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Oxidative stress generated by irradiation of a zinc(II) phthalocyanine induces a dual apoptotic and necrotic response in melanoma cells
摘要： Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin carcinoma, highly resistant to traditional therapies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive therapeutic procedure that can exert a selective cytotoxic activity toward malignant cells. In this work we evaluated the effect of a cationic zinc(II) phthalocyanine (Pc13) as photosensitizer on a panel of melanoma cells. Incubation with Pc13 and irradiation induced a concentration and light dose-dependent phototoxicity. In order to study the mechanism underlying Pc13-related cell death and to compare the effect of different doses of PDT, the most sensitive melanoma B16F0 cells were employed. By confocal imaging we showed that Pc13 targeted lysosomes and mitochondria. After irradiation, a marked increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species was observed and a complete protection from Pc13 phototoxicity was reached in the presence of the antioxidant trolox. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining showed morphological changes indicative of both apoptosis and necrosis. Biochemical hallmarks of apoptosis, including a significant decrease in the expression levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bid and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, were observed at short times post irradiation. The consequent release of cytochrome c to cytosol and caspase-3 activation led to PARP-1 cleavage and DNA fragmentation. Simultaneously, a dose dependent increase of lactate dehydrogenase in the extracellular compartment of treated cells revealed plasma membrane damage characteristic of necrosis. Taken together, these results indicate that a dual apoptotic and necrotic response is triggered by Pc13 PDT-induced oxidative stress, suggesting that combined mechanisms of cell death could result in a potent alternative for melanoma treatment.
关键词： Necrosis,Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization,Apoptosis,Reactive oxygen species,Photodynamic therapy,Cationic phthalocyanine
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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IPSI vs CONTRA TRAMa??Old Doubts New Answers: Evaluation TRAM Flap Survival with Static and Active Dynamic Thermography in Pedicled Flap Breast Reconstruction
摘要： Breast reconstruction is increasingly being considered as the next step in breast cancer treatment. There are many ways to recreate a new breast mound. In current times, the trend for breast reconstruction is reconstruction microsurgery which is the method of choice, but newcomers should know the alternative traditional methods. Since 1982 the pedicled TRAM (trans rectus abdominal myocutaneous) flap has become one of the most popular autologous tissue breast reconstruction procedures. It has also been debated for many years which method of transferring the tissue island is more reliable and has fewer complications—IPSI vs CONTRA [1]. The reasons for complications are the manner of twisting the nourishing blood supply and the tension due to the distance of the pedicle in both procedures [2]. Static thermography and dynamic thermography seem to provide the solution. In our experiment, we measured the medial surface temperature of flaps using static thermography and active dynamic thermography. The results were compared against the number of flap failures in each type of reconstruction. The study was conducted on a group of 20 female patients who underwent breast reconstruction.
关键词： Breast reconstruction,Active dynamic thermography,Thermography,Flap survival,TRAM flap,Flap necrosis,Skin necrosis
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Lessons Learned in Using Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Treatment of Brain Tumors: A Case Series of 238 Patients from a Single Institution
摘要： Background: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a novel, minimally invasive alternative to craniotomy, and as with any new technology, comes with a learning curve. Objective: We present our experience detailing the evolution of this technology in our practice in one of the largest patient cohorts to date regarding LITT in neuro-oncology. Methods: We reviewed 238 consecutive brain tumor patients treated with LITT at our institution. Data on patient, surgery and tumor characteristics, and follow-up were collected. Patients were categorized into two cohorts: Early (<2014, 100 patients) and Recent (>2015, 138 patients). Median follow up for the entire cohort was 8.4 months. Results: The indications for LITT included gliomas (70.2%), radiation necrosis (21.0%), and metastasis (8.8%). Patient demographics stayed consistent between the two cohorts, with the exception of age (Early: 54.3, Recent: 58.4, p=0.04). Operative time (6.6 versus 3.5, p<0.001) and number of trajectories (53.1% versus 77.9% with 1 trajectory, p<0.001) also decreased in the Recent cohort. There was a significant decrease in permanent motor deficits over time (15.5 versus 4.4%, p=0.005) and 30-day mortality (4.1% versus 1.5%) also decreased (not statistically significant) in Recent cohort. In terms of clinical outcomes, poor preoperative KPS (≤70) were significantly correlated with increased permanent deficits (p=0.001) and decreased overall survival (p<0.001 for all time points). Conclusions: We observed improvement in operative efficiency and permanent deficits over time and also patients with poor preoperative KPS achieved suboptimal outcomes with LITT. As many other treatment modalities, patient selection is very important in this procedure.
