- 标题
- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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A Wearable Second Skin-Like Multifunctional Supercapacitor with Vertical Gold Nanowires and Electrochromic Polyaniline
摘要： A Wearable Second Skin-Like Multifunctional Supercapacitor with Vertical Gold Nanowires and Electrochromic Polyaniline. An ideal wearable/implantable bio-diagnostics can be powered by second skin-like energy devices in that they offer advantages such as conformal attachment/integration, lightweightness, and moduli-matching properties. Past several years have witnessed encouraging progresses in soft stretchable supercapacitors by various material combinations and design strategies; however, it remains nontrivial to achieve highly flexible high-performance supercapacitors in a skin-thin layout yet with multifunctionality. Here, such a second skin-like electrochromic supercapacitor is demonstrated using self-assembled vertical gold nanowires (v-AuNWs) and electrodeposited polyaniline (PANI). The v-AuNW film is highly conductive yet offers great flexibility and deformability, while PANI plays a dual role in enhancing capacitance and as charge/discharge-level indicator. The assembled supercapacitors offer superior skin-conformability and could achieve an areal specific capacitance of 11.76 mF cm?2 (scan rate of 10 mV s?1) with high durability. A second skin-like wearable tattoo energy device can be designed with negligible performance deterioration under multiple hand movements and skin deformations.
关键词： vertical gold nanowires,skin-conformable,multifunctional,electrochromic
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Improved cosmeceutical phototherapy using microneedle
摘要： Skin rejuvenation is the most popular topic in cosmetic industry. Recently, skin phototherapy is spotlighted among a lot of skin therapies by its advantageous effects and ease of use. Phototherapy has been widely used for cosmeceutical purposes such as anti-aging or anti-bacterial effects. By the optical properties of light, however, the visible lights cannot reach deep inside the skin layer by re?ection and scattering at the outermost boundary of the skin, the stratum corneum and epidermis. This paper describes new method to improve the skin phototherapy using microneedles. We used microneedle as the light transporter like optic ?ber to transport light inside the skin by total internal re?ection. The total internal re?ection inside microneedles was geometrically analyzed and was measured microscopically. The light transmittance with or without a microneedle array was measured using an optical microscope system. Three different ranges of lights (red, green, blue) were exposed on the backside of the microneedle and the light pass through the microneedles. As the results, using microneedles, light transmissivity was dramatically improved even the shorter wavelength of the light (Blue light). Collaboration of phototherapy and microneedle will be a powerful cosmetic and medical tool for skin therapy.
关键词： total internal reflection,microneedles,phototherapy,skin rejuvenation,light transmissivity
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Spectral Imaging Technology - A Review on Skin and Endoscopy Applications
摘要： Spectral imaging technology is an emerging modality that combines the advantages of both imaging and spectroscopy (high spatial and spectral resolution) in one device. The technology has potential in numerous medical imaging and diagnostic applications. In this review, we describe the techniques used to acquire spectral images and the methods used for analyzing spectral images. We then provide detailed review about the progress of the spectral imaging technology in skin and endoscopy applications. This review also covers the recent patents on spectral imaging devices, methods, and data analysis algorithms.
关键词： optical scattering,spectroscopy,Endoscopy,spectral imaging,tissue reflectance,skin diagnosis,medical diagnosis,optical absorption
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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LOW-LEVEL LIGHT-ASSISTED PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY USING A WEARABLE CAP-LIKE DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACTINIC KERATOSIS OF THE SCALP
摘要： Background: Daylight photodynamic therapy (dlPDT) is a painless and increasingly cost-effective treatment for actinic keratosis (AK). New protocols avoid incubation minimizing pain and adverse events. However, it is time-consuming and dependent on specific weather conditions. In patients with AK of the scalp, we evaluated the efficacy of indoor photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a wearable low-level light therapy (LLLT) device, without pre-incubation with a photosensitizing agent. Methods: In this pilot study, 27 patients with thin and moderately thick AK (Olsen Grades I-II) underwent a single 15-minute session of LLLT using a wearable cap-like device immediately after application of methyl-aminolevulinate (MAL) cream, with no prior preparation of the affected area. Treatment efficacy was quantified by measuring the reduction in AK lesion number and the AK quality of life (AKQoL) score. All AK lesions were mapped at baseline for follow-up 2 months later. Paired pre/post scalp biopsies from 5 patients were analysed using histological and immunohistochemical techniques (p53, p27, cyclin D1, p63, and Ki67 expression). Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: In all patients we observed a global reduction in the number of AK lesions (71%; p<0.0001) and AKQoL score (from 5.6 to 4.4; p=0.034) 2 months after treatment. Histology and immunohistochemistry of skin biopsies from 5 patients also revealed marked improvements after LLLT. No patients reported any pain during treatment. Conclusion: PDT using LLLT is a rapid, painless, and efficacious modality for the treatment of AK.
