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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 20th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom) - Ostrava (2018.9.17-2018.9.20)] 2018 IEEE 20th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom) - Supervised Level Sets For Dermoscopic Image Segmentation
摘要： In this paper, we propose a novel segmentation method that has been used for segmenting lesions in dermoscopy images. This method uses the variational level sets formulation with a novel area term based on supervised learning that results in the global optimization of a cost function, that can potentially result in a robust segmentation of the images. This term uses a mixture of Gaussians that are trained from a set of training images, and evolves an active contour such that the difference between the learned models and the empirical distributions obtained from the evolving curve for both the lesion and the skin are minimized. In the end, our approach is validated on the publicly available PH2 dermoscopy imaging dataset and the results show that the proposed method outperforms the other state-of-the-art methods that have been considered in this paper.
关键词： Gaussian mixture models,Variational level sets,Segmentation,Skin cancer,Dermoscopy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Automatic detection of perforator vessels using infrared thermography in reconstructive surgery
摘要： Purpose Knowing the location of the blood vessels supplying the skin and subcutaneous tissue is a requirement during the planning of tissue transfer in reconstructive surgery. Commonly used imaging techniques such as computed tomography angiography and indocyanine green angiography expose the patient to radiation or a contrast agent, respectively. Infrared thermal imaging was evaluated with success as a non-invasive alternative. To support the interpretation of thermograms, a method to automatically detect the perforators was developed and evaluated. Methods A system consisting of a thermal camera, a PC and custom software was developed. The temperature variations of the skin surface were analysed to extract the perforator locations. A study was conducted to assess the performance of the algorithm by comparing the detection results of the algorithm with manually labelled thermal images by two clinicians of the deep inferior epigastric perforator ?ap of 20 healthy volunteers. Results The F measure, precision and recall were used to evaluate the system performance. The median F measure is 0.833, the median precision is 0.80, and the median recall is 0.907. Conclusion The results of this study showed that it is possible to automatically and reliably detect the skin perforators in thermograms despite their weak temperature signature. Infrared thermal imaging is a non-invasive and contactless approach suitable for intraoperative use. Combined with a computer-assisted tool for the automatic detection of perforator vessels, it is a relevant alternative intraoperative imaging method to the standard indocyanine green angiography.
关键词： Non-invasive imaging,Operation planning,Skin transplant,Automatic segmentation
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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A Photon-Responsive Antibacterial Nanoplatform for Synergistic Photothermal-/Pharmaco- Therapy of Skin Infection
摘要： Abuse of antibiotics and their residues in the environment result in the emergence and prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria and lead to serious health problems. Herein, a photon-controlled antibacterial platform that can efficiently kill drug-resistant bacteria and avoid the generation of new bacterial resistance was designed by encapsulating black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) and pharmaceutical inside a thermal-sensitive liposome. The antibacterial platform can release pharmaceutical in a spatial-, temporal- and dosage-controlled fashion since the BPQDs can delicately generate heat under near-infrared (NIR) light stimulation to disrupt the liposome. This user-defined delivery of drug can greatly reduce the antibiotic dosage, thus avoiding the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and preventing the generation of superbugs. Moreover, by coupling the photothermal effect with antibiotics, this antibacterial platform achieved a synergistic photothermal-/pharmaco- therapy with significantly improved antibacterial efficiency towards drug-resistant bacteria. The antibacterial platform was further employed to treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria-caused skin abscess and it displayed excellent antibacterial activity in vivo, promising its potential clinical applications. Additionally, the antibacterial mechanism was further investigated. The developed photon-controlled antibacterial platform can open new possibilities for avoiding bacterial resistance and efficiently killing antibiotic-resistant bacteria, making it valuable in fields ranging from anti-infective therapy to precision medicine.
关键词： black phosphorus,drug-resistant bacteria,skin abscess,liposome,photothermal therapy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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SmartPatch: A Self-Powered and Patchable Cumulative UV Irradiance Meter
摘要： Ultraviolet (UV) irradiance affects human bodies both positively and negatively. We introduce SmartPatch, a self-powered, small-form-factor, light-weight, low-cost, and a patch-type UV meter, that provides a scienti?c measure of UV irradiation on a particular skin area. It is powered by a tiny PV (photovoltaic) cell without a battery and a power converter and performs UI (user interface) without a physical switch.
