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Laser Moxibustion Alleviates Knee Osteoarthritis Pain by Inhibiting Spinal Microglial Activation-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Rats
摘要： Background: Central sensitization driven by glial activation-mediated neuroinflammation is recognized as a key mechanism in pain processing. Laser moxibustion using low-intensity laser irradiation of corresponding acupoints significantly relieves knee osteoarthritis (KOA) pain. However, the underlying mechanism of its effects on KOA pain is still not completely understood. Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether laser moxibustion could alleviate KOA pain by inhibiting spinal glial activation and proinflammatory cytokines upregulation in monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced KOA pain in rats. Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into three groups: Saline + Sham Laser, MIA + Laser, and MIA + Sham Laser. A 10.6 lm laser was used to irradiate ST35 (Dubi) for 10 min once every 2 days for a total of seven applications. The paw withdrawal mechanical threshold and weight-bearing distribution were performed to evaluate the nociceptive behaviors. Spinal expressions of microglial marker, ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1); astrocyte marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-1b (IL-1b), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured 14 days after MIA injection. Results: The results showed that laser moxibustion significantly reversed the MIA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and weight-bearing difference up to 14 days compared with MIA + Sham Laser group ( p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Moreover, both the protein level and immunofluorescence intensity of Iba-1 in the ipsilateral spinal cord dorsal horn were markedly decreased in the MIA + Laser group than those in the MIA + Sham Laser group ( p < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the expression of GFAP between groups ( p > 0.05). In addition, laser moxibustion decreased the upregulation of TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-6 compared with the MIA + Sham Laser group ( p < 0.01). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that laser moxibustion at ST35 significantly alleviated MIA-induced KOA pain through inhibition of the microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation, at least partially, by suppressing the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which may provide a potential analgesic target for KOA pain relief.
关键词： glial activation,knee osteoarthritis pain,laser moxibustion,neuroinflammation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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The Effects of Laser Moxibustion on Knee Osteoarthritis Pain in Rats
摘要： Background: Although chronic pain affects the quality of life of patients with osteoarthritis, current medical treatments are either ineffective or have long-term side effects. Recently, low-intensity laser irradiation of corresponding acupoints was demonstrated to alleviate pain. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 10.6 lm laser moxibustion on a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced knee osteoarthritis pain model. Methods: Thirty-two rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Saline, MIA, MIA+Laser, and MIA+Sham Laser. The 10.6 lm laser was used to irradiate the ST35 for 10 min once a day for a total of seven applications. The paw withdrawal mechanical threshold and weight-bearing difference were performed to evaluate the analgesic effects of laser moxibustion. At the end of the experiment on days 28, the joint histology, the levels of metalloproteinases-13 (MMP-13) in the cartilage, and TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-6 in the synovial membrane were measured to determine the chondroprotection and anti-in?ammatory effect of laser moxibustion. Results: Early laser moxibustion signi?cantly reversed the MIA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and weight-bearing difference, especially on the 28th day ( p < 0.001). Moreover, laser moxibustion prevented the articular pathological lesions and cartilage destruction on days 28 ( p < 0.01). Remarkably, the levels of cartilage MMP-13, and synovial TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-6 also decreased on day 28 ( p < 0.05) after the early treatment of laser moxibustion. Conclusions: 10.6 lm laser moxibustion may have long-lasting analgesic, anti-in?ammatory, and chondroprotection effects, suggesting that it may emerge as a potential therapeutic strategy for the chronic pain treatment of osteoarthritis.
关键词： chronic pain,knee osteoarthritis,laser moxibustion
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Effects of infrared laser moxibustion on cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer survivors
摘要： Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common and distressing symptom associated with cancer treatment that breast cancer survivors (BCS) experience. We previously found that laser moxibustion may be ef?cacious for CRF. The primary aim of this study is to determine the speci?c ef?cacy of 10.6 mm infrared laser moxibustion on CRF. The secondary aim is to evaluate the effect of infrared laser moxibustion on co-existing symptoms that BCS experience. Methods: We will conduct a randomized, sham-controlled, three-arm trial of infrared laser moxibustion (ILM) against sham ILM (SILM) and waitlist control (WLC) among BCS with moderate to severe fatigue. The two intervention groups will receive either real or sham infrared laser moxibustion on four acupoints (i.e., ST36 [bilateral], CV4, and CV6) for 20 minutes each session for 6 weeks (twice per week). The primary endpoint is the change in fatigue score from Baseline to Week 6 as measured by the Chinese version of the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI-C). Our secondary aim is to compare the severity of co-morbidities (e.g., depression, insomnia, and pain) among the 3 groups. Discussion: The results of our trial will establish evidence for the ef?cacy of infrared laser moxibustion for CRF, a very common and challenging symptom.
关键词： breast cancer,moxibustion,infrared laser,cancer-related fatigue,cancer survivor,acupuncture
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04