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Efficient tandem solar cells with solution-processed perovskite on textured crystalline silicon
摘要： Stacking solar cells with decreasing band gaps to form tandems presents the possibility of overcoming the single-junction Shockley-Queisser limit in photovoltaics. The rapid development of solution-processed perovskites has brought perovskite single-junction efficiencies >20%. However, this process has yet to enable monolithic integration with industry-relevant textured crystalline silicon solar cells. We report tandems that combine solution-processed micrometer-thick perovskite top cells with fully textured silicon heterojunction bottom cells. To overcome the charge-collection challenges in micrometer-thick perovskites, we enhanced threefold the depletion width at the bases of silicon pyramids. Moreover, by anchoring a self-limiting passivant (1-butanethiol) on the perovskite surfaces, we enhanced the diffusion length and further suppressed phase segregation. These combined enhancements enabled an independently certified power conversion efficiency of 25.7% for perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. These devices exhibited negligible performance loss after a 400-hour thermal stability test at 85°C and also after 400 hours under maximum power point tracking at 40°C.
关键词： tandem solar cells,perovskite,solar cells,solution-processed,crystalline silicon
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Tandem Si Micropillar Array Photocathodes with Conformal Copper Oxide and a Protection Layer by Pulsed Laser Deposition
摘要： This work demonstrates the influence of high-quality protection layers on Si-Cu2O micropillar arrays created by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), with the goal to overcome photodegradation and achieve long-term operation during photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Sequentially, we assessed planar and micropillar device designs with various design parameters and their influence on PEC hydrogen evolution reaction. On the planar device substrates, a Cu2O film thickness of 600 nm and a Cu2O/CuO heterojunction layer with a 5:1 thickness ratio between Cu2O to CuO were found to be optimal. The planar Si/Cu2O/CuO heterostructure showed a higher PV performance (Jsc = 20 mA/cm2) compared to the planar Si/Cu2O device, but micropillar devices did not show this improvement. Multifunctional overlayers of ZnO (25 nm) and TiO2 (100 nm) were employed by PLD on Si/Cu2O planar and micropillar arrays to provide a hole-selective passivation layer that acts against photocorrosion. A micropillar Si/ITO-Au/Cu2O/ZnO/TiO2/Pt stack was compared with a planar device. Under optimized conditions, the Si/Cu2O photocathode with Pt as a HER catalyst displayed a photocurrent of 7.5 mA cm?2 at 0 V vs RHE and an onset potential of 0.85 V vs RHE, with a stable operation for 75 h.
关键词： tandem photocathode,copper oxide,Si micropillar array,hydrogen evolution reaction,pulse laser deposition
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Cost-Efficiency Trade-off of Silicon Solar Cells for use in Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Modules
摘要： We use techno-economic analysis to examine the potential of low-cost, lower-efficiency multi-crystalline silicon bottom cells in perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells, compared to high-efficiency, higher-cost mono-crystalline silicon cells. Two representative tandems, a low-cost and a high-efficiency device, are examined and compared based on levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) in current and future utility and residential systems. This analysis is then extended to explore the impact of top cell bandgap and top cell module cost, thus providing broader insight into the effect of variations and uncertainty in the properties of the perovskite top cell, as well as yielding implications for the use of other materials, such as cadmium telluride, in a tandem solar module. A clear case for the value of low-cost silicon for use as a silicon bottom cell is demonstrated.
关键词： techno-economic,perovskite,tandem,silicon,multi-junction
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Light Management in Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells
摘要： Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs), especially 2-terminal, with record efficiency of 28% already been realized, have presented great potentials to be low-cost and efficient substitutes for dominant silicon photovoltaics. It is quite realistic to achieve efficiencies exceeding 30%, which have been indicated by extensive optical simulations. Super light management in monolithic perovskite/silicon TSCs is one of the prerequisites to make it a reality. In this review, various forms of optical losses, such as reflection loss, parasitic absorption and current mismatch, are analyzed systematically to provide better understanding of the performance of perovskite/silicon TSCs. Particularly, a simple refractive index matching rule derived from the Fresnel equation is proposed as a basis of material selection and device design. Meanwhile, an overview of current strategies and challenges in monolithic perovskite/silicon TSCs is highlighted, comprising of bandgap engineering of perovskites and light trapping methods, aiming to provide guidance for further improvement of the tandem devices.
关键词： anti-reflection,light management,parasitic absorption,light trapping,current matching,monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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2D/3D Heterostructure for Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells with Engineered Bandgap Enables Efficiencies Exceeding 25% in Foura??Terminal Tandems with Silicon and CIGS
摘要： Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with optimal bandgap (Eg) and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) are key to high-performance perovskite-based tandem photovoltaics. A 2D/3D perovskite heterostructure passivation is employed for double-cation wide-bandgap PSCs with engineered bandgap (1.65 eV ≤ Eg ≤ 1.85 eV), which results in improved stabilized PCEs and a strong enhancement in open-circuit voltages of around 45 mV compared to reference devices for all investigated bandgaps. Making use of this strategy, semitransparent PSCs with engineered bandgap are developed, which show stabilized PCEs of up to 25.7% and 25.0% in four-terminal perovskite/c-Si and perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells, respectively. Moreover, comparable tandem PCEs are observed for a broad range of perovskite bandgaps. For the first time, the robustness of the four-terminal tandem configuration with respect to variations in the perovskite bandgap for two state-of-the-art bottom solar cells is experimentally validated.
