- 标题
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- 实验方案
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Rapidly self-heating shape memory polyurethane nanocomposite with boron-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes using near-infrared laser
摘要： In this study, boron-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were synthesized by high-temperature heat treatment (1300 °C) with a boric acid precursor and SWCNTs instead of the conventional chemical doping process. Then, these boron-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes (B-SWCNTs) were added to polyurethane to prepare polyurethane nanocomposites having excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Changes in properties that occurred due to structural changes inside the composite were investigated as the added amount of nanofiller was increased. In particular, a near-infrared (NIR) laser (808 nm) was directly irradiated on the nanocomposite film to induce photothermal properties on the surface of the B-SWCNTs. In the case of the PU nanocomposite film with a filler content of 3 wt%, a self-heating film material that rapidly heated to 250 °C within 10 s was developed. The newly developed material can be applied to electronic devices and products as a heat-generating coating material, de-icing of airplane, a heat sink, for bio-sensing, etc., using a moulding process.
关键词： boron-doping,photothermal,thermoelectrics,carbon nanotube,polyurethane
更新于2025-11-25 10:30:42
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2D reentrant micro-honeycomb structure of graphene-CNT in polyurethane: High stretchability, superior electrical/thermal conductivity, and improved shape memory properties
摘要： The recent rapid development of soft electronics and wearable technology has demanded materials with the function of combining mechanical deformation and electronics. Particularly, materials simultaneously having memory shape characteristics in which mechanical deformation repeatedly occurs in response to stimulus, high stretchability and excellent electric/heat transfer characteristics are interesting actuator materials in future applications. As a stretchable and conductive platform, we fabricated a reentrant micro-honeycomb structure from graphene-CNT, which had structural stretchability due to the accordion-like reentrant structure and continuous conductive paths in the vertical and horizontal directions. To impart shape memory properties, we fabricated composites by simply infiltrating shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) into a stable graphene/CNT framework. Our resulting reentrant micro-honeycomb graphene-CNT/SMPU composites simultaneously exhibited a relatively low resistivity of 5 Ω cm, a change in resistance of less than 10% in the 50% stretching/releasing states, long term stability, and superior tensile shape memory properties, including 95.6% shape fixity and a 90.6% recovery ratio. Regularly distributed graphene-CNT structures offer heterogeneous nucleation sites and undisturbed crystal growth in neat SMPU pillars, resulting in superior shape memory properties. We also constructed a circuit with portable batteries to demonstrate that our reentrant graphene-CNT/SMPU composite offers potential applications as an emergency circuit breaker.
关键词： Shape memory,Polyurethane,Reentrant graphene-CNT,Composite,Ice-templated self-assembly
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Dynamic Healable Polyurethane for Selective Laser Sintering
摘要： Selective laser sintering (SLS) is one of the mainstream 3D printing technologies. A major challenge for SLS technology is the lack of novel polymer powder materials with improved Z-direction strength. Herein, a dynamic polymer was utilized to solve the challenge of SLS. To verify this concept, novel cross-linked poly(chlorophenol-urethane) (PCP-PU) and poly(bromophenol-urethane) (PBP-PU) containing dynamic halogenated bisphenol carbamate bond were examined. The obtained dynamic polyurethane exhibited excellent mechanical strength and self-healing efficiency, in addition to SLS processing ability. A small molecule model study confirmed the dynamic reversible characteristics of the chlorinated bisphenol carbamate, which dissociates into isocyanate and hydroxyl at 120 °C and reforms at 80 °C, as confirmed by NMR and FT-IR. SLS 3D printing using the self-made healable PBP-PU powders was successfully realized. The interface interaction between the adjacent SLS layers can be significantly improved via dynamic chemical bond linking instead of traditional physical entanglement, which leads to an improved Z-direction mechanical strength. The SLS processed PBP-PU sample exhibits an X-axis tensile strengths of ~23 MPa and an elongation at break of ~600%. The Z-axis tensile strength is ~88% of X-axis’s, much higher than that of control TPU sample (~56%).