关键词： Stereotactic Laser Ablation,Radiation Necrosis,Tumor,Glioblastoma,Glioma,Minimally-Invasive
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Radical Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy Ablation Volumes Increase Progression-Free Survival in Biopsy-Proven Radiation Necrosis
摘要： Radical Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy Ablation Volumes Increase Progression-Free Survival in Biopsy-Proven Radiation Necrosis
关键词： oncology,brain tumor,radiation necrosis,brain metastasis,progression free survival,Laser interstitial thermal therapy,post-radiation treatment effects
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Predictors of Local Control of Brain Metastasis Treated With Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy
摘要： BACKGROUND: Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) has been used to treat recurrent brain metastasis after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Little is known about how best to assess the efficacy of treatment, specifically the ability of LITT to control local tumor progression post-SRS. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive factors associated with local recurrence after LITT. METHODS: Retrospective study with consecutive patients with brain metastases treated with LITT. Based on radiological aspects, lesions were divided into progressive disease after SRS (recurrence or radiation necrosis) and new lesions. Primary endpoint was time to local recurrence. RESULTS: A total of 61 consecutive patients with 82 lesions (5 newly diagnosed, 46 recurrence, and 31 radiation necrosis). Freedom from local recurrence at 6 mo was 69.6%, 59.4% at 12, and 54.7% at 18 and 24 mo. Incompletely ablated lesions had a shorter median time for local recurrence (P < .001). Larger lesions (>6 cc) had shorter time for local recurrence (P = .03). Dural-based lesions showed a shorter time to local recurrence (P = .01). Tumor recurrence/newly diagnosed had shorter time to local recurrence when compared to RN lesions (P = .01). Patients receiving systemic therapy after LITT had longer time to local recurrence (P = .01). In multivariate Cox-regression model, the HR for incomplete ablated lesions was 4.88 (P < .001), 3.12 (P = .03) for recurrent tumors, and 2.56 (P = .02) for patients not receiving systemic therapy after LITT. Complication rate was 26.2%. CONCLUSION: Incompletely ablated and recurrent tumoral lesions were associated with higher risk of treatment failure and were the major predicting factors for local recurrence. Systemic therapy after LITT was a protective factor regarding local recurrence.
关键词： LITT,Brain metastasis,Radiation necrosis,Stereotactic radiosurgery
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Fibrin glue to manage flap necrosis secondary to late-onset infectious keratitis after laser in?situ karatomileusis
摘要： A 52-year-old man developed flap necrosis secondary to late-onset infectious keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. Management involved a flap lift and irrigation of the interface with fortified antibiotics. The flap was then replaced, and fibrin glue was placed at the flap edges and over the necrotic area to seal it completely. Two months after surgery, the corrected distance visual acuity was 20/20 and a slitlamp examination showed no signs of infection. Localized flap necrosis can be adequately managed with fibrin glue, including in cases of herpes simplex virus keratitis.
关键词： fibrin glue,infectious keratitis,flap necrosis,herpes simplex virus,laser in situ keratomileusis
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy to the Posterior Fossa: Challenges and Nuances
摘要： Objective: Posterior fossa tumors are rare in adults and pose a challenge to treat due to the bony contour of the posterior fossa, complex anatomical structures including deep venous sinuses, and the proximity of the fourth ventricle and brain stem. We describe our experience with LITT for the management of brain metastases and radiation necrosis of the posterior fossa. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 13 patients with metastases and radiation necrosis of the posterior fossa managed with LITT. Results: Thirteen patients with histopathologically-confirmed radiation necrosis (n = 5) and metastases (n = 8) of the posterior fossa underwent LITT. The median preoperative tumor and postoperative ablation cavity volume was 4.66 cm3 and 6.29 cm3, respectively. The median volume of the ablation cavity decreased to 2.90 cm3 at 9-month follow-up. The median volume of peritumoral edema was 12.25 cm3 which fell to a median 5.77 cm3 at one-month follow-up. Median progression-free survival was 7 months (range 3 – 14 months) from LITT. The mean overall survival (OS) was 40 months (range 2 – 49 months). There were no intraoperative complications. One patient experienced palsy of the seventh and eighth cranial nerves on follow-up, attributable to LITT. Conclusion: Lesions of the posterior fossa are challenging to treat given their proximity to the dura and venous sinuses. We demonstrate that LITT ablation may be a safe and feasible option for metastases and radiation necrosis of the posterior fossa. Larger studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of this approach.
