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Camphor Sulfonic Acid Doped Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Nanofilms: Optical and Electrical Properties
摘要： Herein, we report the fabrication and characterization of Camphor Sulfonic Acid (CSA) doped Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nano?lms prepared at different substrate temperature on glass by simple wire bar coating method. Spectroscopic, optic, structural and electrical properties of the prepared nano?lms were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-Visible spectroscopy, ?uorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, NKD spectroscopy, SEM and DC electrical measurements. The detailed electrical characterizations revealed that the conductivity of the P3HT nano?lms increased when the ?lms are doped with CSA and the conductivity increased from 5.89 × 10?5 S/cm to 1.39 × 10?4 S/cm for 40 °C preparation temperature. Thus, it was con?rmed that the substrate temperature plays an important role on the ?lm structure and spectroscopic properties. Additionally CSA-doping changes the optical properties, especially when the ?lms prepared at 40 °C.
关键词： P3HT,Nano?lms,Camphor Sulfonic Acid,Optical and Electrical Properties
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Design of an achromatic wide-view circular polarizer using normal dispersion films
摘要： Proposed herein is an achromatic wide-view circular polarizer (CP) using normal dispersion films, which can suppress the light reflection over all the polar and azimuth angles. For normal incidence, the proposed CP with +A/?A/+C plates shows almost zero light reflection over all the wavelengths. For oblique incidence, the maximum reflected light of the proposed CP with +A/?A/+C plates is approximately 68 times lower than that of a CP with a single quarter-wave plate. Moreover, because all the films that were used had normal wavelength dispersion, they could be easily fabricated at a relatively low manufacturing cost.
关键词： Optical compensation,wide-view,antireflection,circular polarizer
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Confocal Adaptive Optics Imaging of Peripapillary Nerve Fiber Bundles: Implications for Glaucomatous Damage Seen on Circumpapillary OCT Scans
摘要： To improve our understanding of glaucomatous damage as seen on circumpapillary disc scans obtained with frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (fdOCT), fdOCT scans were compared to images of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber (RNF) bundles obtained with an adaptive optics-scanning light ophthalmoscope (AO-SLO). The AO-SLO images and fdOCT scans were obtained on 6 eyes of 6 patients with deep arcuate defects (5 points (cid:2)(cid:3)15 db) on 10-2 visual fields. The AO-SLO images were montaged and aligned with the fdOCT images to compare the RNF bundles seen with AO-SLO to the RNF layer thickness measured with fdOCT. All 6 eyes had an abnormally thin (1% confidence limit) RNF layer (RNFL) on regions of RNF bundles on AO-SLO in fdOCT and abnormal corresponding regions. However, regions of abnormal, but equal, RNFL thickness on fdOCT scans varied in appearance on AO-SLO images. These regions could be largely devoid of RNF bundles (5 eyes), have abnormal-appearing bundles of lower contrast (6 eyes), or have isolated areas with a few relatively normal-appearing bundles (2 eyes). There also were local variations in reflectivity of the fdOCT RNFL that corresponded to the variations in AO-SLO RNF bundle appearance. Relatively similar 10-2 defects with similar fdOCT RNFL thickness profiles can have very different degrees of RNF bundle damage as seen on fdOCT and AO-SLO. While the results point to limitations of fdOCT RNFL thickness as typically analyzed, they also illustrate the potential for improving fdOCT by attending to variations in local intensity.
关键词： optical coherence tomography,retinal nerve fiber layer,glaucoma,adaptive optics,optic disc
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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The repeatability of superficial retinal vessel density measurements in eyes with long axial length using optical coherence tomography angiography
摘要： Background: To investigate the repeatability of superficial retinal vessel density measurements in healthy eyes with long axial length (AL) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: There were 60 eyes of 31 volunteers enrolled in this cross-sectional observational study. All subjects underwent OCTA, AL and refraction test. The enrolled eyes were divided into the long AL group (26 mm ≤ AL < 28 mm) and normal AL group (22 mm ≤ AL < 26 mm). The vessel length density (VLD), perfusion density (PD), and fovea avascular zone (FAZ) of the superficial retinal vessel were evaluated. Repeatability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analysis. Pearson’s r correlation was used to analyze the relation of AL and the absolute difference between two measurements. Results: The 3 × 3 mm scan pattern showed good repeatability with all ICCs over 0.7. For all parameters of all scan patterns, the ICCs of the normal AL group were distinctly higher than those of the long AL group; this finding was also confirmed by Bland-Altman analysis. The correlation analysis of AL and repeatability of OCTA parameters showed significant negative correlations between the ALs and repeatability of VLD in 6 × 6 mm inner ring (r2 = 0.13, p = 0.01), VLD in 6 × 6 mm outer ring (r2 = 0.09, p = 0.02) and PD in 6 × 6 mm outer ring (r2 = 0.08, p = 0.03). Conclusions: The AL and the scanned area will both affect the repeatability of superficial retinal vessel density measurements in OCTA.
关键词： Fovea avascular zone,Vessel length density,Myopia,Optical coherence tomography angiography,Repeatability,Perfusion density
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Improving the cooling of a mechanical oscillator in a dissipative optomechanical system with an optical parametric amplifier
摘要： The ground-state cooling of a macroscopic mechanical oscillator is a crucial prerequisite for implementing the quantum manipulation of the mechanical oscillator. Here we show that a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) can significantly improve the cooling of the mechanical membrane in the purely dissipative coupling system in the unresolved sideband regime. In the presence of the OPA with a parametric phase π/2, the mechanical membrane can be cooled from room temperature 293 K to 10 mK, a factor of 112 lower than that in the absence of the OPA. If the mechanical oscillator is precooled to 0.1 K, the mechanical membrane can be cooled into the microkelvin regime.
