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Conditional deletion of <i>Des1</i> in the mouse retina does not impair the visual cycle in cones
摘要： Cone photoreceptors are essential for vision under moderate to high illuminance and allow color discrimination. Their fast dark adaptation rate and resistance to saturation are believed to depend in part on an intra-retinal visual cycle that supplies 11-cis-retinaldehyde to cone opsins. Candidate enzymes of this pathway have been reported, but their physiologic contribution to cone photoresponses remains unknown. Here, we evaluate the role of a candidate retinol isomerase of this pathway, sphingolipid d4 desaturase 1 (Des1). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed Des1 expression not only in M ¨uller glia but also throughout the retina and in the retinal pigment epithelium. We assessed cone functional dependence on M ¨uller cell–expressed Des1 through a conditional knockout approach. Floxed Des1 mice, on a guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit a transducin 1 knockout (Gnat1-/-) background to allow isolated recording of cone-driven photoresponses, were bred with platelet-derived growth factor receptor a (Pdgfra)-Cre mice to delete Des1 in M ¨uller cells. Conditional knockout of Des1 expression, as shown by tissue-selective Des1 gene recombination and reduced Des1 catalytic activity, caused no gross changes in the retinal structure and had no effect on cone sensitivity or dark adaptation but did slightly accelerate the rate of cone phototransduction termination. These results indicate that Des1 expression in M ¨uller cells is not required for cone visual pigment regeneration in the mouse.
关键词： Degs1,sphingolipid d(4) desaturase,retinoid cycle,photoreceptor,M ¨uller glia
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Endogenous Fluorophores Enable Two-Photon Imaging of the Primate Eye
摘要： Noninvasive two-photon imaging of a living mammalian eye can reveal details of molecular processes in the retina and RPE. Retinyl esters and all-trans-retinal condensation products are two types of retinoid fluorophores present in these tissues. We measured the content of these two types of retinoids in monkey and human eyes to validate the potential of two-photon imaging for monitoring retinoid changes in human eyes.
关键词： primate retina,retinoid cycle,two-photon microscopy,rod photoreceptors,cone photoreceptors
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46