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Improved energy harvesting using well-aligned ZnS nanoparticles in bulk-heterojunction organic solar cell
摘要： Zinc sulphide (ZnS) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by low temperature colloidal chemistry to produce stable zinc blend structure. The metallic ZnS NPs were incorporated into poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and (6,6)-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend photoactive layer to improve the overall performance of organic solar cells (OSC). The newly fabricated devices have exhibited enhanced photocurrent which is likely to come from utilizing the near-field and light scattering effects due to the NPs. The short-circuit current density of the best solar cell was enhanced to as high as 15.65 mA cm?2 followed by 51% and 4.0% maximum fill-factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE), respectively. This enhancement is very comparable to those obtained from the use of expensive plasmonic gold and silver nanoparticles. The current results are encouraging to improve the performance of OSC through a facile yet cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach of metal nanoparticles synthesis.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,Zinc sulphide,Organic solar cells,Photocurrent,Nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Mn Doping CsPbI3 Film Towards High-Efficiency Solar Cell
摘要： A doping technique that introduces suitable elements into the host material is extensively utilized to modulate perovskite lattice structure, stabilize crystallographic phases and achieve various optical and electronic properties. In this work, we substitute Pb2+ in CsPbI3 film with Mn2+ to improve the phase stability of the material. The crystalline quality of perovskite materials with Mn2+ doping is significantly improved, and the defect densitys is reduced. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of an inorganic perovskite solar cell with optimized Mn2+ doping (2%) reached 16.52 %, which is higher than the 15.05% of the reference, with an enhancement of ~ 10%. Simultaneously, the humidity and thermal stability were boosted by the Mn doping, which is attributed to the introduction of Mn shrinking the lattice of the perovskite material and enhancing the formation energy of the CsPbI3 film.
关键词： Power Conversion Efficiency,Mn-Doping,CsPbI3,Phase Stability,Perovskite Solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Challenges and opportunities for efficiency boost of next generation Cu(In,Ga)Se <sub/>2</sub> solar cells: prospect for a paradigm shift
摘要： Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photovoltaic technology has notably progressed over the past years. Power conversion efficiencies above 23% were reached in spite of the absorber polycrystalline nature. Although efficiencies are still far from the practical limits, the material quality is approaching that of III-V compounds that yield the most efficient solar cells. High carrier lifetime, low open circuit voltage deficit and external radiative efficiency in single-digit percentage range, suggest the next efficiency boost may arise from the implementation of alternative device architectures. In this perspective paper, we describe the current challenges and pathways to enhance the power conversion efficiency of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells. Specifically, we suggest the use of non-graded absorbers, integration of charge selective contacts and maximization of photon recycling. We examine these concepts by a semi-empirical device modelling approach, and show that these strategies can lead to efficiencies of 29% under the AM1.5 global spectrum. An analysis whether or not current state-of-the-art Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells already benefit from photon recycling is also presented.
关键词： Cu(In,Ga)Se2,charge selective contacts,photon recycling,power conversion efficiency,solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Highly Efficient Thermally Co-evaporated Perovskite Solar Cells and Mini-modules
摘要： Although small-area perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have reached remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), their scalability still represents one of the major limits toward their industrialization. For the first time, we prove that PSCs fabricated by thermal co-evaporation show excellent scalability. Indeed, our strategy based on material and device engineering allowed us to achieve the PCEs as high as 20.28% and 19.0% for 0.1 and 1 cm2 PSCs and the record PCE value of 18.13% for a 21 cm2 mini-module.
关键词： thermal co-evaporation,scalability,power conversion efficiency,mini-modules,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Improvement of Power Conversion Efficiency of Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells by Doping of Manganese into a ZnS Passivation Layer and Cosensitization of Zinc-Porphyrin on a Modified Graphene Oxide/Nitrogen-Doped TiO <sub/>2</sub> Photoanode
摘要： It is vital to acquire power conversion efficiencies comparable to other emerging solar cell technologies by making quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) competitive. In this study, the effect of graphene oxide (GO), nitrogen, manganese, and a porphyrin compound on the performance of QDSSCs based on a TiO2/CdS/ZnS photoanode was investigated. First, adding GO and nitrogen into TiO2 has a conspicuous impact on the cell efficacy. Both these materials reduce the recombination rate and expand the specific surface area of TiO2 as well as dye loading, reinforcing cell efficiency value. The maximum power conversion efficiency of QDSSC with a GO N-doped photoelectrode was 2.52%. Second, by employing Mn2+ (5 and 10 wt %) doping of ZnS, we have succeeded in considerably improving cell performance (from 2.52 to 3.47%). The reason for this could be for the improvement of the passivation layer of ZnS by Mn2+ ions, bringing about to a smaller recombination of photoinjected electrons with either oxidized dye molecules or electrolyte at the surface of titanium dioxide. However, doping of 15 wt % Mn2+ had an opposite effect and somewhat declined the cell performance. Finally, a Zn-porphyrin dye was added to the CdS/ZnS by a cosensitization method, widening the light absorption range to the NIR (near-infrared region) (>700 nm), leading to the higher short-circuit current density (JSC) and cell efficacy. Utilizing an environmentally safe porphyrin compound into the structure of QDSSC has dramatically enhanced the cell efficacy to 4.62%, which is 40% higher than that of the result obtained from the TiO2/CdS/ZnS photoelectrode without porphyrin coating.