关键词： UV irradiance meter,Ultraviolet,dynamic power management,skin damage
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Original paper Efficacy and safety of electronic brachytherapy for superficial and nodular basal cell carcinoma
摘要： Purpose: Surface electronic brachytherapy (EBT) is an alternative radiotherapy solution to external beam electron radiotherapy and high-dose-rate radionuclide-based brachytherapy. In fact, it is also an alternative solution to surgery for a subgroup of patients. The objective of this work is to confirm the clinical efficacy, toxicity and cosmesis of a new EBT system, namely Esteya? in the treatment of nodular and superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Material and methods: This is a prospective single-center, non-randomized pilot study to assess the efficacy and safety of EBT in nodular and superficial BCC using the Esteya? system. The study was conducted from June 2014 to February 2015. The follow up time was 6 months for all cases. Results: Twenty patients with 23 lesions were included. A complete response was documented in all lesions (100%). A low level of toxicity was observed after the 4th fraction in all cases. Erythema was the most frequent adverse event. Cosmesis was excellent, with more than 60% of cases without skin alteration and with subtle changes in the rest. Conclusions: Electronic brachytherapy with Esteya? appears to be an effective, simple, safe, and comfortable treatment for nodular and superficial BCC associated with excellent cosmesis. It could be a good choice for elderly patients, patients with contraindications for surgery (due to comorbidities or anticoagulant drugs) or patients where surgery would result in a more disfiguring outcome. A longer follow-up and more studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
关键词： electronic brachytherapy,skin brachytherapy,basal cell carcinoma,skin cancer
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Risk of skin cancer in psoriasis patients receiving long‐term narrowband ultraviolet phototherapy: results from a Taiwanese population‐based cohort study
摘要： Background: Narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy is a widely used treatment for various dermatoses. The risk of skin cancer following long term NB-UVB phototherapy has rarely been explored in skin phototypes III-V. Methods: We conducted a nationwide matched cohort study and identified a total of 22,891 psoriasis patients starting NB-UVB phototherapy from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database during the period 2000-2013. Cumulative incidences of skin cancers were compared between subjects receiving less than 90 UVB treatments (S-cohort, N=13,260) and age- as well as propensity score-matched subjects receiving more than or equal to 90 UVB treatments (L-cohort, N=3,315). Results: There were no significant differences in the overall cumulative incidences of skin cancers between the two cohorts (log-rank t test, P = 0.691) during the follow-up periods. The S-cohort had a significantly lower prevalence of actinic keratosis when compared with the L-cohort (0.54% versus 1.00%, P=0.005). Conclusion: Long-term NB-UVB phototherapy does not increase skin cancer risk compared to short-term NB-UVB phototherapy in psoriasis patients with skin phototypes III-V.
关键词： skin phototype,nationwide cohort study,skin cancer,narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNATURES OF HUMAN SKIN IN THE MILLIMETER WAVE BAND 80-100 GHZ
摘要： Due to changes in global security requirements attention is turning to new means by which anomalies on the human body might be identi?ed. For security screening systems operating in the millimeter wave band anomalies can be identi?ed by measuring the emissivities of subjects. As the interaction of millimeter waves with the human body is only a fraction of a millimeter into the skin and clothing has a small, but known e?ect, precise measurement of the emission and re?ection of this radiation will allow comparisons with the norm for that region of the body and person category. A technique to measure the human skin emissivity in vivo over the frequency band 80 GHz to 100 GHz is developed and described. The mean emissivity values of the skin of a sample of 60 healthy participants (36 males and 24 females) measured using a 90 GHz calibrated radiometer were found to range from 0.17±0.005 to 0.68±0.005. The lower values of emissivity are a result of measuring particularly thin skin on the inner wrist, volar side of the forearm, and back of hand, whereas higher values of emissivity are results of measuring thick skin on the outer wrist, dorsal surface of the forearm, and palm of hand. The mean di?erences in the emissivity between Asian and European male participants were calculated to be in the range of 0.04 to 0.11 over all measurement locations. Experimental measurements of the emissivity for male and female participants having normal and high body mass index indicate that the mean di?erences in the emissivity are in the range of 0.05 to 0.15 for all measurement locations. These results show the quantitative variations in the skin emissivity between locations, gender, and individuals. The mean di?erences in the emissivity values between dry and wet skin on the palm of hand and back of hand regions were found to be 0.143 and 0.066 respectively. These results con?rm that radiometry can, as a non-contact method, identify surfaces attached to the human skin in tens of seconds. These results indicate a route to machine anomaly detection that may increase the through-put speed, the detection probabilities and reduce the false alarm rates in security screening portals.