关键词： helmet,skin cancer,low-level laser therapy,Actinic keratosis,photodynamic therapy,methylaminolevulinate
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Real-time measurement of outdoor worker’s exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation in Pretoria, South Africa
摘要： The city of Pretoria in South Africa receives considerable solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) because of its low latitude (22–35°S) and relatively clear skies. Certain meteorological factors affect the amount of solar UVR that reaches the ground; the most dominant factors being stratospheric ozone, cloud cover and solar zenith angle. It is known that overexposure to solar UVR may lead to the development of adverse health conditions, the most significant being skin cancer. Outdoor workers spend a significant amount of time outside and are thus susceptible to this risk. In this case study, we estimated, for the first time, the real-time solar UVR exposure of an outdoor worker in Pretoria. Measurements were made on 27 and 28 May 2013 using a handheld ultraviolet index (UVI) meter calibrated against a science-grade biometer at the South African Weather Service in Pretoria. Personal exposure estimation was used to discern the pattern in diurnal and annual sunburn risk for the outdoor worker. Ambient UVR levels ranged from 0 UVI to 4.66 UVI and the outdoor worker’s potential exposure estimates regularly exceeded 80% of these levels depending on the time of day. The risk of sunburn was evident; however, actual incidents would depend on individual skin photosensitivity and melanin content, as well as sun protection used. Further research is needed to determine the personal exposure estimations of outdoor workers in other provinces in which solar UVR levels may be equally high, or higher than those in Pretoria.
关键词： sunburn,skin phototype,skin cancer,sun-protective measures,meteorological factors
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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SkImager: a concept device for <i>in-vivo</i> skin assessment by multimodal imaging
摘要： A compact prototype device for diagnostic imaging of skin has been developed and tested. Polarized LED light at several spectral regions is used for illumination, and round skin spot of diameter 34 mm or 11 mm is imaged by a CMOS sensor via cross-oriented polarizing filter. Four consecutive imaging series are performed: (1) RGB image at white LED illumination for revealing subcutaneous structures; (2) four spectral images at narrowband LED illumination (450, 540, 660, and 940 nm) for mapping of the main skin chromophores and diagnostic indices; (3) video-imaging under green LED illumination for mapping of skin blood perfusion; (4) autofluorescence video-imaging under UV (365 nm) LED irradiation for mapping of the skin fluorophores. Design details of the device and its software as well as preliminary results of clinical tests are presented.
关键词： optical skin diagnostics,multimodal imaging,skin chromophore and fluorophore mapping
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Photocarcinogenesis & Photoprotection || Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR): An Introduction
摘要： Radiant energy of sun is essential to perform metabolic processes of all flora and fauna on the earth. The electromagnetic radiations (EMR) emitted by sun extend from very long wavelength radiation, such as radiowaves (A ″′ 3 × 108 m), to very short wavelength radiation, such as cosmic rays (A ″′ 3 × 10?19 m). The EMR reaching at the earth surface contains wavelength from 290 to 4000 nm. However, the UV portion covers from 200 to 400 nm. The range from 200 to 400 nm is often arbitrarily categorized into UVA, UVB, and UVC radiation. Solar radiation less than 290 nm does not reach at the earth’s surface due to the presence of O3 layer in stratospheric zone. But, last from few decades due to anthropogenic activities, the concentration of ozone layer decreases on stratospheric zone. As a consequence of that, UVB radiation levels are rising to 1% a year. Thus, the deleterious health effects on human beings (skin aging, cataracts, skin cancer, and immune suppression) are enhanced by UVR.
