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Speed breeding short-day crops by LED-controlled light schemes
摘要： Key message A simple and rapid speed breeding system was developed for short-day crops that enables up to five generations per year using LED lighting systems that allow very specific adjustments regarding light intensity and quality. Abstract Plant breeding is a key element for future agricultural production that needs to cope with a growing human population and climate change. However, the process of developing suitable cultivars is time-consuming, not least because of the long generation times of crops. Recently, speed breeding has been introduced for long-day crops, but a similar protocol for short-day crops is lacking to date. In this study, we present a speed breeding protocol based on light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that allow to modify light quality, and exemplarily demonstrate its effectiveness for the short-day crops soybean (Glycine max), rice (Oryza sativa) and amaranth (Amaranthus spp.). Adjusting the photoperiod to 10 h and using a blue-light enriched, far-red-deprived light spectrum facilitated the growth of short and sturdy soybean plants that flowered ~ 23 days after sowing and matured within 77 days, thus allowing up to five generations per year. In rice and amaranth, flowering was achieved ~ 60 and ~ 35 days after sowing, respectively. Interestingly, the use of far-red light advanced flowering by 10 and 20 days in some amaranth and rice genotypes, respectively, but had no impact on flowering in soybeans, highlighting the importance of light quality for speed breeding protocols. Taken together, our short-day crops’ speed breeding protocol enables several generations per year using crop-specific LED-based lighting regimes, without the need of tissue culture tools such as embryo rescue. Moreover, this approach can be readily applied to a multi-storey 96-cell tray-based system to integrate speed breeding with genomics, toward a higher improvement rate in breeding.
关键词： light quality,LED lighting,photoperiod,short-day crops,speed breeding
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Plant growth, yield and fruit quality of <i>Fragaria</i> × <i>ananassa</i> genotypes under supplemental LED lighting system and substrate cultivation
摘要： The use of substrates in protected strawberry production is increasing rapidly among growers with the advantages of prolonging the growing season, increasing yield and improving fruit quality. Under protected crop it has been reported that low light conditions may reduce plant productivity. An experiment was conducted from November 2014 to May 2015 to evaluate if light levels during autumn and winter period were limiting for strawberry growth under Portuguese conditions. Plant growth, precocity, total yield and fruit quality of eight Fragaria × ananassa genotypes grown under LED light and without supplemental light, using ‘Camarosa’ as standard cultivar were examined. Fresh bare-rooted plants were cultivated in two commercial substrates, a substrate mix (40% pine bark + 40% peat + 20% coconut fiber) and coconut fiber (100%), under glasshouse located in Oeiras (38°41’N, 09°19’W). Plants exposed to supplemental LED lighting showed a tendency to be more vigorous although this effect was not statistically significant. Fruit yield did not change with LED lighting but on contrast there was a strong effect of substrate (p<0.001) and cultivar (p<0.001) on fruit yield and fruit quality. April and May yields and total fruit yield were higher in plants cultivated in coconut substrate showing higher commercial fruit size. Compared to ‘Camarosa’, ‘Rabida’ plants yielded more and produced the highest early fruit yield among cultivars while other cultivars equaled or produced less. Results demonstrated that light conditions were not limiting for strawberry production in this experiment and that the variation of growth and yield of Fragaria × ananassa relied above all on genotype and substrate type.
关键词： strawberry,day neutral,pine bark,leaf area,short-day,coconut fiber,peat
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Smart Plant Factory (The Next Generation Indoor Vertical Farms) || The Quality and Quality Shifting of the Night Interruption Light Affect the Morphogenesis and Flowering in Floricultural Plants
摘要： The effects of the quality of night interruption (NI) on the morphogenesis and flowering were investigated in Petunia hybrida Hort. “Easy Wave Pink” (qualitative long-day plant), Pelargonium × hortorum L.H. Bailey “Ringo 2000 Violet” (day-neutral plant), and Dendranthema grandiflorum “gaya yellow” (qualitative short-day plant). Plants were grown in a closed-type plant factory under a light intensity of 180 μmol·m?2·s?1 PPFD (photosynthetic photon flux density) provided by white (W) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) under a condition of either long day (LD, 16 h light/8 h dark), short day (SD, 10 h light/14 h dark), or SD with 4 h NI. NI was provided by 10 ± 3 μmol·m?2·s?1 PPFD.
关键词： Day-neutral plant,Long-day plant,Light quality,Morphogenesis,Flowering control,Short-day plant
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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The Effect of Light Intensity and Temperature on Flowering and Morphology of Potted Red Firespike
摘要： Red ?respike (Odontonema strictum) is a tropical ?owering plant that was selected as a potential ?owering potted plant for its attractive red ?oral spikes. The objective of this study was to evaluate how light intensity, photoperiod, and temperature affect the growth and ?owering of ?respike. In Experiment 1, plants were grown under 0%, 45%, or 65% shade and two photoperiod conditions; long-day (LD = ≥14 h) and short-day (SD = 9 h), for 16 weeks. Plants grown under 45% shade + LD were tallest at 35.9 cm, while plants grown under 65% shade + SD were shortest at 22.8 cm. During the ?nishing stage, the number of in?orescences increased when plants were grown under 45% shade + SD, 45% shade + LD, and no shade, with 6, 7, and 9 in?orescences, respectively. In addition, the ?rst open ?ower was observed in the 0% shade group (control) 92 days after starting the experiment. The time to ?rst open ?ower increased when the plants were grown under 65% shade, either under SD or LD. In Experiment 2, plants were grown in controlled environment growth chambers with average daily temperatures of 15, 25, or 35 ?C and an irradiance of 200 μmol·m?2·s?1 for 9 h per day. Plants grown at 25 ?C were the tallest and had the largest leaf area. Plants grown at 15 and 35 ?C had 28% and 22% less leaf area, respectively. The average number of in?orescences in plants grown at 25 ?C was 1.6, while no in?orescence development was observed in plants grown at 15 or 35 ?C by the termination of the experiment. There were no differences between plant growth index or branch number in response to temperature. Under the experimental conditions tested, the most rapid and uniform ?owering of ?respike occurred when plants were grown under no shade or at 25 ?C.
关键词： shade,irradiance,Odontonema strictum,photoperiod,short-day
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14