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An analytical approach for modeling of high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells with homoa??hetero junctions
摘要： An analytical model based on charge neutrality principle and energy band diagram analysis is investigated to model a new structure of silicon heterojunction solar cell, which encompasses both homo and heterojunctions. In the analysed structure, a thin (pt)c-Si and a thin (nt)c-Si layers are used at front and back surfaces of (n)c-Si substrate respectively. The purpose of incorporating these layers is to reduce the solar cell output parameters sensitivity to a-Si:H/c-Si interface defect densities, increase the open circuit voltage eVocT and increase the fill factor (FFT. Since (n)c-Si silicon bulk becomes quasi neutral in the mentioned structure, charge neutrality equation can be separated as two independent equations for front and back surfaces. Solving charge neutrality equations, result in a-Si:H/c-Si interface potential, and subsequently charge concentration, electric field, surface recombination velocity, and open circuit voltage (Voc) calculation. Then, by adjusting doping concentration of the two additional layers, their effect on surface potential and energy band bending is studied. It is observed that (cid:0) 3, the Voc drops by when doping concentration of (pt)c-Si layer is increased from 1 ? 1018cm 15mV, and FF increases by 2:5%, while Voc and FF sensitivity to interface defects density is improved considerably. On the other hand, by (nt)c-Si layer insertion at back surface, in addition to decreasing sensitivity to interface defect densities in comparison to conventional SHJ silicon solar cell, Voc and FF are increased due to combination of high conductivity and enhancement of field effect passivation at back surface of solar cell. (cid:0) 3 Voc and FF Moreover, when doping concentration of (nt)c-Si layer increases from 1 ? 1018cm increases from 680 mV and 71% to 740 mV and 82% respectively.
关键词： HHJ silicon solar cell,(nt)c-Si layer,(pt)c-Si layer,Energy band diagram analysis,Charge neutrality principle
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Application of Genetic Algorithm for More Efficient Multi-Layer Thickness Optimization in Solar Cells
摘要： Thin-?lm solar cells are predominately designed similar to a stacked structure. Optimizing the layer thicknesses in this stack structure is crucial to extract the best ef?ciency of the solar cell. The commonplace method used in optimization simulations, such as for optimizing the optical spacer layers’ thicknesses, is the parameter sweep. Our simulation study shows that the implementation of a meta-heuristic method like the genetic algorithm results in a signi?cantly faster and accurate search method when compared to the brute-force parameter sweep method in both single and multi-layer optimization. While other sweep methods can also outperform the brute-force method, they do not consistently exhibit 100% accuracy in the optimized results like our genetic algorithm. We have used a well-studied P3HT-based structure to test our algorithm. Our best-case scenario was observed to use 60.84% fewer simulations than the brute-force method.
关键词： optical modelling,?nite difference time domain,genetic algorithm,solar cell optimization
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Heterostructure Improvements of the Solar Cells based on Perovskite
摘要： In this paper we present p-i-n GaAs & perovskite PV cells comparison of in-series or in-parallel connection. It is made based on the two tandems types with a non-monolithic connection and experimental sub-cells. The results based on tandems simulation are discussed. It is shown that the in-parallel connection is preferable than in-series even when the sub-cell photocurrents are not balanced and the open circuit voltages (Voc) are close to each other. In-parallel connection cell efficiency more than 22 % is demonstrated for the GaAs shading effect by MAPbI3 film, with an achieved short-circuit current density (Jsc) - 39 mA/cm2.
关键词： perovskite,solar cell,tandem
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Controlled Sputtering Pressure on High-Quality Sb2Se3 Thin Film for Substrate Configurated Solar Cells
摘要： Magnetron sputtering has become an effective method in Sb2Se3 thin film photovoltaic. Research found that post-selenization treatments are essential to produce stoichiometric thin films with desired crystallinity and orientation for the sputtered Sb2Se3. However, the influence of the sputtering process on Sb2Se3 device performance has rarely been explored. In this work, the working pressure effect was thoroughly studied for the sputtered Sb2Se3 thin film solar cells. High-quality Sb2Se3 thin film was obtained when a bilayer structure was applied by sputtering the film at a high (1.5 Pa) and a low working pressure (1.0 Pa) subsequently. Such bilayer structure was found to be beneficial for both crystallization and preferred orientation of the Sb2Se3 thin film. Lastly, an interesting power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.5% was obtained for the champion device.
关键词： Sb2Se3,magnetron sputtering,substrate configuration,post-selenization,working pressure,thin film solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Quasi-Vertically-Orientated Antimony Sulfide Inorganic Thin-Film Solar Cells Achieved by Vapor Transport Deposition
摘要： The one-dimensional photovoltaic absorber material Sb2S3 requires crystal orientation engineering to enable efficient carrier transport. In this work, we adopted a vapor transport deposition (VTD) method to fabricate vertically aligned Sb2S3 on a CdS buffer layer. Our work shows that such a preferential vertical orientation arises from the sulfur deficit of the CdS surface which creates a beneficial bonding environment between exposed Cd2+ dangling bonds and S atoms in the Sb2S3 molecules. The CdS/VTD-Sb2S3 interface recombination is suppressed by such properly aligned ribbons at the interface. Compared with typical [120]-oriented Sb2S3 films deposited on CdS by rapid thermal evaporation (RTE) method, the VTD-Sb2S3 thin film is highly [211]- and [121]- oriented and the performance of the solar cell is increased considerably. Without using any hole transportation layer, a conversion efficiency of 4.73% is achieved with device structure of ITO/CdS/Sb2S3/Au. This work provides a potential way to acquire vertical aligned thin films on different buffer layers.
