as a projector for displaying the captured images/videos. We have further implemented a Bluetooth module which can be linked to any wireless printer so as to print out any images. Finally, the most interesting of all, we have made an attempt to add a stress measurement algorithm through which any human eye's stress can be calculated and will further indicate users about the amount of stress on the eye indirectly cautioning them to give some rest to the eye if it is in a humongous amount of stress. Therefore, this concept is what we believe will improve human life and build up a user-friendly environment.
关键词： Stress Management,Bluetooth Module,Printing,Cornea,Projection
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
[IEEE 2018 24rd International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC) - Stockholm, Sweden (2018.9.26-2018.9.28)] 2018 24rd International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC) - Structural analysis and modelling of packaged light emitting devices by thermal transient measurements at multiple boundaries
摘要： The paper presents a comprehensive methodology for modeling the electrical, optical, and thermal domains of high-power LEDs, focusing on the XPE2 type from Cree. It introduces optimization algorithms (OPT1 and OPT2) to extract parameters such as series resistance (RS), ideality factor (m), and saturation current (I0) from forward voltage (VF) measurements. A quadratic model for radiant voltage (Vrad) is developed to describe the optical output, and thermal modeling is addressed through structure functions derived from transient thermal measurements. The approach enables accurate prediction of LED performance across varying currents and temperatures, with applications in thermal management and design optimization.
关键词： ideality factor,thermal management,structure function,LED modeling,radiant flux,forward voltage,saturation current,series resistance
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
[ASME ASME 2018 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems - San Francisco, California, USA (Monday 27 August 2018)] ASME 2018 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems - Next Gen Test-Vehicle to Simulate Thermal Load for IoT FPGA Applications
摘要： As semiconductor device feature size scales and circuit performance increases, power dissipation and thermal management are becoming very important. Attention to thermal considerations is required throughout the chip development cycle from preliminary architecture planning to deployment on customer board and beyond. This paper describes a versatile thermal test vehicle that can be used to address these requirements. We discuss the architecture and implementation of a specially designed test-vehicle chip, followed by its operation. The programmability and flexibility of this vehicle will be highlighted. In addition, we cover other usage of this vehicle which includes modelling of chip-level thermal behavior with different floorplan, simulating thermal loads in IoT FPGA applications, cross-calibrating thermal numerical simulators with measured silicon data and evaluating the thermal impact of different package form-factor / material (such as thermal interface material) and cooling solutions. The abovementioned chip was fabricated using 0.18um technology and assembled in a flip-chip package. The reminder of this evaluation system is a simple, inexpensive tester from which a software is run to program the chip and to measure the spatial & temporal temperature values. Measured thermal data from different use cases are presented in this paper.
关键词： on-chip temperature measurement,thermal management,package development,package-level thermal evaluation,on-die heating,IoT servers,on-die temperature sensing,characterization methodology,thermal evaluation tool
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52