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Surface modification of sputter deposited γ-WO3 thin film for scaled electrochromic behaviour
摘要： In this research work, the synthesis and the electrochromic (EC) performance of the active material (γ-WO3) is reported. Nanoporous γ-WO3 thin ?lm was grown directly on the indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate using DC magnetron sputtering in a reactive environment (Ar:O2 = 2:1) at room temperature (RT). To achieve the nanoporous-nanocrystalline behaviour of the active material, a thermal treatment (250 °C) was given, which modi?ed the compact ?lm surface into nanospheres. This surface modi?cation is responsible to alter the physical, optical and electrochromic properties of the active material. The physical properties of the active material were probed in detail using X-ray di?raction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The optical and electrochromic behaviour of the active electrode material was analyzed using UV–Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV). It has been found that the modi?ed electrode exhibited large optical modulation (46%), high reversible redox behaviour (higher current density) and good cyclic stability at least upto 500 cycles, causes scaled EC behaviour. This electrochemically active architecture allow one to fabricate the device for energy harvesting applications. Our work indorse human comfort with ?nancial bene?ts and may play a crucial role in “green nanotechnology”.
关键词： Transmittance,WO3 thin ?lms,Sputtering,Nanoporous,Electrochromism
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Waikoloa Village, HI (2018.6.10-2018.6.15)] 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Opto-electrical Properties of GaN/Si Nanoheterostructure Array Device
摘要： A GaN/Si nanoheterostructure array was synthesized using the functional substrate of silicon nanoporous pillar array (Si-NPA) by CVD method. An n-GaN nanocolumnar/p-Si nanocrystalline nanoheterojuction array solar cell was fabricated and the GaN nanocolumnar grew along the [0001] direction. The device has an average integrated reflection of ~4.79% at the range of 300-1200 nm. The solar cell showed a Voc of 0.82 V, a Jsc of 23.21 mA, a FF of 38.3% and a maximum power conversion efficiency of 7.29%. The results provide a new conception of mass-nanoheterojuctions for photovoltaic filed.
关键词： Solar cells,Gallium nitride (GaN),Nanoheterostructure array,Silicon nanoporous pillar array (Si-NPA)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Free-standing nanoporous gold for direct plasmon enhanced electro-oxidation of alcohol molecules
摘要： Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) excitation enhanced chemical and electrochemical reactions represent a promising pathway for solar-to-chemical energy conversion. However, plasmonic catalysts usually suffer from low collection efficiency of hot charge carries generated by LSPR excitation due to short lifetime of hot carriers and fast electron-hole recombination. Schottky barriers between plasmonic catalysts and semiconducting supports have been utilized to prevent the electron-hole recombination. However, the interfacial barriers also hinder low-energy hot charge collection and thus affect solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency. Here we report that bicontinuous nanoporous gold as a Schottky barriers-free direct plasmonic catalyst can significantly enhance electro-oxidation of alcohol molecules. A high energetic hole yield of 0.486% is achieved, which is 4 times higher than that of discrete plasmonic AuAg nanoparticles. The direct plasmonic catalyst offers the highest methanol oxidation current density of 531 μA cm-2 among all known Au catalysts. This work provides compelling evidence that higher hot carrier collection efficiency can be achieved from direct plasmonic electrocatalysis without the assistance of Schottky junctions and has important implications in developing high efficiency plasmonic catalysts for photo-enhanced electrochemical reactions.
关键词： localized surface plasmon resonance,methanol oxidation reaction,nanoporous gold,electrocatalysis,Schottky barriers-free
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Molecularly imprinted photonic hydrogel sensor for optical detection of L-histidine
摘要： A molecularly imprinted photonic hydrogel (MIPH) is described for the optical determination of L-histidine (L-His). The inverse opal structure of MIPH was obtained by placing silica particles (230 nm) in molecularly imprinted polymer on a glass slide. After being fully etched by hydrofluoric acid, this inverse opal structure brings about a high specific surface and plentiful binding sites for L-His. If L-His is absorbed by the modified MIPH, its average effective refraction coefficient is increased. This causes the Bragg diffraction peak to be red-shifted by about 34 nm as the concentration of L-His increases from 0 to 100 nM. Much smaller diffraction peak shifts are obtained for other amino acids. The detection limit of this method is 10 pM. The response time towards L-His is as short as 60 s. In addition, the sensor can be recovered by treatment with 0.1 M acetic acid/methanol. It was applied to the determination of L-His in drinks sample.
关键词： Inverse opal structure,St?ber method,Nanoporous materials,Photonic crystal array,UV curing,Bragg diffraction peak,Hydrogen bonding,Reflection spectrum
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A Rapid, Label-free and Impedimetric DNA Sensor Based on PNA-modified Nanoporous Gold Electrode
摘要： A gold nanoparticle film was successfully prepared on highly ordered and porous anodic aluminum oxide substrate through thermal evaporation deposition technique. As-fabricated nanoporous gold electrode modified by thiol-derivative peptide nucleic acid (PNA) was applied for impedimetric DNA sensing. In-situ kinetic analysis of PNA/DNA hybridization process was realized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. Considering the special structure of nanoporous gold electrode, a new equivalent circuit model was proposed for EIS data fitting. The sensitivity of PNA-modified nanoporous gold electrode is 0.4 Ω/cm2·nM. Meanwhile, complementary DNA target could be detected at concentration as low as 10 nM, which indicating that a methodology for rapid, sensitive and label-free detection of DNA has been set-up based on nanoporous gold electrode.