关键词： 3D printing,self-healing,SLS,polyurethane
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Anti-Biofouling Properties of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Submicron Topographies on Elastomeric Surfaces
摘要： Anti-bacterial coatings are often employed to elastomer surfaces to inhibit bacterial attachment. However, such approaches could lead to increased antibiotic resistance. Surface micro/nano texturing is gaining significant attention recently, as it is a passive approach to reduce bacterial adhesion to surfaces. To this end, this work aims to assess the anti-biofouling functionality of femtosecond laser-induced sub-micron topographies on biomedical elastomer surfaces. Femtosecond laser processing was employed to produce two types of topographies on stainless steel substrates. The first one was highly regular and single scale sub-micron laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) while the second one was multi-scale structures (MS) containing both sub-micron and micron-scale features. Subsequently, these topographies were replicated on Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Polyurethane (PU) elastomers to evaluate their bacterial retention characteristics. The sub-micron textured PDMS and PU surfaces exhibited long term hydrophobic durability up to 100 hours under the immersed conditions. Both LIPSS and MS topographies on PDMS and PU elastomeric surfaces were shown to substantially reduce (> 89%) the adhesion of gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. At the same time, the anti-biofouling performance of LIPSS and MS topographies was found to be comparable with that of lubricant-impregnated surfaces. The influence of physical defects on textured surfaces on the adhesion behaviour of bacteria was also elucidated. The results presented here are significant because the polymeric biomedical components that can be produced by replication cost-effectively, while their biocompatibility can be improved through femtosecond surface modification of the respective replication masters.
关键词： anti-biofouling,polyurethane,biomedical elastomers,PDMS,femtosecond,lubricant-impregnated surfaces,laser induced periodic surface structures
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Filler-Modified Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Foam for the Removal of Aqueous Heavy Metals Detected Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Technique
摘要： The use of polymeric material in heavy metal removal from wastewater is trending. Heavy metal removal from wastewater of the industrial process is of utmost importance in green/sustainable manufacturing. Production of absorbent materials from a natural source for industrial wastewater has been on the increase. In this research, polyurethane foam (PUF), an adsorbent used by industries to adsorb heavy metal from wastewater, was prepared from a renewable source. Castor oil-based polyurethane foam (COPUF) was produced and modified for improved adsorption performance using fillers, analyzed with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The fillers (zeolite, bentonite, and activated carbon) were added to the COPUF matrix allowing the modification on its surface morphology and charge. The materials were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA), while their adsorption performance was studied by comparing the LIBS spectra. The bentonite-modified COPUF (B/COPUF) gave the highest value of the normalized Pb I (405.7 nm) line intensity (2.3), followed by zeolite-modified COPUF (Z/COPUF) (1.9), and activated carbon-modified COPUF (AC/COPUF) (0.2), which indicates the adsorption performance of Pb2+ on the respective materials. The heavy metal ions’ adsorption on the B/COPUF dominantly resulted from the electrostatic attraction. This study demonstrated the potential use of B/COPUF in adsorption and LIBS quantitative analysis of aqueous heavy metal ions.
关键词： LIBS,polyurethane,characterization,castor oil,adsorption
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Mechanically robust nanocomposites from screen-printable polymer/graphene nanosheet pastes
摘要： Innovative methods producing graphene-based polymer nanocomposites with excellent mechanical robustness have become a focus on practical utilization, but existing solutions suffer from drawbacks such as laboratory-scale, unaffordability, and inadequate processability. To address those issues, we proposed screen printing approach utilizing formulated graphene-modified water-based printable pastes to achieve inexpensive and scalable manufacturing of graphene-reinforced polymer nanocomposites. Leveraging this simple and versatile manufacturing process, not only mass production but also individualized-pattern bulk materials can be efficiently produced using easily obtainable substrates. The surface-tailored graphene (PEI-rGO) can improve the dispersion quality and strengthen the interfacial bonding with waterborne polyurethane (WPU) matrix, yielding optimized enhancement effect and then enhancing the tensile strength and Young’s modulus about 9.46 and 19.8 times relative to that of the pure WPU, respectively. In particularly, their utility as anti-wear modifier through direct printing on textile and wear-reduction performance were investigated. Beyond such, our study establishes screen printing as a general strategy to achieve facile fabrication of polymer nanocomposites in an industrial-scale and economically viable manner, which can to a great extent bridge the gap between scientific research and real-world applications.
关键词： screen printing,waterborne polyurethane,enhancement effect,graphene,polymer matrix nanocomposites
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Effect of incorporating different polyanilinea??surface modified nanosilica content into polyurethanea??based quasia??solida??state electrolyte for dyea??sensitized solar cells
摘要： Polyaniline-surface modified nanosilica (S-PANi) was incorporated into polyurethane (PU) to form a polymer matrix able to entrap liquid electrolyte and to function as a quasi-solid state electrolyte (QSE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Nanosilica was first synthesized via sol–gel technique and was post modified with aniline to form S-PANi. The effects of introducing different S-PANi content (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) on the nanoparticle distribution, surface morphology, surface porosity, thermal stability, and the structure of the PU matrix were analyzed using transmitted and reflected light microscopes, TGA and X-ray powder diffraction. Additionally, polymer matrix absorptivity, conductivity, and ion diffusion of the formulated QSEs were investigated by using a digital analytical balance, the AC impedance method, and cyclic voltammetry. Lastly, all of the formulated quasi-solid-state electrolytes were applied for use in DSSCs wherein their charge recombination, photovoltaic performance, and lifespan were measured. The quasi-solid-state electrolyte based on 15 wt% S-PANi (PU-15%S-PANi) exhibited the highest light-to-energy conversion efficiency, namely 3.17%, with an open circuit voltage of 708 mV, a short circuit current of 4.13 mA cm?2, and a fill factor of 0.65.
