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Optical and neural anisotropy in peripheral vision
摘要： Optical blur in the peripheral retina is known to be highly anisotropic due to nonrotationally symmetric wavefront aberrations such as astigmatism and coma. At the neural level, the visual system exhibits anisotropies in orientation sensitivity across the visual field. In the fovea, the visual system shows higher sensitivity for cardinal over diagonal orientations, which is referred to as the oblique effect. However, in the peripheral retina, the neural visual system becomes more sensitive to radially-oriented signals, a phenomenon known as the meridional effect. Here, we examined the relative contributions of optics and neural processing to the meridional effect in 10 participants at 08, 108, and 208 in the temporal retina. Optical anisotropy was quantified by measuring the eye’s habitual wavefront aberrations. Alternatively, neural anisotropy was evaluated by measuring contrast sensitivity (at 2 and 4 cyc/deg) while correcting the eye’s aberrations with an adaptive optics vision simulator, thus bypassing any optical factors. As eccentricity increased, optical and neural anisotropy increased in magnitude. The average ratio of horizontal to vertical optical MTF (at 2 and 4 cyc/deg) at 08, 108, and 208 was 0.96 6 0.14, 1.41 6 0.54 and 2.15 6 1.38, respectively. Similarly, the average ratio of horizontal to vertical contrast sensitivity with full optical correction at 08, 108, and 208 was 0.99 6 0.15, 1.28 6 0.28 and 1.75 6 0.80, respectively. These results indicate that the neural system’s orientation sensitivity coincides with habitual blur orientation. These findings support the neural origin of the meridional effect and raise important questions regarding the role of peripheral anisotropic optical quality in developing the meridional effect and emmetropization.
关键词： peripheral retina,anisotropy,wavefront aberrations,neural adaptation,adaptive optics
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Diagnostic Availability of Ultra-Wide-field Fundus Imaging in Korean Patient with Retinal Break
摘要： Purpose: To evaluate the availability of ultra-wide-field fundus photography compared to fundus examination after pupil dilatation in Korean patients with retinal break. Methods: For this retrospective case review of consecutive 160 patients, 230 lesions with retinal breaks were recruited. The ultra-wide-field images were taken after fundus examination with pupil dilatation performed by a retinal specialist. We analyzed ultra-wide-field images according to patient characteristics and separated area. We divided lesions into anterior and posterior areas, and each area was separated into 4 quadrants (superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal). Results: The sensitivity of ultra-wide-field imaging for detecting retinal break was 72% (95% confidence interval [CI] 65-79%), and the specificity was 94% (95% CI 90-98%). The sensitivity of detection of posterior retina was 89% (95% CI 85-93%), and that of anterior retina was 72% (95% CI 66-78%); this difference was significant (p = 0.007). There was a significant statistical difference at the inferior quadrant between anterior and posterior retina, but not at superior, temporal, or nasal quadrants. The sensitivity of detection in the inferior quadrant in the anterior retina was 43% (95% CI 29-57%). Conclusions: Ultra-wide-field fundus photography can detect retinal break, but there is limitation in anterior retinal lesions, especially the inferior area. Therefore, ultra-wide-field fundus photography cannot be an alternative method instead of fundus examination with pupil dilatation.
关键词： Retinal break,Optomap,Peripheral retina,Ultra-wide-field imaging
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46