关键词： optical parametric amplifier,dissipative optomechanical system,ground-state cooling,mechanical oscillator
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Nonlinear optical organic–inorganic crystals: synthesis, structural analysis and verification of harmonic generation in tri-( <i>o</i> -chloroanilinium nitrate)
摘要： The structural and nonlinear optical properties of a new anilinium hybrid crystal of chemical formula (C6H7NCl+NO3?)3 have been investigated. The crystal structure was determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements performed at a temperature of 100 K which show that the compound crystallizes in a noncentrosymmetric space group (Pna21). The structural analysis was coupled with Hirshfeld surface analysis to evaluate the contribution of the different intermolecular interactions to the formation of supramolecular assemblies in the solid state that exhibit nonlinear optical features. This analysis reveals that the studied compound is characterized by a three-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds and the main contributions are provided by the O···H, C···H, H···H and Cl···H interactions, which alone represent ～85% of the total contributions to the Hirshfeld surfaces. It is noteworthy that the halogen···H contributions are quite comparable with those of the H···H contacts. The nonlinear optical properties were investigated by nonlinear diffuse femtosecond-pulse reflectometry and the obtained results were compared with those of the reference material LiNbO3. The hybrid crystals exhibit notable second (SHG) and third (THG) harmonic generation which confirms its polarity is generated by the different intermolecular interactions. These measurements also highlight that the THG signal of the new anilinium compound normalized to its SHG counterpart is more pronounced than for LiNbO3.
关键词： structural analysis,Hirshfeld surface analysis,intermolecular interactions,nonlinear optical properties
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL TRIADIC-CANTOR QUASI-PERIODIC STRUCTURE
摘要： We numerically investigate the optical spectra of a photonic band gap material realized by one-dimensional Triadic-Cantor quasi-periodic structure. The studied system is composed of two elementary layers H and L with refractive indices nL = 1.45 (SiO2) and nH = 2.3 (T iO2), respectively. Analytical calculations using a trace and antitrace maps approach have been used to ?nd the re?ection and transmission theoretical expressions in visible range under quarter wavelength condition. In our results we present the e?ect of iteration order of Triadic-Cantor sequence on the optical properties of these multilayer systems, namely the photonic band gap behavior and the optical windows presence, which makes this type of structures good candidates for interesting applications in the ?eld of the nano-optical Engineering.
关键词： trace and antitrace maps,Triadic-Cantor,optical properties,quasi-periodic structure,photonic band gap
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Stimulated Raman Scattering at Induced Acoustic Vibrations of Elastic Particles in Suspensions Placed in an Optical Cavity
摘要： The stimulated low-frequency Raman scattering at acoustic vibrations of elastic inclusions in a liquid heterogeneous medium placed in an external open optical cavity has been investigated. The amplitudes of stationary ?eld oscillations in the cavity at the frequencies of the excitation and the ?rst Stokes component are found within a two-dimensional model. The speci?c features of the oscillation in dependence of the parameters of the cavity and Raman-active medium have been studied based on the simulation results.
关键词： liquid heterogeneous medium,acoustic vibrations,elastic particles,optical cavity,stimulated Raman scattering
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Optical Simulations of Self-assembly Relevant Gold Aggregates: A Comparative Study
摘要： In this study, visible light extinction spectra of different gold nanoparticle assemblies were simulated using boundary element method (BEM) in order to investigate the optical properties of structures which determine the experimentally measured spectra during the self-assembly of the particles. Numerous different optically dominant particle arrangements can evolve depending on the underlying physicochemical mechanism of the clustering process itself: one-dimensional chains, two-dimensional arrays or three-dimensional clusters can be formed in the solutions or at interfaces. Experimentally the aggregation or clustering of gold nanoparticles can be conveniently followed by spectroscopic techniques due to the plasmon coupling related profound effect of particle aggregation on the visible extinction spectrum. However, the measured spectra usually contain the optical response of various aggregate structures. Additionally, small changes of the interparticle distance can have a significant impact on the frequency of the coupled mode. In order to assess the contribution of the different structures to the experimentally measurable extinction spectra during particle clustering, different model structures (chains, array and 3D-cluster) have been simulated, where the distance between the particles was varied as well.
关键词： 3D cluster,boundary element method,2D heptamer,self-assembly,optical simulations,nanoparticle chains,gold nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Incoherent Shock and Collapse Singularities in Non-Instantaneous Nonlinear Media
摘要： We study the dynamics of a partially incoherent optical pulse that propagates in a slowly responding nonlinear Kerr medium. We show that irrespective of the sign of the dispersion (either normal or anomalous), the incoherent pulse as a whole exhibits a global collective behavior characterized by a dramatic narrowing and amplification in the strongly non-linear regime. The theoretical analysis based on the Vlasov formalism and the method of the characteristics applied to a reduced hydrodynamic model reveal that such a strong amplitude-incoherent pulse originates in the existence of a concurrent shock-collapse singularity (CSCS): The envelope of the intensity of the random wave exhibits a collapse singularity, while the momentum exhibits a shock singularity. The dynamic behavior of the system after the shock-collapse singularity is characterized through the analysis of the phase-space dynamics.
关键词： non-linear waves,optical turbulence,shockwaves,partially coherent beams and pulses,Vlasov formalism,coherence,rogue waves
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14