关键词： DNA sensing,nanoporous gold electrode,peptide nucleic acid,anodic aluminum oxide
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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3D-FDTD modelling of optical biosensing based on gold-coated nanoporous anodic alumina
摘要： The suitability of using gold-coated nanoporous anodic alumina structures as a platform for reflectometry-based plasmonic biosensors is investigated by numerical simulation. Reflectance spectra of such structures has been obtained using 3D-FDTD while the sensing capabilities have been evaluated as the change in spectra upon the adsorption of a layer of a biological-related molecule (biolayer) on the gold coating and inner pore surface. Results show that the gold-coated nanoporous structure enables the coupling of normally incident light to a localized surface plasmon resonance, and that such resonance shifts upon the adsorption of the biolayer. A sensitivity can be defined as the resonance wavelength shift with the biolayer refractive index. It is demonstrated that smaller gold coating thicknesses result in an increase in sensitivity, but at the cost of a decrease in the resonance sharpness, what suggests the existence of an optimal gold coating thickness.
关键词： Gold-coated nanoporous anodic alumina,Biolayer,FDTD simulation,Reflectometry-based plasmonic biosensor
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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The Surface and Interface Engineering Multi-Layered Nanopore Films for Enhanced Fabry-Pérot Interferences
摘要： In this study, a broadly-tunable nanoporous thin film system with alternating layers of Ag/indium tin oxide (ITO)/CoFeB/ITO/Ag, which was fabricated on a porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) substrate, was presented, so as to achieve the flexible tailoring of the Fabry-Pérot interference. The experimental results demonstrated that the amplitude of the Fabry-Pérot interference of this system, which had only an Ag layer deposited on the AAO substrate, was 12 times higher than that of pure AAO film, aside from the tunable oscillation periods. This was mainly due to the fact that the Ag mirror greatly improved the reflectivity of the air/AAO interface, rendering the intensities of light reflected from the air/AAO and AAO/Al interfaces comparable, thereby forming an effective interference enhancement. Furthermore, the existence of the ferromagnetic CoFeB layer was capable of significantly improving the absorbance in the ultraviolet and visible spectral ranges, and, in particularly, the oscillation ranges could be extended to the near-infrared spectral range (> 2,600 nm) by utilizing an ITO with lower conductivity as a spacer layer, due to its material dispersion which was approximately equal to zero. This new nanoporous thin film system represents a powerful tool for the future development of ultrasensitive optical devices based on the Fabry-Pérot interference and investigation of many interesting physical phenomena.
关键词： Ag/ITO/CoFeB/ITO/Ag layers,Hybrid Materials,Magnetic,Plasmonics,AAO substrate,Fabry-Pérot interference,Nanoporous thin film,Optical
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Light Emission by Nanoporous GaN Produced by a Top-Down, Nonlithographical Nanopatterning
摘要： Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is carried out to probe radiative recombination and related light emission processes in two-dimensional periodic close-packed nanopore arrays in gallium nitride (np-GaN). The arrays were produced by nonlithographic nanopatterning of wurtzite GaN followed by a dry etching. The results of Raman spectroscopy point to a small relaxation of the compressive stress of ~0.24 GPa in nanoporous vs. bulk GaN. At ~300 K, the PL emission is induced by excitons and not free-carrier interband radiative recombinations. An evolution of the emission spectra with T is con?rmed to be mainly a result of a decay of nonexcitonic PL emission and less of spectral shifts of the underlying PL bands. A switching of excitonic PL regime observed experimentally was analyzed within the exciton recombination-generation framework. The study provides new insights into the behaviors and physical mechanisms regulating light emission processes in np-GaN, critical to the development of nano-opto-electronic devices based on mesoscopic GaN.
关键词： photoluminescence,nonlithographic nanopatterning,Raman spectroscopy,nanoporous GaN,excitonic emission
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Thermo‐sensitive nanogel‐laden bicontinuous microemulsion drug‐eluting contact lenses
摘要： The bicontinuous microemulsion contact lens (BMCL) has nanoporous biphasic structures (100–250 nm) that are interconnected via multiple nano-channels, providing suitable retention of various drugs for glaucoma. Timolol maleate (TM)-carried poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) nanogel (30–50 nm) was incorporated into BMCLs by soaking or by centrifuging plus soaking. Here, we present drug-loading and release in silicon- or polyethylene oxide-microemulsion BMCLs under various conditions. Nanoporous BMCLs containing thermosensitive TM-laden nanogel were capable of potent body-temperature-triggered release of TM. Daily drug release was controllable according to the initial volume of drug-loaded (VDL) and loading method for sustained drug release, making them reduce drug-loss during transportation or storage.
关键词： temperature-triggered drug release,sustained drug release,bicontinuous microemulsion,drug delivery,nanoporous contact lens,drug-eluting contact lens
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Quantitative Characterization of Optical Coupling in Nanoporous ZnO-WO <sub/>3</sub> and ZnO-PEDOT Composite Electrodeposited Gratings using Electrodiffraction Measurements
摘要： In order to quantitatively characterize the optical coupling between ZnO (a high refractive index, but non-absorptive material) and an electrochromic material (either tungsten oxide (WO3) or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)), electrodiffractive and electrochromic properties were investigated from a novel two-component composite nanostructured electrodeposited grating that incorporated both ZnO and either WO3 or PEDOT. The sequential electrodeposition of these two materials through a photopatterned photoresist layer onto a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate created a grating structure that exhibited optical diffraction that could be modulated electrochemically. SEM images of the electrochromic gratings revealed that the ZnO electrodeposition created a high surface area nanostructured thin film. The nanostructured ZnO is non-absorbing, but its high refractive index and large surface area redirect light into the electrochromic grating and create a four-fold enhancement in the grating’s electrodiffractive response.
关键词： optical coupling,nanoporous,ZnO-PEDOT,electrodeposited gratings,ZnO-WO3,electrodiffraction measurements
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14