- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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Dynamic Tariff-Subsidy Method for PV and V2G Congestion Management in Distribution Networks
摘要： This paper proposes a dynamic tariff-subsidy (DTS) method for congestion management in distribution networks with high penetration of photovoltaics (PV), heat pumps (HPs) and electric vehicles (EVs) with vehicle-to-grid (V2G) function. The DTS method is an extension of the dynamic tariff method proposed in the previous study. With the DTS, the regulation prices can be positive (tariff) or negative (subsidy). The study shows that the negative regulation price is necessary and very effective to solve congestion due to feed-in power flows, such as PVs and EVs in the V2G mode. In the study, dual decomposition of a convex quadratic model is proposed in addition to a conventional method for the DTS calculation. The case studies on the Roy Billinton Test System (RBTS) demonstrate the efficacy of the DTS method for congestion management in distribution networks.
关键词： distribution system operator (DSO),electric vehicle (EV),photovoltaics (PV),dynamic tariff-subsidy,Congestion management,heat pump (HP)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Novel Open-Circuit Photovoltaic Bypass Diode Fault Detection Algorithm
摘要： In this article, a novel photovoltaic (PV) bypass diode fault detection algorithm is presented. The algorithm consists of three main steps. First, the threshold voltage of the current–voltage (I–V) curve is obtained using different failure bypass diode scenarios. Second, the theoretical prediction for the faulty regions of bypass diodes is calculated using the analysis of voltage drop in the I–V curve as well as the voltage at maximum power point. Finally, the actual I–V curve under any environmental condition is measured and compared with theoretical predictions. The proposed algorithm has been experimentally evaluated using a PV string that comprises three series-connected PV modules, and subtotal of nine bypass diodes. Various experiments have been conducted under diverse bypass diodes failure conditions. The achieved detection accuracy is always greater than 99.39% and 99.74% under slow and fast solar irradiance transition, respectively.
关键词： current–voltage (I–V) curve,Bypass diodes,power loss,fault detection,photovoltaics (PV),solar irradiance
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Photovoltaic Module Reliability || Introduction
摘要： Photovoltaics (PVs) is the direct conversion of light into electricity. Typically, this means generation of electricity from sunlight, a renewable energy process without release of pollution or greenhouse gases. PV is one of the renewable energy sources that offers the potential to replace burning of fossil fuels and, therefore, to slow the growing effects of global climate change.
关键词： Module reliability,Renewable energy,Photovoltaics,PV modules,Solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Photovoltaic Module Reliability || Conformity Assessment and IECRE
摘要： Conformity Assessment refers to activities that are undertaken to determine that products, services, or even systems meet the requirements of their specification and/or relevant standards. You can see how important this would be for photovoltaics (PV) as they require huge upfront investments and then the economic return is based on them performing to specification for many years. Most of this book so far has detailed the types of extended accelerated testing and factory quality control necessary for PV modules to meet specifications and warranties. However, there are two additional requirements that must be met to achieve the type of conformity assessment needed in PV. These will be discussed in the next two sections. The first section discusses development of conformity assessment systems for PV products, in this case, mostly PV modules although some PV products like PV lanterns have also been covered. The second section discusses the extension of conformity assessment from the product to the PV system deployed in the field and how this required the creation of a whole new Conformity Assessment organization at the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
关键词： IECRE,IEC,Photovoltaics,PV modules,Conformity Assessment
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Techno-economic analysis of a modified concentrating photovoltaic/organic Rankine cycle system
摘要： The combination of concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems not only leads to a reduction of photovoltaic (PV) operating temperature, but also leads to an additional electric power production. Increase in the temperature of the PV decreases its operating efficiency, while increases the ORC efficiency. Therefore, there is an optimum temperature in which the total electricity produced by the combined system will be maximum. In this study, a modified CPV/ORC system is simulated and the optimum operating temperature of the PV panel is determined for different PV efficiencies. The most striking result is that increase in the PV nominal efficiency will result in the selection of a lower temperature for the PV optimum temperature. The results indicate that for the PV panels with efficiencies of 10%, 14%, 18%, and 22% the PV optimum temperature are 145.0°C, 139.8, 132.3, and 121.2°C, respectively.
关键词： heat recovery,organic Rankine cycle,solar energy,Photovoltaics,PV
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Feasibility and Cost Analysis of Photovoltaic-Biomass Hybrid Energy System in Off-Grid Areas of Bangladesh
摘要： In this progressing technological advancement world, hybrid systems for power generation is one of the most promising fields for any researcher. In this context, photovoltaic-biomass hybrid systems with off-grid applications have become extremely popular with both Governments and individual users in rural areas of any part of the world. This system has gained popularity because of low cost, sustainability and very effective outcome with the use of natural resources at the rural areas. In this paper a proposed hybrid system which contains photovoltaics (PV) and biomass along with an additional storage has been considered to find the different aspects from an end user point of view. It also discusses the feasibility of the proposed model for an off-grid power system located in the remote areas of Ashuganj, Bangladesh. In order to analyse the pollutant emissions and calculate the cost parameters of the proposed system, RETScreen simulation software was deployed. This research also carries out a brief financial analysis considering the annual income of the end user and the payback periods for the installed system. It endeavours to provide complete information about different parameters which also includes the environmental impacts involved in establishing the proposed system. The conventional system in the pilot area is a kerosene-based system, hence in this research, a comparison between the proposed and the conventional system has been analysed using simulated results. The simple payback of the project was estimated to be 6.9 years and this model will be able to reduce the CO2 emissions by approximately 3.81 tonnes per year. The results have significantly supported the proposed system to be more reliable, environmentally-friendly and less costly than the conventional kerosene-based system.