关键词： tandem solar cells,copper indium gallium diselenide,2D perovskites,3D perovskites
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Optical Characterization of Ternary Element Loss during Co-Chloride Passivation of Polycrystalline II-VI Wide-Bandgap Alloys
摘要： Alloys of the II-VI semiconductor CdTe with Mg or Zn have tunable bandgaps in the range modelled to be optimal for integration as a top cell in a tandem photovoltaic device with a Si bottom cell. Leveraging the low-cost production techniques developed for CdTe, this pairing has the potential to produce low-cost and highly efficient tandem PV cells. However, the CdCl2 post-deposition bulk passivation process widely used for CdTe reduces the concentration of the ternary elements in the absorber, reducing the bandgap from the modelled values, and results in poorer activation than the same process applied to pure CdTe material. We study the mitigation of this loss during CdCl2 treatment by the development of an overpressure of MgCl2 and ZnCl2, thought to be products of the loss reaction, for Cd1-xMgxTe and Cd1-xZnxTe, respectively. Little effect is seen until a vapor pressure far in excess of CdCl2 is achieved, reducing the loss—as measured by transmittance—by half.
关键词： Tandem Photovoltaics,II-VI semiconductors
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 24th Microoptics Conference (MOC) - Toyama, Japan (2019.11.17-2019.11.20)] 2019 24th Microoptics Conference (MOC) - Quantum dot-based optically pumped VCSELs with high-contrast periodic gratings
摘要： With meter-resolution images delivered by modern synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites satellites like TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X, it is now possible to map urban areas from space in very high level of detail using advanced interferometric techniques such as persistent scatterer interferometry and tomographic SAR inversion (TomoSAR), whereas these multi-pass techniques are based on a great number of images. We aim at precise TomoSAR reconstruction while signi?cantly reducing the required number of images by incorporating building a priori knowledge to the estimation. In the paper, we propose a novel work?ow that marries the freely available geographic information systems (GIS) data (i.e., 2-D building footprints) and the joint sparsity concept for TomoSAR inversion. Experiments on bistatic TanDEM-X data stacks demonstrate the great potential of the proposed approach, e.g., highly accurate tomographic reconstruction is achieved using six interferograms only.
关键词： Compressive sensing,TanDEM-X,SAR tomography,joint sparsity,GIS,synthetic aperture radar
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A monolithic nanostructured-perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell: feasibility of light management through geometry and materials selection
摘要： The use of several layers of different materials, taking advantage of their complementary bandgap energies, improves the absorption in multi-junction solar cells. Unfortunately, the inherent efficiency increment of this strategy has a limitation: each interface introduces optical losses. In this paper, we study the effects of materials and geometry in the optical performance of a nanostructured hybrid perovskite – silicon tandem solar cell. our proposed design increases the performance of both subcells by managing light towards the active layer, as well as by minimizing reflections losses in the interfaces. We sweep both refractive index and thickness of the transport layers and the dielectric spacer composing the metasurface, obtaining a range of these parameters for the proper operation of the device. Using these values, we obtain a reduction in the optical losses, in particular they are more than a 33% lower than those of a planar cell, mainly due to a reduction of the reflectivity in the device. This approach leads to an enhancement in the optical response, widens the possibilities for the manufacturers to use different materials, and allows wide geometrical tolerances.
关键词： light management,silicon,perovskite,tandem solar cell,nanostructure,optical losses
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Tin and Mixed Leada??Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: Progress and their Application in Tandem Solar Cells
摘要： Metal halide perovskites have recently attracted enormous attention for photovoltaic applications due to their superior optical and electrical properties. Lead (Pb) halide perovskites stand out among this material series, with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 25%. According to the Shockley–Queisser (SQ) limit, lead halide perovskites typically exhibit bandgaps that are not within the optimal range for single-junction solar cells. Partial or complete replacement of lead with tin (Sn) is gaining increasing research interest, due to the promise of further narrowing the bandgaps. This enables ideal solar utilization for single-junction solar cells as well as the construction of all-perovskite tandem solar cells. In addition, the usage of Sn provides a path to the fabrication of lead-free or Pb-reduced perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Recent progress in addressing the challenges of fabricating efficient Sn halide and mixed lead–tin (Pb–Sn) halide PSCs is summarized herein. Mixed Pb–Sn halide perovskites hold promise not only for higher efficiency and more stable single-junction solar cells but also for efficient all-perovskite monolithic tandem solar cells.
关键词： tandem solar cells,mixed Pb–Sn halide perovskites,tin halide perovskites,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Three-Terminal Tandem Solar Cells With a Back-Contact-Type Bottom Cell Bonded Using Conductive Metal Nanoparticle Arrays
摘要： To address three-terminal tandem solar cells composed of a back-contact-type Si bottom cell, which, in principle, has a tolerance against spectral variation, we fabricate the three-terminal GaAs/Si tandem device bonded using conductive metal nanoparticle arrays and measure the power extraction. A power equivalent to the sum of the power generated by the top and bottom subcells is extracted even under varying spectral conditions, which indicates advantages in three-terminal tandem solar cells with a back-contact-type bottom cell for terrestrial applications.
关键词： Back-contact-type bottom cells,terrestrial applications,spectral variation,three-terminal tandem solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52