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Exploiting ternary blends for improved photostability in high efficiency organic solar cells
摘要： Ternary organic solar cells based on polymer donor and nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) are delivering high power conversion efficiencies (PCE). Now, further improvement needs to be directed to enhance the operational lifetime of organic photovoltaics. Here, we selected three NFAs with different electron affinities and structural properties and found that the most crystalline third component, O-IDTBR, is selectively miscible within the acceptor phase. This reduced trap-assisted recombination and delivered a PCE of 16.6% and a fill factor of 0.76, compared to PM6:Y6 binary devices (15.2% PCE). Charge transport and recombination analyses revealed that O-IDTBR acts as a charge relay for improved charge transfer of both donor and acceptor materials leading to a more ordered transport. We find that minimizing traps formation in ternary devices deactivates light-induced traps upon full sun illumination (AM1.5G). As a result, ternary devices do not show any PCE drop in 225h, in comparison to binary cells which lose more than 60% of their initial performances.
关键词： photostability,nonfullerene acceptors,ternary organic solar cells,power conversion efficiency,charge transport
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Roll-to-Roll Slot-Die Coated P-I-N Perovskite Solar Cells Using Acetonitrile Based Single Step Perovskite Solvent System
摘要： Roll-to-roll coating of all active layers is demonstrated for a P-I-N perovskite solar cell stack, using a single step perovskite ink with an acetonitrile solvent system and flexible plastic substrate. A slot-die coating roll-to-roll process (with a common coating speed for all layers) is developed by using appropriate length meniscus guides as part of the coating head for each ink rheology. High performance devices are demonstrated with four roll-to-roll slot-die coated layers and evaporated top electrode. The drying conditions of the perovskite layer are optimized and found to be critical to achieving good performance. Multi solvent blend systems for the electron collection layer are developed that are more industrially compatible than the commonly used chlorobenzene solvent system and make use of a gradient of solvent volatilities to give both good macro film formation and rapid drying. A stabilised power conversion efficiency of 12.2% is demonstrated, that is the highest reported to date for devices with all layers other than the top electrode deposited roll-to-roll. This work demonstrates the feasibility of a roll-to-roll fabrication process for perovskite solar cells that could be transferred to a fully inline roll-to-roll process with all coating and drying stages made sequentially on one line running at a common coating speed and further demonstrates the potential to produce high efficiency photovoltaics using roll-to-roll fabrication methods.
关键词： Stabilised power conversion efficiency,Perovskite solar cells,Slot-die coating,Roll-to-roll,Acetonitrile solvent system
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Enhanced Photosensitization by Carbon Dots Co-adsorbing with Dye on p-Type Semiconductor (Nickel Oxide) Solar Cells
摘要： In this work, the effect of carbon dots (C-dots) on the performance of NiO-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was explored. NiO nanoparticles (NPs) with a rectangular shape (average size: 11.4 x 16.5 nm) were mixed with C-dots, which were synthesized from citric acid (CA) and ethylenediamine (EDA). A photocathode consisting of a composite of C-dots with NiO NPs (NiO@C-dots) was then used to measure the photovoltaic performance of a DSSC. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.85 % (430 nm LED@50 mWcm-2) was achieved by a DSSC fabricated via the adsorption of N719 sensitizer with a C-dot content of 12.5 wt% at a 1.5:1 EDA:CA molar ratio. This PCE value was far larger than the PCE value (2.44 or 0.152 %) obtained for a NiO DSSC prepared without the addition of C-dots or N719, respectively, indicating the synergetic effect by the co-adsorption of C-dots and N719. This synergetically higher PCE of the NiO@C-dots-based DSSC was due to the larger amount of sensitizer adsorbed onto the composites with a larger specific surface area and the faster charge transfer in the NiO@C-dots working electrode. In addition, the C-dots bound onto the NiO NPs shorten the bandgap of the NiO NPs due to energy transfer and give rise to faster charge separation in the electrode. The most important fact is that C-dots are the main sensitizer and N719 tightly adsorbed on C-dots and NiO behaves as an accelerator of a positive electron transfer and a restrainer of the electron-hole recombination. These results reveal that C-dots are a remarkable enhancer for NiO NPs in DSSCs, and that NiO@C-dots are the promising photovoltaic-electrode materials for DSSCs.
