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- 2018
- electromagnetic pulse
- cell proliferation
- cell membrane permeability
- cell response to electromagnetic stress
- apoptosis
- cancer therapy
- necrosis
- Intelligent Medical Engineering
- V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
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Charge-Transfer Character in Excimers of Perylenediimides Self-Assembled on Anodic Aluminum Oxide Membrane Walls
摘要： Chromophore aggregation strongly impacts the efficiency of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI)-based electron acceptors have been shown to be excellent alternatives to fullerenes in OPVs, provided their supramolecular assemblies do not form excimers. In order to study this phenomenon in a controlled fashion, we have prepared two PDI derivatives that were incorporated into an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane. In one system, the PDI molecule has an n-propyl silatrane attached to one of its imide nitrogens, while a 12-tricosanyl group is attached to the other imide nitrogen. The silatrane reacts with the AAO surface to covalently bind the PDI. The other PDI has 12-tricosanyl groups on both imide nitrogens, which intercalate with n-octadecylsilane chains covalently bound to an AAO membrane. Since aluminum oxide is a wide bandgap semiconductor, photoexcitation of PDI does not result in charge injection into the AAO membrane; thus, the intrinsic electronic properties of the aggregated PDI molecules within the membrane can be studied. Both PDI derivatives form excimers upon photoexcitation with and without solvent in the AAO membrane pores which display increasing charge transfer character with increasing solvent polarity. Since the AAO membrane allows for any choice of solvent to be infiltrated into its pores, the PDI photophysics can be modulated over an arbitrary range of solvent polarities, irrespective of whether PDI is soluble in a particular solvent. The results presented here show how to tune the intermolecular interactions of PDI and related rylene dyes attached to walls of the AAO pores to understand the intermediate regime between solution and the solid state.
关键词： Excimers,Anodic aluminum oxide membrane,Perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide),Chromophore aggregation,Charge transfer character,Organic photovoltaics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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N-glycosylation state of TRPM8 protein revealed by terahertz spectroscopy and molecular modelling
摘要： TRPM8 member of the TRP superfamily of membrane proteins participates to various cellular processes ranging from Ca2+ uptake and cold sensation to cellular proliferation and migration. TRPM8 is a large tetrameric protein with more than 70% of its residues located in the cytoplasm. TRPM8 is N-glycosylated, with a single site per subunit. This work focuses on the N-glycosylation of TRPM8 channel that was previously studied by our group in relation to proliferation and migration of tumoral cells. Here, experimental data performed with deglycosylating agents assess that the sole glycosylation site contains complex glycans with a molecular weight of 2.5 kDa. The glycosylation state of TRPM8 in cells untreated and treated with a deglycosylating agent was addressed with Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. Results show a clear difference between cells comprising glycosylated and deglycosylated TRPM8, the first presenting an increased THz absorption. Human TRPM8 was modelled using as templates the available TRPM8 and other TRPM channels structures. Glycosylations were modelled by considering two glycan structures with molecular weight close to the experiment: shorter and branched at the first sugar unit (glc1) and longer and unbranched (glc2). Simulation of THz spectra based on the molecular dynamics of unglycosylated and the two glycosylated TRPM8 models in lipid membrane and solvation box showed that glycan structure strongly influences the THz spectrum of the channel and of other components from the simulation system. Only spectra of TRPM8 with glc1 glycans were in agreement with the experiment, leading to the validation of glc1 glycan structure.
