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Particle swarm optimisation-based model and analysis of photovoltaic module characteristics in snowy conditions
摘要： In this study, a novel methodology of photovoltaic (PV) modelling is proposed to represent the instantaneous electrical characteristics of PV modules covered with snow. The attenuation of the transmitted solar radiation penetrating a layer of snow is rigorously estimated based on the Giddings and LaChapelle theory. This theory introduced the level of radiation that reaches the surface of the PV module through the snowpack, significantly affected by the snow properties and thickness. The proposed modelling approach is based on the single-diode-five-parameter equivalent circuit model. The parameters of the model are updated through instantaneous measurements of voltage and current that are optimised by the particle swarm optimisation algorithm. The proposed approach for modelling snow-covered PV modules was successfully validated in outdoor tests using three different types of PV module technologies typically used in North America's PV farms under different cold weather conditions. In addition, the validity of the proposed model was investigated using real data obtained from the SCADA system of a 12-MW grid-connected PV farm. The proposed model can help to improve PV performance under snow conditions and can be considered a powerful tool for the design and selection of PV modules subjected to snow accretion.
关键词： photovoltaic,Giddings and LaChapelle theory,solar radiation,PV modelling,particle swarm optimisation,SCADA system,snow conditions
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Optimisation of phase factor in phase retrieval for reflector antennas with active surface
摘要： The deformation of reflector surface can be obtained by Misell algorithm using two far-field amplitude patterns: one with the antenna in focus and the other with the antenna defocused. For reflector antennas with active surface, the defocused pattern can be measured by adjusting the panels to get a more effective phase factor instead of offsetting the sub-reflector. The shape and size of phase factor have a great influence on the accuracy of convergent solution. To improve the performance of Misell algorithm, this study proposed an optimisation method for phase factors under different surface deformations. This method utilises Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm to get an estimation of the aperture distribution and then applies the particle swarm optimisation to optimise the phase factor parameterised by Zernike polynomials. Numerical simulations show that the proposed method is an efficient tool to achieve applicable phase factors under different surface deformations. Using the optimised phase factor, Misell algorithm can get a better convergent performance than traditional Misell algorithm.
关键词： Misell algorithm,particle swarm optimisation,Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm,active surface,phase retrieval,reflector antennas,Zernike polynomials
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Clusters partition and zonal voltage regulation for distribution networks with high penetration of PVs
摘要： Integration of distributed generation (DG) at large scale with high penetration challenges the radial structure of the traditional distribution networks and the effectiveness of the conventional voltage regulation methods. In this study, the clusters partitioning and voltage regulation are researched. The modified electrical distance is introduced. An effective method, based on spectral clustering algorithm, is proposed for the partitioning of the DG network via the judgement of critical load buses. Two-stage voltage regulation optimisation is realised in each sub-community. The optimal objects are the minimal voltage fluctuation and the network loss of the distributed network. The independent variables are reactive-power absorption and active-power curtailment for each controllable photovoltaic node. An advanced particle swarm optimisation algorithm is applied to the voltage regulation for the sub-communities. After a case study of the IEEE 33-bus system, a regional distribution network in Anhui province of China is analysed. Simulation results indicate that the node voltages are stabilised with the improvement of power quality employing the proposed clusters partitioning method and zonal power control scheme.
关键词： spectral clustering,particle swarm optimisation,voltage regulation,distributed generation,photovoltaic
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14