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- 摘要
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- 实验方案
- 产品
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Ergonomic aspects in the design of instrumentation for ophthalmic microsurgery; Aspekte der Ergonomie bei der Gestaltung von Instrumenten der ophthalmologischen Mikrochirurgie;
摘要： The following report introduces two projects, dealing about ergonomics in ophthalmic microsurgery. The first project is devoted to the development of a method, by means of which the design of microsurgical instrumentation is evaluated quantitatively. Developed method particularly considers conditions of instrument use as found in microsurgical practice. In a first attempt, the method was validated using laypersons. In the second project, various measures are introduced aiming to improve the posture of the surgeon during the microsurgery. One of the measures consists in using a large 3D-monitor to present the microscopic image to the surgeon instead of viewing the image through the oculars of a traditional microscope. The measure therefore enables a more relaxed posture of the surgeon. In addition, a chair was developed, considering to support the surgeon's posture when operating using the 3D-monitor or the traditional microscope while performing the microsurgery. Practical relevance. The method suggested in the first project closes a gap in product design as it provides developers with a quantitative, objective and ecologic valid methods for evaluating designs of microsurgical instrumentation. The measures presented in the second project will contribute to reduce postural complaints of the surgeon caused by microsurgical interventions.
关键词： ophthalmology,posture,product ergonomics,3D-visualization,microsurgery,fine motor control
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC) - Berlin, Germany (2019.7.23-2019.7.27)] 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Dynamic Activation Patterns of the Motor Brain Revealed by Diffuse Optical Tomography <sup>*</sup>
摘要： Diffuse optical tomography (DOT), a subset of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), is a noninvasive functional imaging modality for studying the human brain in normal and diseased conditions. It measures changes in concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood vasculature of the brain. In contrast to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the gold standard in human brain imaging, DOT offers the advantage of higher temporal resolution, portability, lower cost, multiple contrasts and usability for persons who cannot otherwise utilize MRI-based imaging modalities, including bedridden patients and infants, etc. The goal of the present study was to evaluate performance of a DOT method in studying dynamic patterns of brain activations involving motor control. CW-fNIRS data were acquired in four sessions from a healthy male participant when he performed a motor task in a block-design experiment. Results from experimental data showed pronounced activity in the primary motor cortex (M1), contralateral to the clenching hand. It was further observed that the M1 activity was consistent over four sessions. Furthermore, temporal dynamics of motor activity at each session further revealed well-sequenced activation patterns among M1, premotor cortex (PMC), and supplementary motor area (SMA). Timed ipsilateral motor activity suppression was also observed several seconds after the onset of contralateral M1 activity. More importantly, these temporal dynamics were similarly observed in all four sessions. These preliminary results suggest that the DOT method has the sensitivity, reliability, and spatio-temporal resolutions to study activities originated from the motor cortices. A full-scope evaluation and validation in more participants on the motor system can establish it as a promising neuroimaging tool to study, such as, infants at the risk of cerebral palsy or elders with Parkinson’s due to its portability and usability in clinical environments.
关键词： functional near-infrared spectroscopy,motor control,Diffuse optical tomography,brain activations,neuroimaging
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59