关键词： N-glycosylation,Terahertz spectroscopy,TRPM8,Molecular modelling,Membrane proteins
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Lattice Distortion in Hollow Multi‐shelled Structures for Efficient Visible Light CO2 Reduction with SnS2/SnO2 Junction
摘要： When nanoparticles interact with cellular or organelle membranes, the coating ligands are known to affect the integrity of the membranes, which regulate cell death and inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms of this modulation remain unresolved. Here, we use synchrotron X-ray liquid surface scattering and molecular dynamics simulations to study interface structures between phospholipids and gold nanorods (AuNRs) coated by surfactant and polyelectrolyte. These ligands are two types of widely used surface modification with different self-assembled structures and stabilities on the surface of nanoparticles. We reveal distinct mechanisms of the ligand stability in disrupting membrane integrity. We find that the cationic surfactant ligand cetyltrimethylammonium bromide detaches from the AuNRs and inserts into phospholipids, resulting in reduced membrane thickness by compressing the phospholipids the cationic polyelectrolyte ligand poly- ligand. Conversely, (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) is more stable on AuNRs; although it adsorbs onto the membrane, it does not cause much impairment. The distinct coating ligand interactions with phospholipids are further verified by cellular responses including impaired lysosomal membranes and triggered inflammatory effects in macrophages. Together, the quantitative analysis of interface structures elucidates key bio?nano interactions and highlights the importance of surface ligand stability for safety and rational design of nanoparticles.
关键词： phospholipid,X-ray liquid surface scattering,gold nanorod,membrane integrity,ligand stability
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Concept for a Gossamer solar power array using thin-film photovoltaics
摘要： In recent years, the German Aerospace Center (DLR) developed Gossamer deployment systems in different projects. As power requirements of spacecraft are getting more and more demanding, DLR recently focused on the development of new deployable photovoltaic (PV) technologies that are suitable for generating 10’s of kW per array. Possible space applications that may also require high power supply are missions using electric propulsion such as interplanetary missions, placing of geostationary (GEO) satellites in their orbit or even more future oriented as space tugs or lightweight power generation on extra-terrestrial infrastructures. The paper gives an overview about a feasibility study for flexible solar arrays based on new thin-film photovoltaics. It is expected that the combination of new thin-film PV technologies, e.g., copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) cells or gallium–arsenide (GaAs) cells, together with Gossamer deployment technologies, could significantly increase the power availability for spacecraft. Based on a requirement, analysis system concepts were evaluated. A focus is on the potential of CIGS PV combined with a two-dimensional deployment of the array and DLR’s coilable carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) booms. Therefore, a concept based on crossed booms with a foldable PV membrane is considered as baseline for further developments. The array consists of rectangular PV generators that are interconnected by flexible printed circuit board (PCB) harness. By a double-folding technique, these generators are laid on top of each other in such that the membrane can be extracted from its stowing box during the deployment in a controlled manner. Considering constantly increasing efficiencies of the CIGS PV combined with Gossamer structures, there is clear potential of reaching a very high specific power value exceeding that of conventional PV systems. Furthermore, the CIGS PV appears to be more radiation resistant and has already reached more than 21% efficiency in laboratories. Such efficiencies are expected to be achieved in the near future in a standard manufacturing process. However, flexible, thin-film GaAs cells are also subject of consideration within GoSolAr. With this prospect, DLR’s research has the goal to develop a Gossamer Solar Array (GoSolAr) to exploit the described potential.
关键词： Deployable structure,Membrane structure,Solar array,Thin-film photovoltaic,Deployment system
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Solution-processable ZnO/3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane hybrid cathode interlayer for non-fullerene organic solar cells
摘要： Celastrol (CLT)-loaded PEG?PLGA nanoparticles (NPs/CLT) coated with neutrophil membranes (NNPs/CLT) were explored for the management of acute pancreatitis (AP). PEG?PLGA nanoparticles sized around 150 nm were proven to selectively accumulate in the pancreas in rats with AP. NNPs were found to overcome the blood?pancreas barrier and specifically distributed to the pancreatic tissues. Moreover, NNPs showed more selective accumulation in the pancreas than nanoparticles without any membrane coating in AP rats. Compared to CLT solution and the NPs/CLT group, NNPs/CLT significantly downregulated the levels of serum amylase and pancreatic myeloperoxidase in AP rats. Also, using NNPs as the delivery vehicle significantly reduced the systemic toxicity of CLT in AP rats. Together, these results suggest that NNPs/CLT represent a highly promising delivery vehicle for the targeted therapy of AP.