关键词： Skin cancer,Ozone,UVR,Skin aging,EMR
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 Seventh Balkan Conference on Lighting (BalkanLight) - Varna, Bulgaria (2018.9.20-2018.9.22)] 2018 Seventh Balkan Conference on Lighting (BalkanLight) - Automated Recognition of Affect and Stress evoked by Audio-Visual stimuli
摘要： In the present work, we consider the automated detection of negative emotions and high-arousal negative-valence (HANV) states, which are akin to acute stress occurring in specific context. We investigate the influence and intricacy which subjective perception of negative emotions and acute stress brings to the process of automated recognition of these states. For that purpose we experimentally evaluate the advantages of modelling based on the person-independent tags of the audio-video stimuli, and models built with the person-specific self-reported tags. Based on the self-reported tags, which are obtained with only tiny extra effort, we report a relative improvement of the HANV detection accuracy with up to 5%.
关键词： Stress detection,galvanic skin response (GSR),Emotion recognition,electrocardiography (ECG)
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Diagnostic accuracy of ex vivo fluorescence confocal microscopy for Mohs surgery of basal cell carcinomas: a prospective study on 753 margins
摘要： Background: Frozen histological sections are currently used for intra-operative margin assessment during Mohs surgery. Fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) is a new tool, which offers a promising and faster alternative to frozen histology. Objective: The aim of the present study is to prospectively evaluate in a clinical setting, the accuracy of FCM as compared to frozen sections in BCC’s margin assessment. Methods: Patients with BCC, scheduled for Mohs surgery were prospectively enrolled. Freshly-excised surgical specimens were first examined through FCM and then frozen sections were evaluated. Permanent sections were finally obtained, in order to validate our sample technique. A blind re-evaluation was also performed for discordant cases between FCM and frozen sections. Sensitivity and specificity levels, as well as positive and negative predicting values were calculated and ROC curves were generated. Results: We enrolled 127 BCCs in as many patients (40.2% females). A total number of 753 sections were examined. All BCCs were located on the head and neck area. When evaluating the performance of FCM as compared to frozen sections 79.8% sensitivity, 95.8% specificity, 80.5% positive predicting and 95.7% negative predicting values were found (Area Under the Curve: .88, 95%CI .84-.92; P<.001). A total of 49 discordant cases between FCM and frozen sections evaluations were blindly re-evaluated, of which 24 were false positive and 25 false negative. The performance of FCM and frozen sections was also evaluated according to the final histopathological assessment. Conclusions: We found high levels of accuracy for FCM as compared to frozen sections evaluation, in intra-operative BCC’s margin assessment during Mohs surgery. Some technical issues still prevent a wide use of this technique, but new upcoming devices promise to overcome these limitations.
关键词： basal cell carcinoma,fluorescence confocal microscopy,Mohs surgery,skin cancer,ex vivo confocal microscopy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Effects of Skin Surface Temperature on Photoplethysmograph
摘要： Photoplethysmograph (PPG) has been widely used to investigate various cardiovascular conditions. Previous studies demonstrated effects of temperature of the measurement environment; however, an integrated evaluation has not been established in environments with gradual air temperature variation. The purpose of this study is to investigate variations and relationships of blood pressure (BP), PPG and cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR), by changing skin surface temperature (SST). Local mild cooling and heating was conducted on 16 healthy subjects. The results showed that local SST changes affected Finometer blood pressures (Finger BP), PPG components and TPR, but not the oscillometric blood pressure (Central BP), HR, SV and CO, and indicated that temperature must be maintained and monitored to reliably evaluate cardiovascular conditions in temperature-varying environments.
关键词： skin surface temperature,Photoplethysmography,vasodilation,local cooling and heating,vasoconstriction,cardiovascular status
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46