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Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy with Immune‐Adjuvant Liposomal Complexes for Effective Gastric Cancer Therapy
摘要： A diagnosis and therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer is developed herein by combining thermosensitive liposomal (TSL)-based photothermal/photodynamics therapy (PTT/PDT) with chemotherapy and adjuvant immunotherapy. IR820, a photothermal agent, paclitaxel (PTX), an antitumor drug, and imiquimod (R837), a Toll-like-receptor-7 agonist, are coencapsulated into a TSL drug delivery system. These formed PTX-R837-IR820@TSL complexes exhibit excellent optical properties, good dispersibility, and stability. Under NIR light irradiation, the measurement of singlet oxygen production and thermal efficiency indicate promising potential of PTX-R837-IR820@TSL complexes for PTT and PDT. Confocal microscopy and small animal NIR imaging demonstrate tumor targeting ability of the liposomal complexes to gastric cancer cells. In vitro cell viability assays and in vivo animal experiments show prominent antitumor efficiency of PTX-R837-IR820@TSL complexes upon NIR light irradiation. This excellent therapeutic efficacy is attributed to the simultaneous chemotherapy and PTT/PDT. Furthermore, the liposomal complexes under NIR irradiation would ablate tumors to generate a pool of tumor-associated antigens, which is able to promote strong antitumor immune responses in the presence of those R837-containing liposomal complexes acted as adjuvant. These results indicate that the multifunctional liposomal complexes could realize a remarkable synergistic therapeutic outcome in gastric carcinoma.
关键词： gastric carcinoma,photothermal therapy,adjuvant immunotherapy,photodynamics therapy
更新于2025-11-14 15:26:12
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Negative charge enhancement of near-surface nitrogen vacancy centers by multicolor excitation
摘要： Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have been identified over the past few years as promising systems for a variety of applications, ranging from quantum information science to magnetic sensing. This relies on the unique optical and spin properties of the negatively charged NV. Many of these applications require shallow NV centers, i.e., NVs that are close (a few nm) to the diamond surface. In recent years there has been increasing interest in understanding the spin and charge dynamics of NV centers under various illumination conditions, specifically under infrared (IR) excitation, which has been demonstrated to have significant impact on the NV centers’ emission and charge state. Nevertheless, a full understanding of all experimental data is still lacking, with further complications arising from potential differences between the photodynamics of bulk and shallow NVs. Here we suggest a generalized quantitative model for NV center spin- and charge-state dynamics under both green and IR excitation. We experimentally extract the relevant transition rates, providing a comprehensive model which reconciles all existing experimental results in the literature, except for highly nonlinear regimes. Moreover, we identify key differences between the photodynamics of bulk and shallow NVs, and use them to significantly enhance the initialization fidelity of shallow NVs to the useful negatively charged state.
关键词： nitrogen vacancy centers,recombination,shallow NVs,bulk NVs,photodynamics,green excitation,ionization,charge state,IR excitation,diamond
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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QM/MM photodynamics of Retinal in the Channelrhodopsin Chimera C1C2 with OM3/MRCI
摘要： The photoisomerization of all-trans retinal in channelrhodopsins triggers the opening of a cation channel in the membrane of certain green algae. The stimulus resulting from cell depolarization enables the algae to perceive and react to the present lighting conditions. This property makes channelrhodopsins especially interesting for neuroscientific applications in optogenetics. We investigate the initial photoreaction in the channelrhodopsin chimera C1C2 with a combined quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) strategy. For geometry optimizations, the OM3/RHF and OM3/MRCI/Amber protocols are used. Trajectory surface hopping calculations are performed with OM3/MRCI/Amber and a statistically relevant number of molecules to obtain reaction rates and quantum yields. The utilized models include a direct hydrogen bond of the retinal Schiff base to the proposed counterions in C1C2, i.e. either toward glutamate or aspartate. Static and dynamic aspects are compared to experimental findings including time constants and spectral traces. The calculations provide a rationale for the observed short and long time components in the photokinetics of C1C2 and yield detailed insight into the photoreaction mechanisms that include bicycle pedal and hula twist motions.
关键词： C1C2,QM/MM,surface hopping,photodynamics,Channelrhodopsin
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01