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Remarkable laser-driven upconverting photothermal effect of Cs3LnF6@glass nanocomposites for anti-counterfeiting
摘要： Currently, advanced security strategies have aroused widely interest in anti-counterfeiting field to ensure the authentic items difficult to be replicated. Herein, cubic Cs3LnF6 (Ln = Y, Yb, Lu, Sc) nanocrystals embedded glasses are successfully prepared via an in-situ glass crystallization strategy. Emitting centers, such as Eu3+, Er3+, Ho3+ and Tm3+, can be incorporated into the precipitated Cs3YF6, Cs3YbF6 and Cs3LuF6 crystal lattices but remain in glass matrix rather than in Cs3ScF6 crystals for large ionic radius mismatch between lanthanide activators and Sc3+ host ions. It is demonstrated that upconverting quantum yields of all the Yb/Er: Cs3LnF6@glass samples are higher than those of well-known cubic/hexagonal Yb/Er: α/β-NaYF4@glass samples. Specifically, Yb/Er: Cs3LuF6@glass exhibits a maximal quantum yield of ~0.30%, which is superior to Yb/Er: β-NaYF4 @glass (~0.19%). Impressively, Er: Cs3YbF6@glass shows a remarkable 980 nm laser-induced photothermal effect, leading to significant alteration of upconversion emissive color from red to green with increase of incident laser power. As a prototype of the concept for practical application, a series of luminescent patterns using Er: Cs3YbF6@glass upconverting inks are constructed by a screen-printing technique and show distinct laser-power-sensitive emissive colors, being feasible for high-level anti-counterfeiting. The present work exploits a new anti-counterfeiting strategy by developing highly efficient laser-induced upconverting photothermal materials.
关键词： Anticounterfeit,Nanocomposites,Upconversion,Lanthanide ions,Photothermal effect,Luminescent glasses
更新于2025-10-22 19:38:57
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Hypoxia-Irrelevant Photonic Thermodynamic Cancer Nanomedicine
摘要： The hypoxic tumor microenvironment severely lowers the therapeutic efficacy of oxygen-dependent anticancer modalities because tumor hypoxia hinders the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. Here we report a thermodynamic cancer-therapeutic modality that employs oxygen-irrelevant free radicals generated from thermo-labile initiators for inducing cancer-cell death. Free radical nanogenerator was engineered via direct growth of mesoporous silica layer onto the surface of two-dimensional Nb2C MXene nanosheets towards multifunctionality, where the mesopore provided the reservoirs for initiators and MXene core acted as the photonic-thermal trigger at near infrared-II biowindow (NIR-II). Upon illumination by a 1064 nm NIR-II laser, the photothermal-conversion effect of Nb2C MXene induced the fast release and quick decomposition of the encapsulated initiators (AIPH) to produce free radicals, which promoted cancer-cell apoptosis in both normoxic and hypoxic microenvironment. Systematic in vitro and in vivo evaluations have demonstrated the synergistic-therapeutic outcome of this intriguing photonic nanoplatform-enabled thermodynamic cancer therapy for completely eradicating the tumors without recurrence by NIR-II laser irradiation. This work pioneers the thermodynamic therapy for oxygen-independent cancer treatment by photonic triggering at NIR-II biowindow.
关键词： nanomedicine,thermodynamic therapy,photothermal effect,tumor hypoxia,free radicals
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Photothermal-Induced Self-Healable and Reconfigurable Shape Memory Bio-Based Elastomer with Recyclable Ability
摘要： Photothermal-induced self-healable and shape memory materials have drawn much attention due to the rapidly growing technical applications and environmental requirements. As epoxy natural rubber (ENR) is a kind of bio-based elastomer with good mechanical properties, weather resistance, and air impermeability, it is of great significance to incorporate ENR with recyclable, photothermal-induced self-healable and shape memory properties. In this study, we report a simple method to cross-link ENR with dodecanedioic acids (DAs) through esterification reaction, and during the cross-linking process, a little aniline trimer (ACAT, a kind of oligoaniline) was added at the same time. Then, the ENR-DA-ACAT vitrimers that were covalently cross-linked with recyclable, self-healable, and multiple responsive properties were obtained, which also possessed various functions. As a result of the transesterification reactions at elevated temperatures, the ENR-based vitrimers possess the ability to be reprocessed and self-healed, and the mechanical properties could be maintained even after three consecutive breaking/mold pressing cycles. Besides, the vitrimer is also responsive to near-infrared (NIR) light and pH with the introduction of ACAT, and we also find that ACAT can be used as a catalyst to accelerate the transesterification reaction. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the ENR-DA-ACAT vitrimer could also be used to construct the reconfigurable shape memory polymer; the shape fixing ratio and shape recovery ratio are both above 95% in the reconfiguration process, and the multistage shape memory performance can also be achieved by NIR irradiation, which will potentially lead to a wide application for ENR in the field of actuators.
