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System Design and Evaluation of a Compact and High Energy X-ray Talbot-Lau Grating Interferometer for Industrial Applications
摘要： X-ray grating interferometry has been an active area of research in recent years. In particular, various studies have been carried out for the practical use of the x-ray grating interferometer in medical and industrial fields. For the commercialization of the system, it needs to be optimized for its application. In this study, we have developed a prototype of the compact high energy x-ray grating interferometer of which the high effective energy and compactness is of our primary feature of design. We have designed the Talbot-Lau x-ray interferometer in a symmetrical geometry with an effective energy of 54.3 keV. The system has a source-to-analyzer grating distance of 788.4 mm, which is compact enough for a commercial product. In a normal operation, it took less than ten seconds to acquire a set of phase stepping images. The acquired images had a maximum visibility of about 15%, which is relatively high compared with the visibilities of the other high-energy grating interferometric systems reported so far.
关键词： X-ray phase contrast imaging,Dark-field imaging,Talbot-Lau interferometry,compact design,High energy phase contrast imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Investigation of inner ear anatomy in mouse using X-ray phase contrast tomography
摘要： A thorough understanding of inner ear anatomy is important for investigators. However, investigation of the mouse inner ear is difficult due to the limitations of imaging techniques. X-ray phase contrast tomography increases contrast 100–1,000 times compared with conventional X-ray imaging. This study aimed to investigate inner ear anatomy in a fresh post-mortem mouse using X-ray phase contrast tomography and to provide a comprehensive atlas of microstructures with less tissue deformation. All experiments were performed in accordance with our institution's guidelines on the care and use of laboratory animals. A fresh mouse cadaver was scanned immediately after sacrifice using an inline phase contrast tomography system. Slice images were reconstructed using a filtered back-projection (FBP) algorithm. Standardized axial and coronal planes were adjusted with a multi-planar reconstruction method. Some three-dimensional (3D) objects were reconstructed by surface rendering. The characteristic features of microstructures, including otoconia masses of the saccular and utricular maculae, superior and inferior macula cribrosae, single canal, modiolus, and osseous spiral lamina, were described in detail. Spatial positions and relationships of the vestibular structures were exhibited in 3D views. This study investigated mouse inner ear anatomy and provided a standardized presentation of microstructures. In particular, otoconia masses were visualized in their natural status without contrast for the first time. The comprehensive anatomy atlas presented in this study provides an excellent reference for morphology studies of the inner ear.
关键词： saccular macula,phase contrast imaging,inner ear,utricular macula,otoconia
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Exploring phase contrast imaging with a laser-based K?± x-ray source up to relativistic laser intensity
摘要： this study explores the ability of a hard Kα x-ray source (17.48 keV) produced by a 10 TW class laser system operated at high temporal contrast ratio and high repetition rate for phase contrast imaging. For demonstration, a parametric study based on a known object (PET films) shows clear evidence of feasibility of phase contrast imaging over a large range of laser intensity on target (from ~1017 W/cm2 to 7.0 × 1018 W/cm2). To highlight this result, a comparison of raw phase contrast and retrieved phase images of a biological object (a wasp) is done at different laser intensities below the relativistic intensity regime and up to 1.3 × 1019 W/cm2. this brings out attractive imaging strategies by selecting suitable laser intensity for optimizing either high spatial resolution and high quality of image or short acquisition time.
关键词： biological imaging,laser intensity,phase contrast imaging,high repetition rate,Kα x-ray source
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Photonic Spin-Multiplexing Metasurface for Switchable Spiral Phase Contrast Imaging
摘要： As the two most representative operation modes in an imaging system, bright-field imaging and phase contrast optical imaging can extract different morphological information on an object. Developing a miniature and low-cost system capable of switching between these two imaging modes is thus very attractive for a number of applications, such as biomedical imaging. Here, we propose and demonstrate that a Fourier transform setup incorporating an all-dielectric metasurface can perform a two-dimensional spatial differentiation operation and thus achieve isotropic edge detection. In addition, the metasurface can provide two spin-dependent, uncorrelated phase profiles across the entire visible spectrum. Therefore, based on the spin-state of incident light, the system can be used for either diffraction-limited bright-field imaging or isotropic edge-enhanced phase contrast imaging. Combined with the advantages of planar architecture and ultrathin thickness of the metasurface, we envision this approach may open new vistas in the very interdisciplinary field of imaging and microscopy.
