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Oxygen Saturation Measurements from Green and Orange Illuminations of Multi-Wavelength Optoelectronic Patch Sensors
摘要： Photoplethysmography (PPG) based pulse oximetry devices normally use red and infrared illuminations to obtain oxygen saturation (SpO2) readings. In addition, the presence of motion artefacts severely restricts the utility of pulse oximetry physiological measurements. In the current study, a combination of green and orange illuminations from a multi-wavelength optoelectronic patch sensor (mOEPS) was investigated in order to improve robustness to subjects’ movements in the extraction of SpO2 measurement. The experimental protocol with 31 healthy subjects was divided into two sub-protocols, and was designed to determine SpO2 measurement. The datasets for the first sub-protocol were collected from 15 subjects at rest, with the subjects free to move their hands. The datasets for the second sub-protocol with 16 subjects were collected during cycling and walking exercises. The results showed good agreement with SpO2 measurements (r = 0.98) in both sub-protocols. The outcomes promise a robust and cost-effective approach of physiological monitoring with the prospect of providing health monitoring that does not restrict user physical movements.
关键词： green and orange illuminations,optoelectronic patch sensor (mOEPS),oxygen saturation (SpO2),physical movement,pulse oximetry
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Predicting postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive decline with combined intraoperative electroencephalogram monitoring and cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy in patients undergoing cardiac interventions
摘要： Studies have associated electroencephalogram (EEG) suppression with postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive decline (POCD). Otherwise, improving cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rScO2) seems beneficial. No study has evaluated the impact of EEG suppression and decreased rScO2 on the incidence of POD and POCD when the intraoperative management of patients is performed with a depth-of-anesthesia (DOA) monitor and a cerebral oximetry. In this prospective study patients undergoing cardiac interventions were monitored with the NeuroSENSE? DOA monitor and bilateral cerebral oximetry. An algorithm was used to optimize cerebral oxygenation. EEG suppression was presented as total area under the curve (AUC) of suppression ratio (SR) > 0 s (AUC EEGSR>0s). Cerebral desaturation was defined as AUC of 25% drop of oximetry values as compared to baseline. POD was evaluated by the chart review method. POCD was defined as a Z-score ≤ 2 based on Mini Mental State Examination at baseline and day 5 or if the patient reported any cognitive decline at 3 and at 6 months postoperatively. Among the 1616 patients, 1513 underwent normothermic surgery and were further analyzed. POD and POCD were respectively evaluated in 1504 and 1350 patients of whom 303 (20%) and 270 (20%) were respectively diagnosed positive. Having experienced high magnitudes of EEG suppression (fourth quartile of AUC EEGSR>0s) was significantly associated with POD (OR = 2.247; 95% CI = 1.414–3.571; P = 0.001). Low rScO2 at the end of surgery was statistically associated with POCD (OR = 0.981; 95% CI = 0.965–0.997; P = 0.018). The results of our study show that the degree of intraoperative EEG suppression on one hand, and low rScO2 at the end of procedure on the other hand, are associated with respectively POD and POCD in patients undergoing cardiac interventions.
