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Control of Shell Morphology in p-n Heterostructured Water-Processable Semiconductor Colloids: Toward Extremely Efficient Charge Separation
摘要： This article describes p–n heterostructured water-borne semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) with unique surface structures via control of shell morphology. The shell particles, comprising PC60–[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) composite, having n-type semiconductor characteristics, notably influence the charge carrier behavior in the core–shell NPs. A one- or two-phase methodology based on a PC60 surfactant-water phase and PC61BM n-type semiconductor-organic phase provides highly specific control over the shell structure of the NPs, which promote their superior charge separation ability when combined with poly-3-hexyl-thiophene (P3HT). Moreover, the resulting water-borne NP exhibits shell morphology-dependent carrier quenching and stability, which is characterized via luminescence studies paired with structural analysis. Corresponding to the results, outstanding performances of photovoltaic cells with over 5% efficiency are achieved. The results suggest that the surrounding shell environments, such as the shell structure, and its electronic charge density, are crucial in determining the overall activity of the core–shell p–n heterostructured NPs. Thus, this work provides a new protocol in the current fields of water-based organic semiconductor colloids.
关键词： p–n heterostructure,charge separation,water-borne colloids,water-processable nanoparticles,organic semiconducting nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Superstructural Ordering in Hexagonal CuInSe2 Nanoparticles
摘要： Chalcogenide semiconducting nanoparticles are promising building blocks for solution-processed fabrication of optoelectronic devices. In this work, we report a new large-scale colloidal synthesis of metastable CuInSe2 nanoparticles with hexagonal plate-like morphology. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis of the nanoparticles showed that the structure of the nanoparticles is not simple hexagonal wurtzite-type CuInSe2 (space group P63mc), indicating the formation of an ordered superstructure. Detailed insight into this structural aspect was explored by high-resolution electron microscopy, and the results evidence an unreported chemical ordering within the synthesized CuInSe2 nanoparticles. Specifically, while the Se sublattice is arranged in perfect wurtzite subcell, Cu and In are segregated over distinct framework positions, forming domains with lower symmetry. The arrangement of these domains within the hexagonal Se substructure proceeds through the formation of a number of planar defects, mainly twins and antiphase boundaries. As a semiconductor, the synthesized material exhibits a direct optical transition at 0.95 eV, which correlate well with its electronic structure assessed by density functional theory calculations. Overall, these findings may inspire the design and synthesis of other nanoparticles featuring unique chemical ordering; thus, providing an additional possibility of tuning intrinsic transport properties.
关键词： hexagonal plate-like morphology,Chalcogenide,CuInSe2,direct optical transition,chemical ordering,semiconducting nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46