关键词： inorganic device,Sb2S3 solar cell,Vapor transport deposition,thin film,vertical growth
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Reducing agents for improving the stability of Sn-based perovskite solar cells
摘要： Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have aroused tremendous research interest for their high efficiency, low cost and solution processability. However, the involvement of toxic lead in state-of-art perovskites hinders their market prospects. As an alternative, Sn-based perovskites exhibit similar semiconductor characteristic and can potentially achieve comparable photovoltaic performance in comparison with their lead-based counterparts. The main challenge of developing Sn-based PCSs lies in the intrinsic poor stability of Sn2+, which could be oxidized and converted to Sn4+. Notably, introduction of SnX2 additive becomes indispensable in the fabrication process, which highlights the importance of incorporating a reducing agent to improve the device stability. Additionally, efforts are made to utilize other reducing agents with different functions for the further enhancement of device performance. Currently, Sn-based PSCs could attain a record efficiency over 10% with great stability. In this review, we present the recent progress on reducing agents for improving the stability of Sn-based PSCs, and we hope to shed light on the challenges and opportunities of this research field.
关键词： Sn-based perovskite,solar cell,reducing agents,stability
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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The effect of the spinning speed variation on the perovskite solar cell efficiency
摘要： In this work, compact titanitum dioxide (c-TiO2), amorphous titanitum dioxide (mp-TiO2) and methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) films were prepared by spin coating method under different different rotational speed of the CH3NH3PbI3 films. Many characterization measurements were achieved on the deposited CH3NH3PbI3 films in order to study the change that resulted from different parameters. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed that the lattice constants of the fabricated CH3NH3PbI3 films were close to the slandered values. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements were conducted in order to study the morphology of the fabricated CH3NH3PbI3 films at different scale, these results displayed that the grain size of the CH3NH3PbI3 films in the range between about 160nm to 210 nm. The field emiision scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) results of the fabricated CH3NH3PbI3 films were well agreed to the AFM result especially in the grains shape and distribution. Transmittance measurements have been done to determine the variation of the energy gap and absorption coefficient the CH3NH3PbI3 films. The structure form of the perovskite solar cells were FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/Au, the C-V measurements were achieved to determine the built-in potential, which found to have the highest value when using 4000 rpm during the synthesis of the perovskite layer. In addition, the I-V measurements in dark conditions have been conducted to compute the ideality factor and the saturation current, which are considered important parameters that influences the characteristics of the solar cells. The best solar cell efficiency was obtained at spinning speed of 4000 rpm.
关键词： CH3NH3PbI3,efficiency,spin coating,perovskite solar cell,spinning speed
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Unassisted Water Splitting Using Standard Silicon Solar Cells Stabilized with Copper and Bi-functional NiFe Electrocatalysts
摘要： Silicon photovoltaic cells functionalized with water splitting electro-catalysts are promising candidates for unassisted water splitting. In these devices, the total surface of silicon solar cell is covered with electrocatalyst causing issues with i) stabilizing silicon solar cell in water and ii) device efficiency due to parasitic optical absorption in electrocatalyst. We describe and validate a water splitting device concept using a crystalline silicon solar cell where the front-side is covered with insulating Si3N5 antireflection coating. The Ag contacts, fired through the antireflection coating, are removed and subsequently substituted with NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) or Cu/NiFe-LDH electrocatlysts. In this device only the site of Ag contacts, nearly 2% of total device area is covered by the electrocatalyst. We found this small area of catalyst does not limit device performance and addition of a Cu interlayer between Si and NiFe-LDH improves device performance and stability. The unassisted water splitting efficiency of 11.31%, measured without separating the evolved gases, is achieved using a device composed of three series-connected silicon solar cells and a NiFe-LDH/Cu/Ni-foam counter electrode in a highly alkaline electrolyte.
关键词： NiFe layered double hydroxides,Photoelectrochemical Cells,Unassisted Water Splitting,Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell,Si Photocathodes
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A Naphthodithiophene-Based Nonfullerene Acceptor for High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells with a Small Energy Loss
摘要： A Naphthodithiophene-Based Nonfullerene Acceptor for High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells with a Small Energy Loss
关键词： energy loss,intramolecular noncovalent interaction,nonfullerene acceptor,organic solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Barium doping effect on the photovoltaic performance and stability of MA0.4FA0.6BaxPb1-xIyCl3-y perovskite solar cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have earned widespread attention owing to its fast-growing power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, there are some challenges for this type of solar cells. The toxicity issue, current density-voltage (J-V) hysteresis, and uncertain stability hinder commercialization. In this study, we developed the PSCs with MA0.4FA0.6BaxPb1-xIyCl3-y film as active layer. The MA0.4FA0.6BaxPb1-xIyCl3-y film with various barium doping concentrations were fabricated by solvent engineering method. We investigate the surface morphology, crystal orientation, and optical property of various perovskite films. Furthermore, the in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (in-situ GIWAXS) is used to analyze the heating crystallization process of perovskite film. We discover that Ba can improve crystallinity and structural stability. For the optimal 5.0 mol% Ba replacement, the PCE of perovskite device is increased to 17.4%, the J-V hysteresis can be completely eliminated and the device demonstrates long-term stability.
关键词： in-situ GIWAXS,perovskite solar cell,J-V hysteresis,barium dopant,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57