关键词： phase contrast imaging,edge detection,orbital angular momentum,Metasurface
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Effects of object-to-detector distance and beam energy on synchrotron radiation phase-contrast imaging of implanted cochleae
摘要： Objectives: To demonstrate that synchrotron radiation phase-contrast imaging (SR-PCI) can be used to visualize the intrascalar structures in implanted human cochleae and to find the optimal combination of the parameters object-to-detector distance (ODD) and beam energy (E) for visualization. Materials and Methods: Three cadaveric implanted human temporal bones underwent SR-PCI with varying combinations of parameters ODD (3, 2 and 1 m) and E (47, 60 and 72 keV). All images were then reconstructed to a three-dimensional (3D) stack of slices. The acquired 3D images were compared using contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of the basilar membrane (CNRBM) and the electrode array (CNRE) and the standard deviation of the beam streaks (σS). Postprocessing calculations were performed using Matlab (Version 2017b, MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, U.S.A.) with a standard significance level p < 0.05 to determine the most optimal combination of parameters. Results: SR-PCI with computed tomography reconstruction provided good visualization of the anatomical features of the implanted cochleae, specifically the exact location of the electrode with respect to the BM. A single-factor ANOVA revealed a significant difference of variance for both CNRE and CNRBM, but failed to show significance for σS. A two-sample t-test failed to show any significant difference between CNRE columns of (3 m, 72 keV) and (2 m, 60 keV). The CNRBM was significantly different only at two pairs of columns, when (1 m, 72 keV) was compared against (2 m, 72 keV) and (3 m, 72 keV). Conclusions: The results of this study show that SR-PCI is a viable method to visualize implanted human cochleae. SR-PCI is less invasive, less labour intensive and is associated with a much lower acquisition time compared to other methods for postimplantation imaging in humans, such as histological sectioning. We found that the optimal combination of E and ODD parameters was 72 keV and 2 m, respectively. These parameters resulted in high-contrast images of the electrode as well as all internal structures of the cochleae.
关键词： Cochlear implant,phase-contrast imaging,image segmentation,synchrotron radiation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Theoretical Framework for Spatial Resolution in Edge-Illumination X-Ray Tomography
摘要： Edge-illumination tomography is a modality for performing x-ray phase-contrast imaging in 3D, based on structuring the primary beam into an array of beamlets and employing a dedicated incoherent sensing mechanism. In this article, we provide a theoretical framework for the spatial resolution of this method, based on the concept of the bowtie-shaped essential support of the Radon transform in frequency space, which is well known in conventional tomography. The additional complexity caused by the use of beamlets is added to the model, and its validity is confirmed by means of simulated and experimental results. In essence, we show that the precise location of non-negligible entries in the two-dimensional frequency spectrum of an edge-illumination sinogram can be predicted by only two parameters, the beamlet width and the sample thickness. This enables the derivation of sampling schemes tailored to avoid aliasing, thus maximizing spatial resolution.
关键词： beamlets,Radon transform,edge-illumination tomography,spatial resolution,x-ray phase-contrast imaging
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Evaluation of texture features at staging liver fibrosis based on phase contrast X-ray imaging
摘要： Background: The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of phase contrast imaging to detect fibrotic progress in its early stage; to investigate the feasibility of texture features for quantified diagnosis of liver fibrosis; and to evaluate the performance of back propagation (BP) neural net classifier for characterization and classification of liver fibrosis. Methods: Fibrous mouse liver samples were imaged by X-ray phase contrast imaging, nine texture measures based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix were calculated and the feasibility of texture features in the characterization and discrimination of liver fibrosis at early stages was investigated. Furthermore, 36 or 18 features were applied to the input of BP classifier; the classification performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: The phase contrast images displayed a vary degree of texture pattern from normal to severe fibrosis stages. The BP classifier could distinguish liver fibrosis among normal, mild, moderate and severe stages; the average accuracy was 95.1% for 36 features, and 91.1% for 18 features. Conclusion: The study shows that early stages of liver fibrosis can be discriminated by the morphological features on the phase contrast images. BP network model based on combination of texture features is demonstrated effective for staging liver fibrosis.
关键词： Liver fibrosis,Phase contrast imaging,Mouse liver specimen,Neural network,Texture features
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14