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Gradient Formation and Charge Carrier Dynamics of CuBiI4 based Perovskite-like Solar Cells
摘要： Designing lead-free inorganic perovskite or perovskite-like structure materials and researching the corresponding photoinduced charge carrier dynamics are always promising due to both the environment and power conversion efficiency considerations. In this work, we intelligently employ bilayer metal Bi/Cu thin film with different atomic ratios as precursor to in-situ fabricate CuBiI4 perovskite-like film with controlled Bi gradient at room temperature. This structure can significantly affect the photoinduced charge carrier dynamic of the resulting products. Next, a series of transient surface photovoltage (TSPV) measurements have been carried out to investigate the photoinduced charge carrier dynamics of such CuBiI4 and CuBiI4: organic hybrid thin films. It reveals that the gradually decreased Bi content from ITO to CuBiI4 can help the photoinduced charge carrier transportation. Finally, a champion PCE of 1.10% has been obtained from an ITO/ CuBiI4: polythieno[3,4-b]-thiophene-co-benzodithiophene (PTB7)/ Au solar cell device. In particular, we find an exact negative correlation of the defined parameter L (the defined value for evaluating the photoinduced charge carrier dynamic in TSPV measurements) with the corresponding PCE of various devices for the first time, which may pave a new way for evaluating the potential photoelectric and photovoltaic performances of new materials without assembly of solar cell devices.
关键词： CuBiI4,solar cell,photoinduced charge carrier dynamics,lead-free inorganic perovskite,transient surface photovoltage
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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FDTD simulation studies on improvement of light absorption in organic solar cells by dielectric nanoparticles
摘要： In this paper, we present a systematic design and analysis of organic solar cell (OSC) by embedding dielectric nanoparticles layer at anode. Using numerical simulations, we show that there is improvement in the light absorption in the active layer of the device using nanoparticles. The nanoparticles will act as scattering medium for the incident light and hence trap the light inside the device. For the light scattered at different angles, the optical path length in the active medium is increased and this leads to more absorption of light in the active layer and thereby increase in the efficiency. The scattering efficiency and hence the absorption of solar radiation for generation of current depends on the particle size, inter-particle separation and the refractive index contrast between the particles and the embedding medium. Mie theory has been used to calculate the scattering efficiency of nanoparticles. The effect on light absorption and current density of OSC due to nanoparticles has been carried out using finite difference time domain analysis. It is shown that the proposed OSC structure increases the light absorption in the active layer of the device by 40% and short circuit current density by 34%.
关键词： Organic solar cell,Dielectric nanoparticles,Light absorption,Scattering efficiency,Optical simulation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Ideal efficiency of resonant cavity-enhanced perovskite solar cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant attention in recent years due to the rapid increase in device efficiency (reaching over 25% in 2019), ease of fabrication, and the potential to produce low-cost photovoltaic modules. In this paper we have determined the ideal power conversion efficiency and quantum efficiency of PSCs with the p–i–n device structure, where p is the hole transport layer, i is the perovskite absorber layer, and n is the electron transport layer. The absorption of incident light occurs in a thin perovskite layer, the thickness of which is comparable to the wavelength of absorbed light. We take into account interference effects when the PSC structure is represented by a Fabry–Perot resonator. The optical flux within the absorbing layer is calculated as a function of the spatial coordinate (in the direction of the layer thickness), for a certain wavelength, at the normal incident light. The power quantum efficiency is calculated assuming that the incident light source is a blackbody at the temperature of the Sun, as well as for the AM1.5g standard solar spectrum. The results obtained by using the derived expressions that take into account the interference effects are compared with those obtained by neglecting these effects.