关键词： neutrophil membrane,acute pancreatitis,PEG?PLGA nanoparticles,celastrol
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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SRRF-stream imaging of optogenetically controlled furrow formation shows localized and coordinated endocytosis and exocytosis mediating membrane remodeling
摘要： Cleavage furrow formation during cytokinesis involves extensive membrane remodeling. In the absence of methods to exert dynamic control over these processes, it has been a challenge to examine the basis of this remodeling. Here we used a subcellular optogenetic approach to induce this at will and found that furrow formation is mediated by actomyosin contractility, retrograde plasma membrane flow, localized decrease in membrane tension and endocytosis. FRAP, 4-D imaging and inhibition or upregulation of endocytosis or exocytosis show that ARF6 and Exo70 dependent localized exocytosis supports a potential model for intercellular bridge elongation. TIRF and Super Resolution Radial Fluctuation (SRRF) stream microscopy show localized VAMP2-mediated exocytosis and incorporation of membrane lipids from vesicles into the plasma membrane at the front edge of the nascent daughter cell. Thus, spatially separated but coordinated plasma membrane depletion and addition are likely contributors to membrane remodeling during cytokinetic processes.
关键词： SRRF-stream,optogenetics,Cleavage furrow,membrane remodeling,endocytosis,exocytosis
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Combined Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery and 27-Gauge Transconjunctival Sutureless Vitrectomy
摘要： Purpose. To report the outcomes of combined surgery using femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and sutureless 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with intravitreal tamponade. Methods. This retrospective clinical study involved 23 eyes of 23 patients on whom combined vitreoretinal surgery was performed. Patients were initially given the femtosecond laser treatment that was performed after selection of capsulotomy and lens fragmentation patterns. The capsulotomy diameter was chosen as 4.9 mm in all patients. After the femtosecond laser, the sutureless phacovitrectomy procedure was performed. At the end of surgery, perfluoropropane or sterile air tamponade was applied. Results. The mean age of patients was 66.43 ± 7.61 (range, 54–83) years. Fifteen patients were females (65.2%). The mean follow-up was 16.09 ± 4.71 (range, 9–25) months. The most common surgical indication was epiretinal membrane (65.3%). The mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.71 ± 0.44 (range, 1.7–0.3) logMAR, and the mean postoperative BCVA at 6 months was 0.16 ± 0.14 (range, 0.4–0) logMAR (p < 0.001). The mean target sphere refractive error was ?0.24 ± 0.16 (range, ?0.50–0.11) D, and the mean postoperative spherical equivalent refractive error was ?0.14 ± 0.39 (range, ?1.00–0.50) D at 6 months (p = 0.196). All intraocular lenses (IOLs) remained well centered in the capsular bag during surgery and follow-up. There was no iris capture, posterior synechiae, capsular opacification, or pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. The only complication related to femtosecond laser was two cases of subconjunctival haemorrhage related with suction. Conclusions. FLACS is a safe and effective technique providing the advantage of repeatable, precise capsulorhexis shape and size to achieve a well-centered and stable IOL postoperatively. These advantages can certainly improve the results of vitrectomy, especially in gas-filled eyes. FLACS and 27-gauge sutureless combined surgery may be a future trend in appropriate cases.
关键词： phacovitrectomy,epiretinal membrane,intravitreal tamponade,femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery,27-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Grafted PEO polymeric ionic liquid nanocomposite electrospun membrane for efficient and stable dye sensitized solar cell
摘要： An innovative polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) was synthesized by covalently grafting vinyl imidazolium iodide and methyl methacrylate onto poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO). Synthesised tungsten oxide nanoparticles (WO3NPs) were incorporated into the PIL solution and a polymer nanocomposite fibrous membrane (PVIM-W) was fabricated by electrospinning. This was used as a functional electrolyte for quasi solid state dye sensitized solar cell ((QSS-DSSC). The structure and morphology of the membranes and its physical characteristics as electrolytes were studied. The SEM images showed formation of uniform and beadless nanofibers. Photovoltaic and electrochemical effects of all the electrolytes have been examined. PVIM-W membrane exhibited superior power conversion efficiency (η) of 7.2% and better stability (up to 94.4% of its initial conversion efficiency after 500 h) when compared to the cell with the liquid electrolyte (η= 6.85%) and the ungrafted PEO membrane. This novel PVIM-W membrane based electrolyte shows great prospect for development of efficient and stable QSS-DSSC.