关键词： films,swelling,nanoparticles,nanowires and nanocrystals,optical and photovoltaic applications,polyurethane
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Interaction of photothermal graphene networks with polymer chains and laser-driven photo-actuation behavior of shape memory polyurethane/epoxy/epoxy-functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposites
摘要： This work demonstrates the fabrication and near infra-red laser-driven shape recovery actuation behavior of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether-functionalized graphene oxide (DGEBA-f-GO)-based polyurethane (PU)/epoxy nanocomposites. DGEBA-f-GO was synthesized as a photothermal filler by treating DGEBA with carboxylated GO in a two-step process. Homogeneously dispersed networks of the photothermal filler were engineered via covalent crosslinking between DGEBA and DGEBA-f-GO in the PU matrix. The crosslinked DGEBA-f-GO networks act as a near-infrared laser-harvesting framework for the efficient transfer of heat and trigger for shape recovery upon remote actuation. Interaction between the photo-thermal networks of DGEBA-f-GO with polymer chains was analyzed structurally, revealing that the DGEBA-f-GO networks in the nanocomposites stimulate the formation of an integrated netpoint framework in the matrix by interacting with the PU hard segment via hydrogen bonding. Consequently, the shape memory composites reinforced with GO networks showed enhanced laser-driven photo-actuation stress, as well as thermal stability, photothermal behavior, and mechanical properties.
关键词： Polyurethane,Shape recovery,Graphene oxide
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A new nanocomposite optical sensor based on polyurethane foam and gold nanorods for solid-phase spectroscopic determination of catecholamines
摘要： A new nanocomposite material based on gold nanorods and polyurethane foam was obtained, and a method for the determination of catecholamines with the use of this nanocomposite modified with silver nitrate was developed. The determination is based on the measuring hypsochromic shift of a short-wave surface plasmon resonance band in a diffuse reflection spectrum of the nanocomposite. This shift is caused by reduction of silver from silver ions on the surface of gold nanorods under the influence of catecholamines. Effects of time, pH, volume of the reaction mixture, concentration of silver ions, and catecholamines on the interaction were examined. The proposed method allows to determine dobutamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine with the detection limits of 0.1, 0.07, 0.07, and 0.05 μg mL?1, respectively. The developed method can be applied to analysis of medicines.
关键词： Nanocomposite,Au nanorods,Surface plasmon resonance,Polyurethane foam,Catecholamines,Solid-phase spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A multi-mode excitation hardness prediction method based on Controlled Laser Air-Force Detection (CLAFD) technique
摘要： A novel material hardness testing method was proposed based on controlled laser air-force detection (CLAFD) technique. Polyurethane was chosen as the study object. Multi-mode excitation was adopted. Partial least square as the modeling method was used to build the hardness prediction model on the data of laser displacement. Different preprocessing methods were carried out for eliminating the noise of the original data. The results showed the multiplicative scattering model analysis for the data of stress relaxation mode. The results showed that the hardness could be predicted with high precision. The relationship coefficients of the prediction set (Rp) was above 0.90, and the residual prediction deviation (RPD) was more than 2. Furthermore, the Rp of the transient was 0.93, the RPD was 2.51, the excitation time was 1 s, showing that the transient mode performed with precision in high-speed hardness detection. The highest precision was based on the stress relaxation mode, so we did further study on the interval correction (MSC) had the best performance. Among four modes, the relationship coefficients of the prediction set (Rp) was up to 0.99, and the RPD was 3.54 when the time of the stress relaxation mode lasted 60 s. Based on the results above, the prediction ability would improve further when the relaxation time is increased. The study will provide a new real-time, non-destruction and cross-contamination free hardness detection method for material science, especially for those materials such as artificial biological tissue, function food products, etc.
关键词： Hardness prediction,Biological tissue,Cross-contamination-free,Multi-mode excitation,Polyurethane,Controlled laser air-force detection (CLAFD)
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22