关键词： feasibility analysis,cost analysis,CO2 emissions,photovoltaics (PV),battery storage,renewable energy,simple payback period,biomass,off-grid electrification
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Effects of Particle concentration, deposition and accumulation on Photovoltaic device surface
摘要： The efficiency of solar photovoltaic system is affected by many factors, among which the influence of dust deposition on photovoltaic panels is a prominent problem. In the desert which has sufficient radiation, the problem of dust deposition is quite serious. In some developed cities, photovoltaic devices are affected by dust or aerosol deposition. This short paper, thus, briefly summarizes studies of dust deposition on PV panels of urban and desert areas in recent years, and analyses the influence of dust deposition on the panel, particle characteristics and dust deposition process based on these studies. In general, there are three fields that suggests more research: (1) study on characteristics of sand or dust combined with local environmental characteristics; (2) modeling and simulation of particle dynamics around photovoltaic array; (3) comprehensive laboratory designed experiments to understand the specific influencing factors.
关键词： Airborne concentration,Efficiecy reduction,Photovoltaics (PV),Dust deposition,Accumulation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Realtime monitoring on the HIT photovoltaic module characteristic parameters at STC, high and low irradiance conditions in Algeria
摘要： This paper deals with the study on 233 Wp HIT PV module characteristics that defines its performance and operation. The chosen HIT PV module is exposed to outdoor conditions at Saida City of Algeria. The module is tested in high irradiance and low irradiance situations that were recorded over a specific year. Based on the monitored data in these two situations, its performance characteristics were evaluated and compared with standard test condition parameters. From the results it is observed that, irradiance variation effects the HIT PV module characteristics. The variation in maximum power extracted, efficiency, and fill factor were observed. Apart from this weather parameters like ambient temperature, module temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity had also influenced the performance characteristics of HIT PV module.
关键词： fill factor,HIT PV module,PV monitoring,outdoor characteristics,Photovoltaics,PV efficiency,high, low and STC irradiance
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Dispatch optimization of concentrating solar power with utility-scale photovoltaics
摘要： Concentrating solar power (CSP) tower technologies capture thermal radiation from the sun utilizing a field of solar-tracking heliostats. When paired with inexpensive thermal energy storage (TES), CSP technologies can dispatch electricity during peak-market-priced hours, day or night. The cost of utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems has dropped significantly in the last decade, resulting in inexpensive energy production during daylight hours. The hybridization of PV and CSP with TES systems has the potential to provide continuous and stable energy production at a lower cost than a PV or CSP system alone. Hybrid systems are gaining popularity in international markets as a means to increase renewable energy portfolios across the world. Historically, CSP-PV hybrid systems have been evaluated using either monthly averages of hourly PV production or scheduling algorithms that neglect the time-of-production value of electricity in the market. To more accurately evaluate a CSP-PV-battery hybrid design, we develop a profit-maximizing mixed-integer linear program (H) that determines a dispatch schedule for the individual sub-systems with a sub-hourly time fidelity. We present the mathematical formulation of such a model and show that it is computationally expensive to solve. To improve model tractability and reduce solution times, we offer techniques that: (1) reduce the problem size, (2) tighten the linear programming relaxation of (H) via reformulation and the introduction of cuts, and (3) implement an optimization-based heuristic (that can yield initial feasible solutions for (H) and, at any rate, yields near-optimal solutions). Applying these solution techniques results in a 79% improvement in solve time, on average, for our 48-h instances of (H); corresponding solution times for an annual model run decrease by as much as 93%, where such a run consists of solving 365 instances of (H), retaining only the first 24 h’ worth of the solution, and sliding the time window forward 24 h. We present annual system metrics for two locations and two markets that inform design practices for hybrid systems and lay the groundwork for a more exhaustive policy analysis. A comparison of alternative hybrid systems to the CSP-only system demonstrates that hybrid models can almost double capacity factors while resulting in a 30% improvement related to various economic metrics.
关键词： Grid integration,CSP-PV hybrid systems,Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP),System analysis,Photovoltaics (PV),Concentrating solar power (CSP),Dispatch optimization,Lithium-ion battery
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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(111)Si thin layers detachment by stress-induced spallation
摘要： In this work, results of controlled detachment of (111) silicon by stress induced spalling (SIS) process, which is based on a gluing on a metallic stressor layer by an epoxy adhesive on top of a silicon substrate, are presented. It is shown that silicon foils mainly (1x1) cm2 with different thicknesses (~50-170 μm) can be successfully detached using different materials (steel, copper, aluminum, nickel and titanium) as stressor layers with thicknesses ~50-500 μm. Such detachment can be realized by dipping of a stressor/glue/silicon wafer based structure into liquid nitrogen. As a result, Si foils with different thicknesses from ~50 μm to ~170 μm can be detached. An analytical and numerical approaches based on principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics is developed and they are shown that such approaches can predict general trends and conditions for the detachment of silicon foils with desired thicknesses using a stressor layer. Raman spectroscopy analysis of the residual stresses in detached silicon foils shows, that tensile stresses (up to - 36MPa) as well as higher value compressive stresses (up to ~444 MPa) are present in such foils. Moreover, optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements show that surface of the detached foils exhibits some periodic lines originated by stresses.
关键词： Exfoliation of silicon,Thermal stress,Raman spectroscopy,Kerf-free,photovoltaics (PV)
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46