关键词： Resonant cavity,Efficiency,Perovskite,Solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Effect of front surface light trapping structures on the PERC solar cell
摘要： Properties of the front textured surface shape and anti-reflection coating have a great impact on the performance of solar cells. In this paper, the simulation model of the minimum unit cell structure is established and validated, which is based on the framework of Silvaco software and basic parameters of the standard pyramid textures single crystalline silicon PERC solar cell. The effect of the front surface light trapping structures on cell performance is discussed. It is found that the slightly concave pyramid-like textures can improve the response for short wavelengths and the short-circuit current density of the cell is increased by 0.3 mA/cm2, which is improved by 0.80%. In addition, by properly controlling the preparation process of the anti-reflection coating, a gradient-index SiOxNy/Si3N4 double-layer anti-reflection coating (DLARC) can be formed, which can significantly reduce the reflectivity for short wavelengths. And the short-circuit current density of the cell can be increased by 0.32 mA/cm2, which is improved by 0.86%. Finally, the optimized slightly concave pyramid-like textures and the SiOxNy/Si3N4 DLARC can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the PERC solar cell by 0.18% and 0.20%, respectively.
关键词： Texturing,PERC solar cell,Light trapping,Device simulation,Anti-reflection coating
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Naphthalene imide dimer as interface engineering material: An efficient strategy for achieving high-performance perovskite solar cells
摘要： How to design and synthesize interfacial engineered materials that have efficient surface passivation and electron extraction properties is an important problem in the field of optoelectronic materials. Herein, a simple naphthalene imide dimer, namely 2FBT2NDI, is developed by Stille coupling reaction with a high yield, and it is used as interface engineering for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSC). Owing to the existence of intermolecular interactions between MAPbI3 and the 2FBT2NDI layer, the introduction of the interfacial layer can passivate the surface defects of perovskite film and improve interface contact. In addition, 2FBT2NDI exhibits suitable energy levels and high electron mobility because of its large linear conjugated skeleton containing two fluorine atoms, which are beneficial for electron extraction for efficient PSCs. Employing 2FBT2NDI as an interfacial layer, inverted PSCs show a maximum power conversion efficiency of 20.1%, which is over 14% higher than that of the control devices without interfacial layer (17.1%). These results highlight that the naphthalene imide dimer can potentially be used as a commercializable interfacial material for achieving high-performance PSCs.
关键词： electron extraction,perovskite solar cell,naphthalene imide,surface passivation,interface engineering
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Reliability and Ecological Aspects of Photovoltaic Modules || Emerging Thin Film Solar Panels
摘要： Utilizing of photovoltaics (PVs) has been rapidly developing over the past two decades due to its potential for transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy based economies. However, PVs as fuel less energy sources will be sustainable if some issues such as raw materials abundance, production cost, and environmental impacts carefully addressed in their value chains. Among PV technologies, thin film solar panels have been illustrated the potential to reach the sustainability. In this chapter we review some studies about environmental impacts of thin film PVs through life cycle assessment (LCA) and some environmental fate modeling. For the PV technologies, LCA studies need to be conducted to address environmental and energy impacts and encourage the development of PV technologies in a better sustainable way. Three methods of impact assessment in LCA are reviewed and compared, namely, Energy Payback Time (EPBT), Cumulative Energy Demand (CED), and Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emission rate, owing to data and information published in the literature. Generally, most results show promising potential of emerging thin film PVs, especially perovskite solar cells, to reach the best sustainable solution among PV technologies in near future.
关键词： perovskite solar cell,sustainable energy,emerging thin film photovoltaics,life cycle assessment,environmental impact
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Composite electrode of TiO2 particles with three kinds of crystal phases for significantly improved performance of dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： A novel composite electrode of TiO2 particles with three kinds of crystal phases is fabricated for improving the dye-sensitized solar cell's performance. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell with the content of 30 wt% brookite nanocubes and 70 wt% P25 could reach 7.40%. It is obvious that brookite nanocubes are advantageous in terms of reduced charge recombination and higher voltage. On the other hand, P25 gives advantages of high surface area for dye loading and higher charge collection efficiency. This work shows a new photoelectrode design for enhanced energy conversion of DSSCs.
