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Temperature uniformity enhancement of densely packed high concentrator photovoltaic module using four quadrants microchannel heat sink
摘要： The dense solar radiation received by a high concentration photovoltaic module (HCPVM) causes a high cell temperature. In this module, multiple solar cells were electrically connected in both series and parallel. The higher temperature of the solar cell in the series string limits the generated power for the whole string. Therefore, it is crucial to employ a uniform cooling mechanism for higher electrical performance along with a longer lifespan. The uniform cooling is required to attain safe operating temperature and prevent the hot spot formation. Hence, in the current work, a four-compartment microchannel heat sink is proposed for the thermal management of HCPVM under high solar concentration of 1000 suns (1 sun = 1000 W/m2). A three-dimensional (3D) conjugate heat transfer model with exergy analysis is developed and validated. This model was used to investigate the effect of inlet and outlet orientation of four quadrants microchannel heat sink as a cooling method for HCPVM. Eight different orientations of parallel-flow and counter-flow conditions were investigated and compared in terms of temperature non-uniformity, module power, and exergy performance. The results showed that the inlet and outlet orientation was a key role affecting the module temperature non-uniformity. For the counter-flow operated heat sinks, the HCPVM can be operated under a temperature non-uniformity of 3.1 °C at total inlet module mass flowrate of 350 g/min and solar concentration ratio of 1000 suns. In addition, the attained HCPVM electrical, thermal, and overall exergy efficiency were 37.2%, 8.2%, and 45.4% respectively at the same conditions.
关键词： Densely packed module,Solar concentration ratio,Exergy analysis,Microchannel heat sink,Uniform cooling
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Combined solar concentration and carbon nanotube absorber for high performance solar thermoelectric generators
摘要： Solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs) is one of the most important technologies for solar energy conversion. However, the inefficiency due to coupling constraints such like low working temperature and dimensionless figure of merit of the thermoelectric materials, also known as material’s ZT value, has been hampering the development of STEGs for a time. Here we demonstrate a high performance STEG system combined with solar concentrators and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) absorber, which can greatly improve the solar-thermal conversion process. The proposed STEG system enables a peak efficiency of 4.3% with solar concentration of 78, and a maximum power of 11.2 W at 106× suns. The enhanced efficiency is ensured by the optimized system thermodynamics due to the combination of solar concentration devices and CNT based solar absorber. Our design provides a universal prototype of solar thermal energy recovery system for distributed energy harvesting and deep-space explorations.
关键词： Thermodynamics,Carbon nanotube,Solar concentration,Thermoelectricity,Energy harvesting
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 1st International Conference on Advances in Science, Engineering and Robotics Technology (ICASERT) - Dhaka, Bangladesh (2019.5.3-2019.5.5)] 2019 1st International Conference on Advances in Science, Engineering and Robotics Technology (ICASERT) - Effect of Solar Concentration on Performance of Perovskite Solar Cell: A detailed balance study
摘要： As a perovskite material, methylammonium lead iodide has become more popular for its flexibility, low-cost, lightweight, thin film and high power conversion capability in photovoltaic research community. In this work, we have explored the effect of solar concentration on PV performance for methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite solar cell computationally. To calculate the band structure, bandgap and density of states (DOS) of CH3NH3PbI3, density functional theory (DFT) is used here. The detailed balance method is employed to figure out the effect of concentration on performance of perovskite solar cell. We have calculated performance parameters of CH3NH3PbI3 solar cell for two solar spectra AM 1.5 G and AM 1.5 D. All calculations have been performed at different solar concentrations ranging from no concentration to full concentration for both types solar spectra. It is found that the solar cell efficiency at 1.5 G spectrum is higher than 1.5 D solar spectrum at any solar concentration. These results may impact future research on perovskite solar cell.
关键词： Perovskite solar cell (PSC),solar concentration,PCE,density functional theory (DFT),detailed balance limit
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Up-Conversion Threshold under Concentrated Sunlight
摘要： We investigate the two-photon threshold of rare-earth up-conversion under concentrated sunlight, in a solar furnace that generates an irradiance of up to 2606 suns on the samples. One of the most efficient up-converters currently available, NaYF4: Er3+ was used. We established a threshold by experimentally observing the transition for up-conversion photoluminescence from a quadratic relation to linear relation as solar concentration was increased. We further investigated the role of energy transfer on the threshold, observing the same threshold for a higher Er3+ content of 50%, but a threshold that exceeds 2300 suns at 15% Er3+. In this way, a tangible limit for the benefit and effect of solar concentration on up-conversion can be obtained for photovoltaic and solar thermal applications.
关键词： photovoltaic,concentrated sunlight,up-conversion,photoluminescence,solar concentration,solar thermal applications
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52