- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Study on Five Porphyrin-Based Photosensitizers for Singlet Oxygen Generation
摘要： Five porphyrin derivatives were synthesized and characterized in order to be utilized as photosensitizers for singlet oxygen generation. UV-Vis absorption properties of porphyrins were experimentally and theoretically discussed. The results indicated that the increase in π-conjugation of porphyrin core can lower the S1-T1 energy gap and is favorable for efficient energy transfer. The singlet oxygen generation ability of porphyrins was measured and compared under both simulated sunlight and yellow light. As for the results using simulated sunlight, EBHPP and CEBHPP exhibited best and similar performance because they bear strong near-IR absorption and S1-T1 interactions. However, under yellow light conditions CEBHPP has better ability for singlet oxygen generation because of strong absorbance from 650–750 nm. The DNA photocleavage measurements were performed to evaluate the biological activity of the porphyrin derivatives. The photocleavage activities were in the order of TPP < TPP-NO2 < BHPP < EBHPP < CEBHPP, and the possible reasons were discussed. This work is useful for the design of more efficient photosensitizers.
关键词： Photosensitizer,Porphyrin,Singlet oxygen,UV-Vis absorption,Photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Multifunctional nanoplatforms for photoacoustic imaging-guided combined therapy enhanced by CO induced ferroptosis
摘要： A multifunctional CO/thermo/chemotherapy nanoplatform is here reported, which is composed of mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (MCN) as near-infrared (NIR)-responsive drug carrier, doxorubicin (DOX) as chemotherapeutic drug and triiron dodecacarbonyl (FeCO) as thermosensitive CO prodrug. The nanoplatform could absorb near-infrared (NIR) light and convert it into ample heat to trigger CO release and could also release DOX in the acidic tumor microenvironment. More importantly, the generated CO molecules successfully increase cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutics by the ferroptosis pathway. Subsequently, under the guidance of photoacoustic imaging, the FeCO-DOX@MCN nanoplatform demonstrates high treatment efficacies in vitro and in vivo by combination of chemotherapy, photothermal therapy and gas therapy. This multifunctional platform with excellent antitumor efficacy has great potential in precision cancer therapy.
关键词： Mesoporous materials,Ferroptosis,Controlled release,Photothermal therapy,Carbon monoxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Hyaluronic Acid-zinc Protoporphyrin Conjugates for Photodynamic Antitumor Therapy
摘要： Zinc (II) protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) strongly inhibits antioxidative enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and ZnPP generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation. ZnPP can induce lethal oxidative stress in the tumor, when ZnPP is selectively delivered to the tumor followed by light irradiation. In this study, ZnPP was conjugated to hyaluronic acid (HA-ZnPP) for improving its solubility in aqueous media and tumor selective delivery of ZnPP by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Though photosensitizing activity of the HA-ZnPP was quenched in phosphate buffered saline, it was partially recovered by addition of lecithin. Similar to other polymer-conjugated ZnPP, cellular uptake of the HA-ZnPP was lower than that of the free ZnPP in HeLa cells. In tumor-bearing mice, plasma half-life of HA-ZnPP became longer than that of free ZnPP, and thus selective accumulation of the HA-ZnPP in the tumor by the EPR effect was observed. Combination of the HA-ZnPP and light irradiation potentially suppressed the tumor growth, approximately 60% tumor volume reduction was observed without apparent adverse effects at day 31 after the drug treatment. These data demonstrate that HA is a preferable carrier for ZnPP, and the HA-conjugated ZnPP is a promising antitumor agent for photodynamic therapy.