关键词： polymeric ionic liquid,poly (ethylene oxide),Dye sensitized solar cell,electrolyte,electrospun membrane
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Influence of osmolytes on the stability of thylakoid‐based dye‐sensitized solar cells
摘要： In recent years, there has been considerable interest in incorporating naturally occurring components of the photosynthetic apparatus into man‐made solar cells, because of the high quantum efficiency of photosynthetic reaction centers. One hurdle to overcome regarding the use of native membranes in these devices is their limited lifespans. In this study, we used stabilizers to increase the long‐term viability of biomolecules in vitro, thereby alleviating this challenge. In this regard, it is known that osmolytes, such as glycine betaine (GB) and sucrose, preserve photosynthetic activity in isolated photosystems. Upon investigation of the thermal protection properties of GB and sucrose in thylakoid‐based dye‐sensitized solar cells, we report that the addition of GB and sucrose to the thylakoid photosensitizer maintains nonzero photocurrent in the thylakoid‐based solar cell upon heating to 50°C. At 50°C, the GB‐containing cell displayed about a fourfold increase in photocurrent than the control cell, in which the photocurrent was decreased to nearly zero. The addition of 0.5M and 1M sucrose has respectively caused nearly 40% and 70% increases in photoinduced electron transfer activity over the control at 35°С. Similarly, though to a lesser extent, 1M GB caused an approximate 40% increase in electron transfer activity as well. Moving forward, this approach will be extended to alternative membrane protein isolation strategies, allowing for an accurate comparison with traditional detergent‐isolated complexes, with the ultimate goal of developing a cost‐effective and sustainable solar cell.
关键词： solar cell,stabilization,thylakoid membrane,sucrose,glycine betaine
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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<p>Filter-Membrane-Based Ultrafiltration Coupled with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Potential Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumors from Blood Plasma</p>
摘要： The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance and feasibility of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with a filter membrane and advanced multivariate data analysis on identifying and differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors from blood plasma. We proposed a membrane filter SERS technology for the differentiation between benign thyroid tumor and thyroid cancer. That is to say, by using filter membranes with optimal pore size, the blood plasma samples from thyroid tumor patients were pretreated with the macromolecular proteins being filtered out prior to SERS measurement. The SERS spectra of blood plasma ultrafiltrate obtained using filter membranes from 102 patients with thyroid tumors (70 thyroid cancers and 32 benign thyroid tumors) were then analyzed and compared. Two multivariate statistical analyses, principal component analysis-linear discriminate and Lasso-partial least squares-discriminant analysis (Lasso-PLS-DA), were performed on the SERS spectral data after background subtraction and normalization, as well as the first derivative processing, to analyze and compare the differential diagnosis of benign thyroid tumors and thyroid cancer. SERS measurements were performed in blood plasma acquired from a total of 102 thyroid tumor patients (benign thyroid tumor N=32; thyroid cancer N=70). By using filter membranes, the macromolecular proteins in blood plasma were effectively filtered out to yield high-quality SERS spectra. 84.3% discrimination accuracy between benign and malignant thyroid tumor was achieved using PCA-LDA method, while Lasso-PLS-DA yields a discrimination accuracy of 90.2%. Our results demonstrate that SERS spectroscopy, coupled with ultrafiltration and multivariate analysis has the potential of providing a non-invasive, rapid, and objective detection and differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid tumors.
关键词： thyroid tumor,silver nanoparticles,filter membrane,blood plasma,surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59