关键词： Brain Metastases,Posterior Fossa,Deep-Seated Tumor,Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy,Radiation Necrosis
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Controllable Interlayer Charge and Energy Transfer in Perovskite Quantum Dots/ Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Heterostructures
摘要： Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) acts through its receptor fibroblast growth factor inducible 14 (Fn14), and participates in skin inflammation. Both TWEAK and Fn14 are highly expressed in skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis. The purpose of this study was to further explore the effect of Fn14 inhibition on experimental atopic dermatitis. Experimental atopic dermatitis was induced in the wild-type and Fn14 knock-out BALB/c mice. The effect of TWEAK/Fn14 interaction on keratinocytes was studied in an in-vitro model of atopic dermatitis. Fn14 deficiency ameliorates skin lesions in the mice model, accompanied by less infiltration of inflammatory cells and lower local levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including TWEAK, TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-17. Fn14 deficiency also attenuates the up-regulation of TNFR1 in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis. Moreover, topical TWEAK exacerbates skin lesion in the wild-type but not in the Fn14 knock-out mice. In vitro, TWEAK enhances the expressions of IL-17, IL-18 and IFN-γ in keratinocytes under atopic dermatitis-like inflammation. These results suggest that Fn14 deficiency protects mice from experimental atopic dermatitis, involving the attenuation of inflammatory responses and keratinocyte apoptosis. In the context of atopic dermatitis-like inflammation, TWEAK modulates keratinocytes via a TNFR1-mediated pathway.
关键词： keratinocyte,tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR),tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK),atopic dermatitis,fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Serum TGF-?2 and TNF-?± During Psoriasis Therapy with Narrowband Ultraviolet B
摘要： Although it is now an accepted concept that narrow-band UVB therapy is an efficacious therapy for psoriasis, the relationship between the response rate and the potential effects on serum cytokines is less well-established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the response rate and the changes of serum TGF-β and TNF-α necessary for understanding the underlying mechanisms of narrow-band UVB phototherapy. NB-UVB is effective against psoriasis without any obvious side effects and can significantly decrease serum TNF-α and promote TGF-β level of psoriasis patients. Additionally, measurement of TGF-β and TNF-α in serum could be considered as biomarkers of psoriasis activity during NB-UVB therapy.
关键词： Serum Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β),Narrow-Band Ultraviolet B (NB-UVB),Psoriasis,Tumour Necrosis Factor-α(TNF-α)
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 9th International Conference on Ultrawideband and Ultrashort Impulse Signals (UWBUSIS) - Odessa, Ukraine (2018.9.4-2018.9.7)] 2018 9th International Conference on Ultrawideband and Ultrashort Impulse Signals (UWBUSIS) - The Application of Pulsed Electric Fields and Other Types of Electromagnetic Radiation in Therapy of Cancer
摘要： since the beginning of 21-th century the investigations in the area of cancer therapy by electric fields become more numerous. These investigations may be divided in three groups: studies carried out on cell cultures, studies on animal models and case reports describing applications of pulsed electric fields for treatment of cancer patients. Very important is to chose adequate methods of measuring the cell damage and speaking more generally – cell response to stress. In Kharkov University various investigations in the area of cell response to electromagnetic influences were carried out and some new methods were proposed. In this paper the analysis of recent works in this area is done and perspectives of the research are discussed.
关键词： electromagnetic pulse,cell proliferation,cell membrane permeability,cell response to electromagnetic stress,apoptosis,cancer therapy,necrosis
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46