关键词： self-healing,reconfigurable shape memory,photothermal effect,recyclable,transesterification reaction,ENR
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Light-Induced Shape Morphing of Liquid Metal Nanodroplets Enabled by Polydopamine Coating
摘要： Shape morphing nanosystems have recently attracted much attention and a number of applications are developed, spanning from autonomous robotics to drug delivery. However, the fabrication of such nanosystems remains at an early stage owing to limited choices of strategies and materials. This work reports a facile method to fabricate liquid metal (LM) nanodroplets by sonication of bulk LM in an aqueous dopamine hydrochloride solution and their application in light-induced shape morphing at the nanoscale. In this method, dopamine acts as a surfactant, which stabilizes the LM nanodroplets dispersion during the sonication, and results in downsizing of the nanodroplets. Furthermore, by adding 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol to the suspension, self-polymerization of dopamine molecules occurs, resulting in the formation of polydopamine (PDA)-coated LM nanodroplets. Owing to the high photothermal conversion of the PDA, PDA-coated LM nanodroplets are transformed from spherical shapes to ellipsoids by NIR laser irradiation. This study paves a simple and reliable pathway for the preparation of functional LM nanodroplets and their application as shape-morphing nanosystems.
关键词： light-induced shape morphing,polydopamine,liquid metal nanodroplets,photothermal effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Optical modulation of coherent phonon emission in optomechanical cavities
摘要： Optomechanical (OM) structures are well suited to study photon-phonon interactions, and they also turn out to be potential building blocks for phononic circuits and quantum computing. In phononic circuits, in which information is carried and processed by phonons, OM structures could be used as interfaces to photons and electrons thanks to their excellent coupling efficiency. Among the components required for phononic circuits, such structures could be used to create coherent phonon sources and detectors, but more complex functions remain challenging. Here, we propose and demonstrate a way to modulate the coherent phonon emission from OM crystals by a photothermal effect induced by an external laser, effectively creating a phonon switch working at ambient conditions of pressure and temperature and the working speed of which is only limited by the build-up time of the mechanical motion of the OM structure. We additionally demonstrate two other modulation schemes: modulation of harmonics in which the mechanical mode remains active but different harmonics of the optical force are used, and modulation to and from a chaotic regime. Furthermore, due to the local nature of the photothermal effect used here, we expect this method to allow us to selectively modulate the emission of any single cavity on a chip without affecting its surroundings in the absence of mechanical coupling between the structures, which is an important step toward freely controllable networks of OM phonon emitters.
关键词： phonon switch,coherent phonon emission,photothermal effect,Optomechanical structures,phononic circuits
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Effect of photo-irradiation on metal insulator transition in vanadium dioxide
摘要： We report a large transition temperature (TC) decrease in a VO2 thin film device under photo-irradiation. With the increasing photo-irradiation intensity (PIntensity) with a wavelength of 405 nm, the TC of the VO2 device decreased at a rate of (cid:2)3:2 (cid:3) 10(cid:4)2 W=cm2 and reached as low as 40.0 (cid:5)C at a PIntensity of 8:4 (cid:3) 102 W=cm2. While the change in TC is primarily due to the photothermal effect when the PIntensity is below 3:6 (cid:3) 102 W=cm2, both the photothermal and photo-induced carrier density effects contribute to the change in TC when the PIntensity is above 6:4 (cid:3) 102 W=cm2.
