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Transparent Electrodes Consisting of a Surface-Treated Buffer Layer Based on Tungsten Oxide for Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells and Four-Terminal Tandem Applications
摘要： For semitransparent devices with n-i-p structures, a metal oxide buffer material is commonly used to protect the organic hole transporting layer from damage due to sputtering of the transparent conducting oxide. Here, a surface treatment approach is addressed for tungsten oxide-based transparent electrodes through slight modification of the tungsten oxide surface with niobium oxide. Incorporation of this transparent electrode technique to the protective buffer layer significantly recovers the fill factor from 70.4% to 80.3%, approaching fill factor values of conventional opaque devices, which results in power conversion efficiencies over 18% for the semitransparent perovskite solar cells. Application of this approach to a four-terminal tandem configuration with a silicon bottom cell is demonstrated.
关键词： semitransparent solar cells,perovskite-silicon tandem,niobium oxide,tungsten oxide,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Computational high throughput screening of inorganic cation based halide perovskites for perovskite only tandem solar cells
摘要： We search for homovalent alternatives for A, B, and X-ions in ABX3 type inorganic halide perovskites suitable for tandem solar cell applications. We replace the conventional A-site organic cation CH3NH3, by 3 inorganic cations, Cs, K, and Rb, and the B site consists of metals; Cd, Hg, Ge, Pb, and Sn This work is built on our previous high throughput screening of hybrid perovskite materials (Kar et al 2018 J. Chem. Phys. 149, 214701). By performing a systematic screening study using Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods, we found 11 suitable candidates; 2 Cs-based, 3 K-based and 6 Rb-based that are suitable for tandem solar cell applications.
关键词： tandem solar cells,inorganic perovskites,density functional theory
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Hybrid III-V/SiGe solar cells on Si substrates and porous Si substrates
摘要： A tandem GaAsP/SiGe solar cell has been developed employing group-IV reverse buffer layers grown on silicon substrates with a subsurface porous layer. Reverse buffer layers facilitate a reduction in the threading dislocation density with limited thicknesses, but ease the appearance of cracks, as observed in previous designs grown on regular Si substrates. In this new design, a porous silicon layer has been incorporated close to the substrate surface. The ductility of this layer helps repress the propagation of cracks, diminishing the problems of low shunt resistance and thus improving solar cell performance. The first results of this new architecture are presented here.
关键词： tandem on silicon,porous silicon,reverse buffer layers,III-V on silicon,GaAsP/SiGe
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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25.1% Higha??Efficient Monolithic Perovskite Silicon Tandem Solar Cell with a High Band Gap Perovskite Absorber
摘要： Monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cells can overcome the theoretical efficiency limit of silicon solar cells. This requires an optimum band gap, high quantum efficiency, and high stability of the perovskite. Here, we combine a silicon heterojunction bottom cell with a perovskite top cell with an optimum band gap of 1.68 eV in planar p-i-n tandem configuration. Methylammonium-free FA0.75Cs0.25Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3 perovskite with high Cs-content is investigated for improved stability. A 10% molarity increase to 1.1 M of the perovskite precursor solution resulted in ~75 nm thicker absorber layers and 0.7 mA/cm2 higher short-circuit current density. With the optimized absorber, tandem devices reach a high fill factor of ~80% and up to 25.1% certified efficiency. The unencapsulated tandem device shows an efficiency improvement of 2.3% (absolute) over five months showing the robustness of the absorber against degradation. Moreover, a photoluminescence quantum yield analysis reveals that with adapted charge transport materials and surface passivation, along with improved anti-reflection measures, the high band gap perovskite absorber has the potential for 30% tandem efficiency in the near future.
关键词： interfaces,heterojunction silicon solar cells,perovskite solar cells,thin films,tandem solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Tandem photoelectrochemical cells for solar water splitting
摘要： Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting without an external bias is a potential solution to the growing energy crisis because this method can directly convert solar energy into chemical energy. A tandem cell is a frequently used configuration for unassisted overall water splitting because of the advantages that each component are tied together to form a highly efficient integration. A tandem PEC water splitting device is based on different photoelectrode absorbers, and there are two main models including photoanode/photocathode (PEC/PEC) and photoelectrode/photovoltaic (PEC/PV) tandem cells. In this review, we will focus on the concepts, configurations and recent progress of PEC/PEC and PEC/PV cells. Light absorption and energy band matching are the key points to enhance the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiency. Promoting the performance of a standalone semiconductor material and finding new materials, coupled with an optimized configuration, are future steps for the practical application of tandem PEC cells.
关键词： Solar energy,photoelectrochemical cell,tandem cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Influence of boron doping amount on properties of ZnO:B films grown by LPCVD technique and its correlation to a-Si:H/??c-Si:H tandem solar cells
摘要： Boron-doped ZnO:B (BZO) films with various doping levels have been prepared on large-area substrates by low pressured chemical vapor deposition technique. The influence of doping amount on electrical and optical properties of BZO films has been investigated. It is found that ZnO phase synthesis is hardly affected when the doping gas flow varies from 25 to 100 sccm, but the preferential orientation of grain growth is influenced progressively. It is interesting that there should be a threshold value of doping gas flow of 75 sccm that will cause an abrupt reduction in grain size of BZO and therefore dramatically weakens the light-scattering capacity of the film. It is also noted that the boron atoms doped in BZO films are partly electrically active, and moreover, the heavier doping level, the more inactive B atoms, which not only reduces carrier mobility, but also boosts a stronger light absorption due to enhanced impurity scattering. When the doping gas flow is 75 sccm, the BZO film can achieve a proper comprehensive property with a Rsq of 15.2 Ω/□, an average haze of 21.3% and an average TT of 80.2%. Using this film as the front electrode of a-Si:H/μc-Si:H solar cell, the optimum performance of the solar cell with a Jsc of 12.68 mA/cm2, a Voc of 1.385 mV, and an initial efficiency (η) of 11.83% was obtained.