关键词： dye-sensitized solar cell,power conversion efficiency,nickel oxide@carbon dots composite,Nickel oxide,carbon dot
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Enhanced stability of ?±-phase FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells by insertion of 2D (PEA)2PbI4 nanosheets
摘要： Methylammonium (MA) is one of the main obstacles that hold back the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Formamidinium (FA)-based perovskite is a promising photovoltaic material for its higher thermal stability and smaller bandgap. However, despite the introduction of Cs+ in FAPbI3, the photoactive α-phase FAPbI3 can quickly transform into a non-perovskite hexagon phase δ-FAPbI3, which limits its use in perovskite solar cell. In this work, we show the dispersed of 2D (PEA)2PbI4 nanosheets into the Cs0.1FA0.9PbI3 thin film successfully prevents the transformation of the α-phase Cs0.1FA0.9PbI3 to the δ-phase. Because of the 2D (PEA)2PbI4 nanosheets, higher quality perovskite thin-film was obtained with longer carrier lifetime, lower trap state density, and enhanced stability. The resulting device reaches a high power conversion efficiency of 20.44%, which is one of the highest for MA-free perovskites and retains 82% of their initial efficiency after 800 h aging study.
关键词： power conversion efficiency,2D perovskite nanosheets,formamidinium,stability,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The Future of Flexible Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Extensive efforts have been devoted during the last decade to organic solar cell research that has led to remarkable progress and achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in excess of 10%. Among the existing flexible organic solar cells, ultrathin organic solar cells with a total thickness <10 μm have important advantages, including good mechanical bending stabilities and good conformability. These advantages have led to power generation solutions for wearable electronics. In this essay, the progress of flexible and ultrathin organic solar cells, and the future research directions pertaining to these cells are discussed based on the potential applications of textile-compatible solar cells. Both process engineering and development of the material of ultrathin substrate films have improved the PCE of ultrathin organic solar cells, which in turn have led to the small PCE difference between flexible organic solar cells with substrate thickness >10 μm and ultrathin organic solar cells with substrate thickness ≤10 μm. Key technologies for the further improvement of PCE of flexible/ultrathin organic solar cells are discussed. Strategies to improve the stability and some important aspects, which determine the mechanical robustness of flexible organic solar cells, are also presented and discussed.
关键词： organic solar cells,flexibility,stretchability,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Tin halide perovskite films made of highly oriented 2D crystals enable more efficient and stable lead-free perovskite solar cells
摘要： Low toxicity and an ideal energy bandgap make 2D Ruddlesden-Popper tin-based halide perovskites a promising photovoltaic material. However, the disordered crystal orientation and the oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ still need to be addressed. Here, we demonstrate that the annealing of FASnI3 assisted by phenyl ethyl ammonium chloride enables the formation of more ordered 2D tin-based perovskite crystals oriented vertically. We use in-situ synchrotron-based grazing incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) to correlate the higher crystal orientation to the better device performance. We measured a maximum power conversion efficiency of >9%. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the phenyl ethyl ammonium chloride acts as a barrier layer at the surface of the crystals protecting the tin from the oxidation. Hence, this work paves the way for more efficient and stable lead-free perovskite solar cells.
关键词： phenyl ethyl ammonium chloride,photovoltaic material,crystal orientation,lead-free perovskite solar cells,oxidation of Sn2+,2D Ruddlesden-Popper tin-based halide perovskites,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Alkali Metal Ions: A Secret Ingredient for Metal Nanocluster-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： The presence of alkali metal ions (AMIs) during the adsorption of thiolated Au nanoclusters (NCs) onto TiO2 plays a critical role in achieving high power conversion efficiency and suppressing anomalous current?voltage hysteresis in metal nanocluster-sensitized solar cells. This hidden role of the AMIs is intimately related to the adsorption strength between the NCs and TiO2, indicating the importance of seeking a comprehensive understanding of NC?TiO2 interfaces and devising interfacial engineering techniques to support the next advance in light energy conversion applications of NCs.