关键词： Burst suppression,Postoperative cognitive decline,Postoperative delirium,Cerebral oximetry,Depth-of-anesthesia monitor
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE ANDESCON - Santiago de Cali, Colombia (2018.8.22-2018.8.24)] 2018 IEEE ANDESCON - Development of a Low-Cost Pulse Oximeter Simulator for Educational Purposes
摘要： Medical instrumentation devices are crucial to determine health conditions in humans. Teaching biomedical instrumentation requires a perfect combination of practice and theory. Therefore, the use of physiological signals simulators such as a %SpO2 becomes important as a teaching strategy. The objective of this project is to develop and implement an oxygen saturation simulator, for use in the biomedical instrumentation courses. The development process began by establishing the requirements of the simulator and designing a graphical user interface to control the simulator parameters. Subsequently, a circuit capable of materializing the simulated signals from the interface was developed, together with a probe or artificial finger that was to be introduced inside the objective pulse oximeter. Finally, the systems were integrated into the simulator
关键词： simulation,low cost,Pulse oximetry,biomedical instrumentation,education
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Handheld Retinal Oximetry in Healthy Young Adults
摘要： Purpose: The objective of this study was to measure the relative retinal oxygen saturation with a prototype, mobile handheld oximeter in upright and supine position and to compare these measurements to the gold standard Oxymap T1 retinal oximeter in upright position. A handheld oximeter is needed for measurements of infants with retinopathy of prematurity as well as acutely injured and bedridden adults. Methods: Healthy volunteers (age 18–35) were recruited at the Leiden University Medical Center. Retinal images were acquired with the handheld oximeter and the Oxymap T1. Both cameras are dual-wavelength oximeters and acquire images with wavelengths of 570 and 600 nm. Retinal oxygen saturation values were determined for both the handheld camera and the Oxymap T1. Results: Twenty-one subjects (age 25 6 2 years) were included. In upright position, the oxygen saturation for the arterioles was 92.2% to 4.9% vs. 95.5% 6 4.2% and for the venules 57.9% 6 10.2% vs. 57.7% 6 6.4% for the handheld camera and Oxymap T1, respectively. The oxygen saturation was higher in the arterioles than the venules for both cameras (P , 0.05). In supine position, measured with the handheld oximeter, the oxygen saturation in the arterioles was 92.3% 6 5.8% and 59.2% 6 6.1% in the venules. Conclusions: Performance of the prototype, mobile handheld oximeter Corimap camera compares well with the Oxymap T1, with a slightly larger standard deviation in oxygen saturation measurements, both in upright and supine patients. Translation Relevance: To date, to our knowledge, no oximeters are available for handheld use and for measurement in supine position in infants and bedridden adults. Here we tested such an oximeter and show that its performance compares well with that of the gold standard Oxymap T1 in healthy adults.
关键词： handheld oximetry,dual-wavelength oximetry,retinal oximetry
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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The Impact of Averaging Window Length on the “Desaturation” Indexes Obtained Via Overnight Pulse Oximetry at High Altitude
摘要： To determine the impact of averaging window-length on the “desaturation” indexes (DIs) obtained via overnight pulse oximetry (SpO2) at high altitude. Overnight SpO2 data were collected during a 10-day sojourn at high altitude. SpO2 was obtained using a commercial wrist-worn finger oximeter whose firmware was modified to store unaveraged beat-to-beat data. Simple moving averages of window lengths spanning 2 to 20 cardiac beats were retrospectively applied to beat-to-beat SpO2 datasets. After SpO2 artifacts were removed, the following DIs were then calculated for each of the averaged datasets: oxygen desaturation index (ODI); total sleep time with SpO2 < 80% (TST < 80), and the lowest SpO2 observed during sleep (SpO2 low). Our findings indicate that increasing oximeter averaging window length progressively underestimates the frequency and magnitude of sleep disordered breathing events at high altitude, as indirectly assessed via the desaturation indexes.
关键词： high altitude,sleep,moving averages,pulse oximetry
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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A flexible organic reflectance oximeter array
摘要： Transmission-mode pulse oximetry, the optical method for determining oxygen saturation in blood, is limited to only tissues that can be transilluminated, such as the earlobes and the fingers. The existing sensor configuration provides only single-point measurements, lacking 2D oxygenation mapping capability. Here, we demonstrate a flexible and printed sensor array composed of organic light-emitting diodes and organic photodiodes, which senses reflected light from tissue to determine the oxygen saturation. We use the reflectance oximeter array beyond the conventional sensing locations. The sensor is implemented to measure oxygen saturation on the forehead with 1.1% mean error and to create 2D oxygenation maps of adult forearms under pressure-cuff–induced ischemia. In addition, we present mathematical models to determine oxygenation in the presence and absence of a pulsatile arterial blood signal. The mechanical flexibility, 2D oxygenation mapping capability, and the ability to place the sensor in various locations make the reflectance oximeter array promising for medical sensing applications such as monitoring of real-time chronic medical conditions as well as postsurgery recovery management of tissues, organs, and wounds.