关键词： a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cells,Boron-doped ZnO:B films,doping amount,LPCVD technique,electrical and optical properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Thermionic Emission-Based Interconnecting Layer Featuring Solvent Resistance for Monolithic Tandem Solar Cells with Solution-Processed Perovskites
摘要： All-perovskite tandem cells have been considered a potential candidate for bringing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) beyond the Shockley– Queisser limit of single-junction device while retaining the advantages of earth-abundant materials and solution processability. However, a challenging issue with regard to realizing such solution-processed devices is the fulfillment of complex and coupled requirements of the interconnecting layer (ICL), including solvent resistance to protect underlying perovskite film, high electrical properties for carrier transport and recombination, and high optical transmission. In this work, a new thermionic emission–based ICL with enhanced solvent resistance features is demonstrated. Fundamentally, the thermionic emission plays a critical role in the electron transport process in the ICL, which is confirmed through both experimental and theoretical studies. Besides achieving high optical transmission and electrical properties, the new ICL chemically protects the underlying perovskite film by introducing a fluoride silane– incorporated polyethylenimine ethoxylated hybrid system that also passivates the surface defects to reduce electrical loss. The monolithic all-perovskite tandem cells demonstrate highest PCE of 17.9% (from current density–voltage scan) and the highest steady-state efficiency is 16.1% for a typical device. Consequently, this work contributes to not only understanding the fundamental mechanism of ICLs but also promotes robust and low-cost photovoltaics.
关键词： monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells,solvent resistance,interconnecting layer,thermionic emission,defect passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Higha??Performance Tandem Organic Solar Cells Using HSolar as the Interconnecting Layer
摘要： Tandem structure provides a practical way to realize high efficiency organic photovoltaic cells, it can be used to extend the wavelength coverage for light harvesting. The interconnecting layer (ICL) between sub-cells plays a critical role in the reproducibility and performance of tandem solar cells, yet the processability of the ICL has been a challenge. In this work the fabrication of highly reproducible and efficient tandem solar cells by employing a commercially available material, PEDOT:PSS HTL Solar (HSolar), as the hole transporting material used for the ICL is reported. Comparing with the conventional PEDOT:PSS Al 4083 (c-PEDOT), HSolar offers a better wettability on the underlying nonfullerene photoactive layers, resulting in better charge extraction properties of the ICL. When FTAZ:IT-M and PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F are used as the subcells, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.7% is achieved in the tandem solar cell. To validate the processability of these tandem solar cells, three other research groups have successfully fabricated tandem devices using the same recipe and the highest PCE obtained is 16.1%. With further development of donor polymers and device optimization, the device simulation results show that a PCE > 22% can be realized in tandem cells in the near future.
关键词： interconnecting layers,tandem solar cells,organic photovoltaics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Proton Radiation Hardness of Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics
摘要： We propose and test monolithic perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells for readily stowable, ultra-lightweight space photovoltaics. We design operando and ex situ measurements to show that perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells retain over 85% of their initial power-conversion efficiency after high-energy proton irradiation. While the perovskite sub-cell is unaffected after this bombardment, we identify increased non-radiative recombination in the CIGS bottom cell and nickel-oxide-based recombination layer. By contrast, monolithic perovskite/silicon-heterojunction cells degrade to 1% of their initial efficiency due to radiation-induced defects in silicon.
关键词： Perovskite/SHJ,Proton Radiation Hardness,Space Photovoltaics,Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics,Perovskite/CIGS
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Computational study of stack/terminal topologies for perovskite based bifacial tandem solar cells
摘要： With the rapid progress on perovskite (PVK) and bifacial solar cells, there is a huge interest in integrating PVK with established technologies such as crystalline silicon (c-Si) and CIGS for bifacial tandem structures. Here we use self-consistent optical/electrical simulations to compare various stack/terminal configurations for bifacial tandem solar cells having PVK as the top cell. In particular, we compare a non-conventional three-terminal four-junction (3T-4J) twin bifacial tandem configuration with standard two-junction bifacial tandem structures having a monolithic two-terminal (2T-2J) or mechanically stacked four-terminal (4T-2J) integration. We show that the optimal design of 2T-2J cell is strongly albedo dependent – the cell designed for a given albedo will perform sub-optimally for other albedo due to the current-matching constraint. A mechanically stacked 4T-2J cell, on the other hand, can perform optimally for a broad range of albedo, albeit at the cost of additional processing complications. The 3T-4J twin tandem cell could offer a relatively simpler process through back-to-back bonding of two identical monolithic 2J tandem cells with superior utilization of albedo in a broad range. The potential benefit of 3T-4J cell could however be limited due to a high front reflection, hence necessitating anti-reflection approaches. We further quantify the effect of bottom subcell material on the efficiency for PVK tandem cells. Using state-of-the-art bottom subcells, efficiency of 33% and 30% respectively could be achieved at the average Earth albedo of 30%. By integrating advanced anti-reflectance techniques, the absolute cell efficiency could further be improved by 4%.
关键词： Albedo,Simulations,Current-matching,Tandem,Bifacial gain
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01