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Concentrated photovoltaic and thermal system application for fresh water production
摘要： This study was conducted to investigate the performance of Concentrated Photovoltaic/Thermal system (CPV/T) coupled with direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for saline water desalination. A numerical heat and mass flux model was constructed to investigate the feasibility of freshwater production. The average electrical efficiency was found to be about 18%, while thermal efficiency increased to an average of 25% and the total efficiency reached an average of 71%. The CPV/T efficiency with the cooling loop reached 19.26% at the peak time of the process. Eventually, the DCMD produced 3 kg/m2/h of fresh water and consumed thermal energy of about 9200 kJ/kg water. Moreover, the water mass flux decreased from 3 L/m2/h to 1.8 L/m2/h in a nonlinear manner. When the gain output ratio (GOR) of the system reaches 2.6 efficiency value or greater, the water outlet temperature from the CPV/T can increase along with the water permeate flux produced by the coupled system. In contrast, if the temperature of the outlet water from the CPV/T system is low, the feed water temperature in the heat exchanger also decreases. As a result, a significant decrease is observed in the feed inlet temperature of the DCMD module.
关键词： Membrane distillation,Solar desalination,Concentrated flat plate solar photovoltaic–thermal,Solar energy,Water desalination
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Performance of Solar Photovoltaic panel using Forced convection of water-based CuO nanofluid: An Understanding
摘要： Most of the conventional Solar Photovoltaic module consists of a Silicon cell that converts sunlight into electric energy. The process of conversion into electricity is exothermic and all photons are not able to produce electricity due to insufficient energy. Depending upon efficiency to convert it into electricity only the small amount of radiations are used and rest all are involved in increasing the temperature of the module. Study shows that 80% of incident solar radiation are absorbed by a solar photovoltaic cell. This increases the temperature of the module, reduces its electrical efficiency. This increase in temperature affects the power output and lifespan of the PV module. So to maintain the temperature of the module various cooling methods such as air cooling, hydraulic cooling, heat pipe cooling, cooling with phase change materials and cooling with nanofluids have been reported in the literature. The use of suitable nanofluids is one of the effective methods to increase thermal capacitance and control the temperature rise of the PV module. To increase the performance of the system thermal properties of working fluid must be improved which is achieved by using suitable additives with the base fluid which are referred to as nanofluids. Using Copper oxide/water as a working fluid analysis was performed. It was concluded that performance can be improved significantly if we integrate the system with a good heat exchanger. In this paper, the effect of CuO based nanofluids as a cooling medium for a PV module has been reported.
关键词： Solar photovoltaic,Thermal efficiency,cut off voltage,Electrical efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Performance assessment of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal and heat pump system for solar heating and electricity
摘要： This work investigates a solar combined heat and power systems based on hybrid photovoltaic-thermal heat pump systems for the simultaneous provision of space heating and electricity to residential homes. The analysed system connects a photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) panel, through a PVT water tank, to a heat pump. The study is based on quasi-steady state heat transfer and thermodynamic analysis that takes incremental time steps to solve for the fluids temperature changes from the heat pump and the solar PVT panels. The effects of solar irradiance, size of the water tank and the water flow rate in the PVT pipes (laminar and turbulent) on the performance of the system are analysed. Particular focus is made towards the efficiency (electrical and thermal) of the PVT and the COP of the heat pump. Results show that the minimum COP of the heat pump is 4.2, showing the high performance of the proposed hybrid system. Increasing the water flowrate through the PVT panel from 3L/min (laminar) to 17L/min (turbulent) increases the PVT’s total efficiency (electrical + thermal) from 61% to 64.5%. Increasing the size of the PVT water tank from 1L to 100L, increases the total efficiency of the PVT panel by 6.5%.
关键词： quasi-steady state modelling,heat pump,solar photovoltaic-thermal,hybrid system
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Performance enhancement of a photovoltaic thermal (PVT) and ground-source heat pump system
摘要： A new system consisting of photovoltaic thermal-ground source heat pump (PV/T-GSHP) was proposed as a solution for electricity shortage and high electricity consumption in heating buildings in Jordan. The performances of the photovoltaic system and the ground source heat pump system were studied without coupling as in real life and with coupling in a hybrid system using TRNSYS software. The results show that this PV/T-GSHP hybrid system can reduce the photovoltaic panels' temperature by more than 20 °C, and improve the e?ciency of electricity production by 9.5 %, simultaneously. And in heating season the average coe?cient of performance of the heat pumps increased from 4.6 to 6.2 with a decreament in electricity consumption by 25.7 %. The life cycle cost of the hybrid system decreased by 3.9 % and the net present value inceased by 13.2 % compared to the two systems separated. The model of the PV/T-GSHP system was established using TRNSYS software, an optimmi-zation was made to select the photovoltaic modules' temperature at which cooling starts, followed by technical and economical studies on both systems separated and coupled in a hybrid system. This hybrid system can provide guidance for future related project.
关键词： Hybrid system,Ground-source heat pump,TRNSYS,Renewable energy,Solar photovoltaic/thermal
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A Detailed Optimisation of Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Systems and its Application.
摘要： There have been various studies and experimental results analysing the operational behaviour of PVT, most of which has been done at steady state or quasi-state. Variable factors can be controlled to optimise the PVT output such as mass flow rate, irradiation falling on the PVT through tracking or incidence angles in a day and fixed factors that depend on the design of the chosen PVT system as well as location parameters such as ambient temperature, wind speed, Transport Fluid used, Difference in Structure, Packing Density, Nominal operating temperature, stagnation temperatures, Fill Factor, Thickness of each layer, Location and Latitude and Heat removal factor (harp or serpentine design). The aim of this research is to validate and predict the dynamic behaviour of PVT systems while accurately describing the factor responsible for the loss of efficiency at any point in time under various weather constraints. A commercial system was considered (Solar Angel PVT system) here and is simulated for an entire year. The system was modelled in MATLAB and solved in implicit RK-4 method. The research question finds out to establish the basis for a standard testing protocol for assessing PV-T performance throughout various differences. It also analyses the long-term dynamic performance of PV/T technology by providing evidential data analysis (solar irradiance, heat and electricity, ambient temperature, operational temperatures, flow rates and thermal storage capacity) while completing an assessment of PVT behaviour with respect to an equivalent PV under different weather conditions. The flow rates, heat removal factor and the location affect the thermal behaviour of the PV/T to a greater extent than nominal temperatures and stagnation temperatures.
关键词： Electric and Thermal Energy,Solar Photovoltaic thermal systems,Optimising,Solar Energy,Dynamic Modelling,Optimal operation of PVT,PVT systems with storage
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22