关键词： flexible electronics,wearable sensors,oximetry,organic electronics,bioelectronics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO) - Macao (2019.7.22-2019.7.26)] 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO) - Fiber-optic laser-ultrasound transducer using carbon nanoparticles for intravascular sonothrombolysis
摘要： This paper relates to a genuine wrist pulse oximeter, which is a noninvasive medical device that can measure the pulse rate and oxygen saturation level in a person’s blood. The device is novel due to its innovative design. It is a new type of re?ective oximeter, which has a concave structure for housing the optical source and sensor. The neo-re?ective sensor module of the device is designed to send the sensor data to a nearby intelligent mobile phone using wireless data transmission. The pulse oximeter has been developed and calibrated, and the calibration curve was analyzed. The innovative design of this pulse oximeter would enable the user to wear the low-cost device on one wrist continuously throughout the day, without the inconvenience of a conventional ?nger pulse oximeter.
关键词： wrist oximeter,Biomedical sensor,blood oxygen saturation,re?ective oximetry,pulse oximetry
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Nara, Japan (2019.5.19-2019.5.23)] 2019 Compound Semiconductor Week (CSW) - Quantum entangled photon emitting diodes based on GaAs quantum dots on (111)A: Robustness against increasing temperature
摘要： This paper relates to a genuine wrist pulse oximeter, which is a noninvasive medical device that can measure the pulse rate and oxygen saturation level in a person’s blood. The device is novel due to its innovative design. It is a new type of re?ective oximeter, which has a concave structure for housing the optical source and sensor. The neo-re?ective sensor module of the device is designed to send the sensor data to a nearby intelligent mobile phone using wireless data transmission. The pulse oximeter has been developed and calibrated, and the calibration curve was analyzed. The innovative design of this pulse oximeter would enable the user to wear the low-cost device on one wrist continuously throughout the day, without the inconvenience of a conventional ?nger pulse oximeter.
关键词： blood oxygen saturation,re?ective oximetry,wrist oximeter,Biomedical sensor,pulse oximetry
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Higha??Accuracy Photoplethysmography Array Using Neara??Infrared Organic Photodiodes with Ultralow Dark Current
摘要： Reflectance oximeters based on organic photodiode (OPD) arrays offer the potential to map blood pulsation and oxygenation via photoplethysmography (PPG) over a large area and beyond the traditional sensing locations. Here, an organic reflectance PPG array based on 16 × 16 OPD pixels is developed. The individual pixels exhibit near-infrared sensitivity up to ≈950 nm and low dark current density in the order of 10?6 mA cm?2. This results in high-quality PPG signals. Analysis of the full PPG waveform yields insight on the artery stiffness and the quality of blood circulation, demonstrating the potential of these arrays beyond pulse oximetry and heart-rate calculation.
关键词： photoplethysmography,organic photodiodes,bulk heterojunction,heartbeat,pulse oximetry
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Newborn Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Defects Using Pulse Oximetry
摘要： Critical congenital heart defects can lead to serious morbidity and mortality if not found at the appropriate time. Although prenatal ultrasound and postnatal neonatal physical examination can detect the majority of severe congenital heart disease, more than 20% of newborns are still not diagnosed before discharge from the birth hospital. The diagnosis of critical congenital heart defects using pulse oximetry can reduce these diagnostic problems, and it is necessary to consider introducing it as a neonatal screening test in Korea. However, as the prevalence rate of disease and the medical system vary from country to country, it is necessary to study whether this screening test is effective or cost effective in our country. Newborns with a positive result that did not pass a critical congenital heart defects screening using pulse oximetry would require thorough follow-up testing to identify not only severe congenital heart disease but also other potential causes of hypoxia. However, even if the neonate has passed the critical congenital heart defects screening test using pulse oximetry, this screening test has a low sensitivity and a high false positive rate, so it cannot be a perfect screening test for critical congenital heart defects. Therefore, when this screening test is performed at each hospital, it is important to educate and follow the caregivers of signs and symptoms of other congenital heart diseases other than hypoxemia.
关键词： Pulse oximetry,Congenital heart disease,Neonatal screening
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36