关键词： Nanomedicine,EPR,Zinc protoporphyrin,Photodynamic therapy,Hyaluronic acid
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Photomedicine - Advances in Clinical Practice || Light-Emitting Woven Fabric for Treatment with Photodynamic Therapy and Monitoring of Actinic Keratosis
摘要： A successful photodynamic therapy (PDT) requires a specific photosensitizer, oxygen and light of a specific wavelength and power. Today photodynamic therapy (PDT) is administered to patients with light-emitting diode (LED) panels. These panels deliver a non-uniform light distribution on the human body parts, as the complex human anatomy is not a flat surface (head vertex, hand, shoulder, etc.). For an efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT), a light-emitting fabric (LEF) was woven from plastic optical fibers (POF) aiming at the treatment of dermatologic diseases such as actinic keratosis (AK). Plastic optical fibers (POF) (Toray, PGR-FB250) have been woven in textile in order to create macro-bendings, and thus emit out the injected light directly to the skin. The light intensity and light-emitting homogeneity of the LEF were improved thanks to Doehlert Experimental Design. During the treatment with PDT, the photosensitizers were activated in the cancerous cells. These cells may be visualized, as they show a characteristic fluorescence under UV light, which is called fluorescence diagnosis (FD). Therefore, it is proposed to modify the developed LEF for PDT to measure the fluorescence amount. For this aim, a part of POFs was cut out to observe the quantity of light that could be collected while the LEF was connected to a light source. The first prototypes showed the possibility of the illumination with the same LEF without losing the efficiency but also imaging the collected light.
关键词： fluorescence diagnosis (FD),weaving,light emitting fabric (LEF),plastic optical fiber (POF),photodynamic therapy (PDT)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Carbon Nanomaterials for Bioimaging, Bioanalysis, and Therapy || Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery
摘要： Chemical functionalization of nanomaterials is important to control their physical properties. Since their applications frequently require the homogeneity in the physical properties of the components, many precise functionalization methods for nanomaterials have been developed in view of their applications from electronics and optics to biomedicine. Nanomedicine has been attracting growing interest in terms of therapy and diagnosis, or so called theranostics. In the field, nanomaterials play a key role and hence they are chemically functionalized frequently to meet the requirements for the purpose. In the nanomaterial‐based drug delivery system (DDS), for example, the following functions are required: the nanodrug has to disperse well in the blood to avoid embolism; circulate throughout the body to avoid leaking from the pores in the blood vessel and trapping in the reticuloendothelial system; accumulate in the targeting organ or tissue; and finally, release the loaded drug. Among the nanomaterials in the DDS, carbon nanomaterials have the following characteristic properties: (i) basically inert, but functionizable at the functional groups such as carboxylic and hydroxyl ones on the surface, edge, and defect through organic transformation; (ii) variety of options in terms of shapes including zero‐dimensional (0D, fullerenes), one‐dimensional (1D, carbon nanotubes, CNTs), two‐dimensional (2D, graphene, G), and three‐dimensional (3D, nanodiamond, ND); (iii) commercially available; and (iv) fluorescence emission from semiconducting SWNTs, relatively small size graphenes and color center in ND. The carbon nanomaterials discussed in this chapter are graphene (Section 10.2) and ND (Sections 10.3 and 10.4). Graphene has a flat and hydrophobic surface consisting of sp2 carbons. It exhibits high affinity to the flat molecules, including π‐electrons such as triphenylene, as we reported quite recently. Therefore, it has been utilized as carrier for anti‐cancer drugs with flat and hydrophobic properties. In addition, it can work as photosensitizer in photothermal therapy, making it more fascinating as a bifunctional material in cancer therapy. However, the graphene‐based carriers that have been used so far are graphene oxide (GO), because the carrier is required to have sufficient dispersibility in a physiological environment. The direct use of pristine graphene as a drug carrier, which will be described below, is the first example, as far as we know. On the other hand, ND has been reported to be low toxicity or even nontoxic nanomaterial. It is composed of the curved surface and core, not the flat surface and edge for graphene. As in the case of edge and defect in graphene, the ND surface is covered with various functional groups such as carboxylic and hydroxyl groups. Although ND is categorized as an inorganic nanomaterial due to its robustness and chemical stability, the surface functionalities impart the organic characteristics to ND, enabling the control of the physical property by controlling the surface functionality. Recently, surface chemical functionalization of ND has been actively investigated in view of its applications. In this chapter (Sections 10.3 and 10.4), chemical functionalization on ND for drug carrier will be described; the requisite functions of aqueous dispersibility, targeting specificity, and cytotoxicity are imparted to ND through stepwise surface chemical functionalization. This chapter covers synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the following three nanodrugs: chlorin e6 (Ce6)‐loaded graphene for cancer phototherapy; Pt drug‐loaded nanodiamond for cancer chemotherapy; and DNA‐loaded nanodiamond for gene therapy.