关键词： Composite electrode,Dye-sensitized solar cell,Brookite titania,Photoelectrochemcial property,Photovoltaic conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Enhancing fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell performance using integrated metallic grids to improve carbon electrode conductivity
摘要： Carbon based Perovskite Solar cells (C-PSCs) have emerged as the most promising candidates for commercialisation in the field of perovskite photovoltaics, as they are highly stable, low cost and make use of easily scaled manufacturing techniques. However, the limited conductivity of the carbon electrode inhibits performance and represents a significant barrier to commercial application. Τhis work presents a scalable method for enhancing the carbon electrode conductivity through the integration of aluminium and copper grids into prefabricated C-PSCs. Adhered to the cells using an additional low temperature carbon ink, the metallic grids were found to dramatically reduce top electrode series resistance, leading to a large improvement in fill factor and efficiency. After grid integration, the 1 cm2 C-PSCs yielded power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4% and 13% for copper and aluminium respectively, while standard C-PSCs obtained PCE of 11.3%. Performance is also significantly augmented in the case of larger-scale 11.7 cm2 modules, where PCEs went from 7.7% to 10% and 11% for aluminium and copper grids respectively. This technique offers a fast and low temperature route to high-performance, large-area C-PSCs and could therefore have serious potential for application to the high-volume manufacture of perovskite cells and modules.
关键词： Module,Carbon based perovskite solar cell,Enhanced efficiency,Low temperature carbon ink,Metallic grid,Highly conductive carbon electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Successes and Challenges Associated with Solution Processing of Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cells on Titanium Substrates
摘要： Roll-to-roll (R2R) processing of solution-based Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZT(S,Se)) solar cells on flexible metal foil is an attractive way to achieve cost-effective manufacturing of photovoltaics. In this work we report the first successful fabrication of solution-processed CZTS devices on a variety of titanium substrates with up to 2.88% power conversion efficiency (PCE) collected on flexible 75 μm Ti foil. A comparative study of device performance and properties is presented aiming to address key processing challenges. First, we show that a rapid transfer of heat through the titanium substrates is responsible for the accelerated crystallisation of kesterite films characterised with small grain size, a high density of grain boundaries and numerous pore sites near the Mo/CZTS interface which affect charge transport and enhance recombination in devices. Following this, we demonstrate the occurrence of metal ion diffusion induced by the high temperature treatment required for the sulfurization of the CZTS stack: Ti4+ ions are observed to migrate upwards to the Mo/CZTS interface whilst Cu1+ and Zn2+ ions diffuse through the Mo layer into the Ti substrate. Finally, residual stress data confirm the good adhesion of stacked materials throughout the sequential solution process. These findings are evidenced by combining electron imaging observations, elemental depth profiles generated by secondary ion mass spectrometry, and x-ray residual stress analysis of the Ti substrate.
关键词： SIMS,titanium,CZTS,solar cell,stress
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Ionic conductivity enhancement of a??soggy sanda?? electrolytes with AlOOH nanofibers for dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： As one of the main components, inorganic nanofillers have important effect on the performance of “soggy sand” electrolytes. In this study, we first incorporate AlOOH nanofibers into ionic liquid electrolytes to enhance the mechanical property and ionic conductivity of the electrolytes. The AlOOH nanofiber has high aspect ratio coupled with favorable surface properties such as rich hydroxyl groups, which facilitate to interact with cations of ionic liquids, promote salt dissociation, and form stable gels by self-assembly. In addition, the nanofiber fillers with high aspect ratio can form ion-conducting network channels and longer-range continuous ion transport pathways. The enhancing ionic conductivity of “soggy sand” electrolytes and performance of DSSCs due to addition of AlOOH nanofibers are systematically investigated by various techniques. The highest ionic conductivity of “soggy sand” electrolyte reaches 3.69 mS cm?1 at room temperature, which is 4 times than that of the pristine ionic liquid electrolyte. The effective solidification by AlOOH nanofibers provides substantial improvements in stability. The “soggy sand” electrolytes with AlOOH nanofibers can significantly improve the performance of devices by accelerating charge transport, reducing electron recombination and increasing charge collection efficiency. The DSSC with AlOOH nanofibers in electrolyte yields a high efficiency up to 7.89%, which is 29% higher than that of the reference device.
关键词： Nanofiber,Dye-sensitized solar cell,Ionic liquid,“Soggy sand” electrolyte,Ionic conductivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57