关键词： alkali metal ions,metal nanoclusters,current?voltage hysteresis,power conversion efficiency,solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Efficient All-Inorganic CsPbBr <sub/>3</sub> Perovskite Solar Cells by Using CdS/CdSe/CdS Quantum Dots as Intermediate Layers
摘要： Highly e?cient all-inorganic perovskite solar cells require a fast charge transfer from CsPbBr3 to TiO2 to reduce the recombination from trap states. Herein, we insert a CdS/CdSe/CdS quantum dot (QD) layer between the TiO2 and CsPbBr3 layers to fabricate all-inorganic perovskite solar cells. By tuning the thicknesses of the CdSe layer of CdS/CdSe/CdS QDs, the conduction band (CB) levels can be adjusted to -3.72~-3.87 eV. After inserting the QD intermediate layer, the energy o?set between the CB of TiO2 and CsPbBr3 is reduced, thus leading to a charge transfer rate boost from 0:040 × 109 to 0:059 × 109 s?1. The power conversion e?ciency (PCE) of the solar cell with QD intermediate layer achieves 8.64%, which is 20% higher than its counterpart without QDs.
关键词： CdS/CdSe/CdS quantum dots,power conversion efficiency,charge transfer,all-inorganic perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Organic Solar Cells Based on Small Molecule Donor and Polymer Acceptor Operating at 150 ?°C
摘要： Organic Solar Cells Based on Small Molecule Donor and Polymer Acceptor Operating at 150 oC. Inorganic or organic solar cells always operate at temperature lower than 100 oC and are not suitable for operating at high temperature. In this work, using blends of small molecular donor and polymer acceptor (MD/PA-type) as the active layers, we develop efficient and stable organic solar cells (OSCs), which can operate at temperature up to 150 oC. The device exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.51%, which is the highest value reported to date for MD/PA-type OSCs. After thermal treatment at 150 oC for 72 hours, the device can retain 84% of its initial PCE value. This superior device stability at high temperature is attributed to the high phase transition temperatures of the two materials in the MD/PA-type active layer. This work suggests a new advantage of high-temperature tolerance for OSCs.
关键词： Power Conversion Efficiency,Small Molecule Donor,Organic Solar Cells,Polymer Acceptor,High Temperature Operation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A two-fold engineering approach based on Bi2Te3 flakes towards efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are currently the leading thin-film photovoltaic technology owing to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE), as well as their low-cost and facile manufacturing process. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been reported to improve both the PCE and the stability of the PSCs when incorporated across the device’s layered configuration. Hereby, a two-fold engineering approach is implemented in inverted PSCs by using ultra-thin Bi2Te3 flakes, i.e.: (1) to dope the electron transport layer (ETL) and (2) to form a protective interlayer above the ETL. Thorough steady-state and time-resolved transport analyses reveal that our first engineering approach improves the electron extraction rate and thus the overall PCE (+8% vs. reference cells), as a result of the favourable energy level alignment between the perovskite, the ETL and the cathode. Moreover, the Bi2Te3 interlayer through the second engineering approach, facilitates further the electron transport and in addition protects the underlaying structure against chemical instability effects leading to enhanced device’s performance and stability. By combining the two engineering approaches, our optimised PSCs reach a PCE up to 19.46% (+17% vs. reference cells) and retain more than 80% of their initial PCE, after the burn-in phase, over 1100 h under continous 1 Sun illumination. These performances are among the highest reported in literature for inverted PSCs.
关键词： electron transport layer,Perovskite solar cells,Bi2Te3 flakes,stability,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01