关键词： radiometry,security screening,emissivity,human skin,millimeter wave
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Application of Analytic Technique Using Green Light Parallel-Polarized Light Images in Various Skin Diseases
摘要： Ordinary photography may not fully represent patients’ skin status, but digital photography using a consistent and appropriate light-emitting diode (LED) illuminator could provide more objective and reliable images and colorimetric data. Previous studies have shown that parallel-polarized light (PPL) images taken with green LED show more significant quantitative differences, depending on the state of the skin, than those taken with white LED. This study aimed to determine the skin diseases appropriate for an analytic technique using PPL images taken with green and white LEDs.
关键词： green light,parallel-polarized light images,analytic technique,skin diseases
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Highly conformal CT based surface mould brachytherapy for non-melanoma skin cancers of earlobe and nose
摘要： Purpose: Brachytherapy (BT), due to rapid dose fall off and minor set-up errors, should be superior to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for treatment of lesions in difficult locations like nose and earlobe. Evidences in this field are scarce. We describe computed tomography (CT) based surface mould BT for non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), and compare its conformity, dose coverage, and tissue sparing ability to EBRT. Material and methods: We describe procedure of preparation of surface mould applicator and dosimetry parameters of BT plans, which were implemented in 10 individuals with NMSC of nose and earlobe. We evaluated dose coverage by minimal dose to 90% of planning target volume (PTV) (D90), volumes of PTV receiving 90-150% of prescribed dose (PD) (VPTV90-150), conformal index for 90 and 100% of PD (COIN90, COIN100), dose homogeneity index (DHI), dose nonuniformity ratio (DNR), exposure of organs. Prospectively, we created CT-based photons and electrons plans. We compared conformity (COIN90, COIN100), dose coverage of PTV (D90, VPTV90, VPTV100), volumes of body receiving 10-90% of PD (V10-V90) of EBRT and BT plans. Results: We obtained mean BT-DHI = 0.76, BT-DNR = 0.23, EBRT-DHI = 1.26. We observed no significant differences in VPTV90 and D90 between BT and EBRT. Mean BT-VPTV100 (89.4%) was higher than EBRT-VPTV100 (71.2%). Both COIN90 (BT-COIN90 = 0.46 vs. EBRT-COIN90 = 0.21) and COIN100 (BT-COIN100 = 0.52 vs. EBRT-COIN100 = 0.26) were superior for BT plans. We observed more exposure of normal tissues for small doses in BT plans (V10, V20), for high doses in EBRT plans (V70, V90). Conclusions: Computed tomography-based surface mould brachytherapy for superficial lesions on irregular surfaces is a highly conformal method with good homogeneity. Brachytherapy is superior to EBRT in those locations in terms of conformity and normal tissue sparing ability in high doses.
关键词： skin cancer,ear,mould,nose,brachytherapy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM) - Chengdu (2018.3.26-2018.3.28)] 2018 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM) - Terahertz Wave Scattering by Skin Cancer Tissues
摘要： This paper presents an approximate method for analysis of scattering by skin cancer tissues at Terahertz. The complex dielectric parameters of skin tissues are based on the double Debye model. The cancer tissue is taken to be a weak disturbance to the bulk skin organ. Born approximation is used to calculate the scattering field by the equivalent volume currents of cancer tissues in a layered configuration. Discrete complex image method is employed to evaluate the Sommerfeld-type integral. Numerical results show that the proposed approach is efficient and viable.
关键词： Born approximation,Terahertz scattering,skin cancer tissues,double Debye model
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14