关键词： metal-insulator transition,vanadium dioxide,photothermal effect,photo-induced carrier density,photo-irradiation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Photoactive Functional Soft Materials (Preparation, Properties, and Applications) || Soft Materials Driven by Photothermal Effect and Their Applications
摘要： We are surrounded by soft materials. Most organs of the human body are made of soft materials. One defining characteristic of soft materials is that they can be readily deformed by external stimuli and stress. Even the thermal energy available at room temperature is sufficient to cause significant deformation in soft materials. de Gennes in his 1991 Nobel lecture emphasized “flexibility” as a defining characteristic of soft materials. Colloids, polymers, liquid crystals (LCs), gels, and biological materials are categorized as soft materials. Being pervasive in nature, soft materials have been a source of inspiration for scientists and engineers for the design and fabrication of stimuli‐responsive smart materials and systems for scientific investigations to understand the basic principles and technological application in devices and health care. Accordingly, a wide variety of engineered soft materials have been developed, which play a crucial role in modern technology. Soft nanotechnology, soft robotics, and soft lithography are examples that reflect the far‐reaching implications of soft materials in biology and engineering. Soft materials constitute one of the most stimulating interdisciplinary frontiers of modern science and are built on diverse experimental and theoretical foundations. Although soft materials in neat state have found a wide range of applications, fabrication of composites of soft materials by integrating other functional materials has recently become a common practice to realize advanced and tunable materials with enhanced properties for high‐tech applications. Incorporation of photothermal agents into the matrices of soft materials is one such emerging approach.
关键词： nanocomposites,soft materials,liquid crystals,photothermal therapy,polymers,gels,photothermal effect,actuators,drug delivery
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Convection Dynamics Forced by Optical Trapping with a Focused Laser Beam
摘要： Optical trapping dynamics of colloidal particles in solution is essential for understanding laser-induced assembling of molecules and nanomaterials, which contributes to nanofabrication, bioengineering, and microfluidics. In this paper, the importance of the surrounding fluid motion in optical trapping is investigated; that is, we reveal convection fluid dynamics forced by optical trapping with a focused laser beam. The fluid flow in optical trapping is evaluated by both experiments using the particle-image-velocimetry of fluorescent particles in solutions and theoretical consideration based on numerical analysis. A theoretical model consists of Navier?Stokes equations with the Boussinesq approximation that considers the temperature elevation induced by a photothermal effect. Furthermore, the effect of the particle motion induced by the optical force on fluid flow is also included in the analysis by developing a simple one-way homogeneous-type multiphase flow model. From both experimental and theoretical results, it turns out that the fluid flow in optical trapping is caused not only by thermal convection due to the temperature elevation but also by the collective particle motion induced by optical forces. Therefore, the optical forces can induce the large-scale fluid convection, which supports accumulating the target particles to the focal spot.
关键词： thermal convection,fluid dynamics,colloidal particles,photothermal effect,Boussinesq approximation,optical trapping,multiphase flow model,Navier?Stokes equations,particle-image-velocimetry
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Drug Delivery System Using Photothermal Effect of Gold Nanorods
摘要： Gold nanorods have absorption bands in the near-infrared region. The absorbed light energy is converted into heat by gold nanorods. Therefore, drug delivery systems that can be controlled by the heat produced by near-infrared light irradiation will be constructed. First, we modified gold nanorods with double-stranded DNA. That is, release of single stranded DNA is induced by the produced heat from the gold nanorods. We also constructed a controlled release system of PEG chain mediated by retro Diels-Alder reaction induced by the photothermal effect. Next, we designed transdermal protein delivery system enhanced by the photothermal effect. We first casted gold nanorods, acting as a heating device in response to near-infrared light irradiation, onto the skin surface. After applying an aqueous solution of ovalbumin to the skin, the skin was irradiated by near-infrared laser light. The irradiation increased the skin temperature resulting in an efficient translocation of ovalbumin into the skin. Thus, the controlled-release systems and enhanced transdermal protein delivery system triggered by near-infrared light irradiation will be further expanded to development of functional drug delivery system.
关键词： photothermal effect,gold nanorods,transdermal protein delivery,drug delivery system,near-infrared light
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Integration of plasmonic heating and ona??chip temperature sensor for nucleic acid amplification assays
摘要： Nucleic acid tests have been widely used for diagnosis of diseases by detecting the relevant genetic markers that are usually amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This work reports the use of a plasmonic device as an efficient and low-cost PCR thermocycler to facilitate nucleic acid-based diagnosis. The thermoplasmonic device, consisting of a one-dimensional metal grating, exploited the strong light absorption of plasmonic resonance modes to heat up PCR reagents using a near-infrared laser source. The plasmonic device also integrated a thin-film thermocouple on the metal grating to monitor the sample temperature. The plasmonic thermocycler is capable of performing a PCR amplification cycle in approximately 2.5 minutes. We successfully demonstrated the multiplex and real-time PCR amplifications of the antibiotic resistance genes using the genomic DNAs extracted from Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Campylobacter.
关键词： polymer chain reaction,thermoplasmonics,thermocycler,nucleic acid-based diagnostics,antibiotic resistance detection,Photothermal effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57