关键词： graphene oxide,nitrogen doping,manganese doping,quantum dot-sensitized solar cells,cosensitization,Zn-porphyrin,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Passivation of defects in inverted perovskite solar cells by imidazolium-based ionic liquid
摘要： During perovskite film preparation, defects in the film are almost impossible to avoid because of the migration of the halide ions, which is detrimental to achieve high-quality film. In general, the introduction of additive is an effective strategy to control the film morphology and to reduce the defect density. Here, a representative and simplest ionic liquid, 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium bromide (MPIB), is selected as an additive due to its high conductivity and lone-pair electron in its cation group. Remarkably, the adding of MPIB additive into the perovskite film improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 15.9% of pristine device to 18.2%. With the help of characterization analysis of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, etc., two contributions of MPIB additive are addressed: (1) the major one is the passivation of the uncoordinated Pb2+ to reduce the defects in the perovskite film due to the lone-pair electron in its cation group, and (2) the secondary one is beneficial to promote crystal growth to improve the film quality. Hence, this work provides an easy approach to achieve high-performance perovskite solar cell via passivation of the uncoordinated Pb2+ in the perovskite film due to the lone-pair electron in the cation group.
关键词： MPIB,ionic liquid,perovskite solar cells,power conversion efficiency,defect passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Conjugated side-chains engineering of polymer donor enabling improved efficiency for polymer solar cells
摘要： Generally, molecular optimization is widely used to fine-tune the absorption features and energy levels of photovoltaic materials to improve their photovoltaic performance for polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we demonstrate an example that the morphological properties can be effectively optimized by conjugated side-chains engineering on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) unit. The polymer donors PBNT-S with alkylthio-thienyl substitution and PBNP-S with alkylthio-phenyl substitution have identical absorption spectra and energy levels, while exhibit significantly different morphological properties when blended with nonfullerene acceptor Y6. The PBNT-S:Y6 blend shows obviously over crystallinity with excessive domain sizes, while the PBNP-S:Y6 blend realizes better nanoscale phase separation. As a result, a notable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.31% with a high fill factor (FF) of 0.694 is achieved in the PBNP-S:Y6-based device, while the PBNT-S:Y6-based device yields a moderate PCE of 11.10% and a relatively low FF of 0.605. Additionally, PBNP-S shows great potential in semitransparent PSCs, that the PBNP-S:Y6-based semitransparent PSC achieves an outstanding PCE of 11.86%, with an average visible transmittance of 24.3%. The results demonstrate a feasible strategy to manipulate the morphological properties of blend film via rational molecular optimization to improve the photovoltaic performance.
关键词： polymer solar cells,morphological properties,conjugated side-chains engineering,semitransparent PSCs,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Modifications of ZnO Interlayer to Improve the Power Conversion Efficiency of Organic Photovoltaic Cells
摘要： Power conversion efficiency (PCE) is an important parameter in determining the performance of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Various factors lead to enhancement of power conversion efficiency. One such factor is doping of electron transport layer. A substantial increase in the power conversion efficiency of inverted organic solar cells is realized by a ZnO doped buffer layer acting as an electron-transport layer. Different works on Li, Cd, Ga, Al doping, introduction of C60 interface layer in ZnO buffer layer and dual doped system of InZnO-BisC60 have been reviewed here. The Al-doped buffer layer device showed the highest increase in power conversion efficiency.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,Organic photovoltaics,ZnO interlayer,Doping
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Morphological control of TiO2 nanocrystals by solvothermal synthesis for dye-sensitized solar cell applications
摘要： TiO2 nanocrystals TETA1, TPRA2, TIPA3, TBUA4, TTBA5, and TBNA6 were prepared using ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol, tert-butyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol, through the alcohol-based solvothermal method. The morphology, size, and crystallinity of the TiO2 nanocrystals were characterized utilizing transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses. These six TiO2 nanocrystals with different morphologies were used as photoanodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and their cell efficiencies were 8.08 % (TETA1), 8.38 % (TPRA2), 9.18 % (TIPA3), 7.68 % (TBUA4), 7.85 % (TTBA5), and 6.10 % (TBNA6). Among them, the well dispersed rod-shaped one-dimensional TiO2 (TIPA3) photoanode based cell showed the best power conversion efficiency due to its highest dye loading and excellent light-harvesting capacity. This TIPA3 cell demonstrated a fast electron transport rate with suppressed charge recombination which was confirmed from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
关键词： dye loading,TiO2 nanocrystals,power conversion efficiency,solvothermal synthesis,dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Direct Observation of Crystal Engineering in Perovskite Solar Cells in a Moisture-Free Environment using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy and Friction Force Microscopy
摘要： The origin of the increased efficiency of perovskite solar cells by control of environmental humidity was investigated using conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) and friction force microscopy (FFM). The perovskite thin films fabricated in a humidity-free environment exhibited better crystallinity and lower number of trap sites than the films fabricated in a high-humidity environment. Through in-depth analysis using C-AFM and FFM, we found that there was locally decrystallized area in the perovskite structure fabricated in a high-humidity environment. By suppressing local decrystallization in a humidity-free environment, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) was increased by about 122%. This was mainly attributed to increase of the current density that elimination of the locally decrystallized area increase the effective active area. From this perspective, mapping local current and friction force using C-AFM and FFM could be new techniques for visualizing the effect of crystal engineering of perovskite solar cells in a humidity-free environment.
关键词： power conversion efficiency,crystallinity,perovskite solar cells,friction force microscopy,conductive atomic force microscopy,humidity
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57