关键词： nanodiamond,functionalization,drug delivery,graphene,phototherapy,chemotherapy,carbon nanomaterials,gene therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
ICRU report?91 on prescribing, recording, and reporting of stereotactic treatments with small photon beams; ICRU-Bericht 91 über die Verschreibung, Aufzeichnung und Dokumentation von stereotaktischen Behandlungen mit kleinen Photonenfeldern;
摘要： The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) report 91 with the title “prescribing, recording, and reporting of stereotactic treatments with small photon beams” was published in 2017. This extensive publication covers different relevant aspects of stereotactic radiotherapy such as small field dosimetry, accuracy requirements for volume definition and planning algorithms, and the precise application of treatment by means of image guidance. Finally, recommendations for prescribing, recording and reporting are given.
关键词： Organs at risk,Stereotactic radiotherapy,Radiotherapy planning, computer-assisted,Stereotactic body radiation therapy,Stereotactic radiosurgery
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Ultrasmall MoS2 Nanodots Doped Biodegradable SiO2 Nanoparticles for Clearable FL/CT/MSOT Imaging Guided PTT/PDT Combination Tumor therapy
摘要： Recently, we developed ultrasmall molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) quantum dots for computed tomography (CT) and multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) image-guided photothermal therapy (PTT). But, due to the rapid body elimination and the limited blood circulation time, the tumor uptake of the dots is low. In our study, this problem was solved via designing an amino modified biodegradable nanomaterial based on MoS2 quantum dots doped disulfide-based SiO2 nanoparticles (denoted MoS2@ss-SiO2) for multimodal application. By integrating the MoS2 quantum dots into clearable SiO2 nanoparticles, this nanoplatform with an appropriate particle size can not only degrade and excrete in a reasonable period induced by the redox-responsive with the glutathione (GSH), but also exhibits a high tumor uptake due to the longer blood circulation time. Moreover, hyaluronic acid (HA) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) were adsorbed on the outer shell for the tumor targeting effect and photodynamic therapy, respectively. So this biodegradable and clearable theranostic nanocomposite applicable in integrated fluorescence(FL)/CT/MSOT imaging guided combined photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) is very optimistic in biomedical applications in the future.
关键词： biodegradable,multi-modal imaging,clearable,combination tumor therapy,ultrasmall MoS2 quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Physiologically Stable Hydrophilic C60 Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy
摘要： Hydrophilic C60 nanoparticles that are highly stable in living systems were prepared with sugammadex, an anionic γ-cyclodextrin derivative, via a simple procedure for use in biological applications. The prepared C60/sugammadex nanoparticles showed outstanding stability under physiological conditions and even in much harsher conditions. The sugammadex interacted with C60 nanoparticles through strong host-guest interactions on the particle surface, producing a negatively charged layer on the surface of nanoparticles, which contributed to the high stability of the nanoparticles. In addition, the nanoparticles were highly stable in the presence of singly charged cations which are present in abundance in living systems. The stable C60/sugammadex nanoparticles showed a significantly different biological behavior compared to less stable C60 nanoparticles after intravenous administration. Most of the C60 particles accumulated and remained in organs of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) after administration, which are susceptible to forming aggregates in physiological conditions. On the other hand, the C60/sugammadex nanoparticles showed a completely different biological behavior, i.e. longer blood circulation, low RES uptake and elimination with time from organs. The photodynamic activity of C60/sugammadex nanoparticles was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo, and an outstanding antitumor effect was achieved based on the generation of reactive oxygen species under light irradiation. We envision that such stable C60 nanoparticles would be a desirable approach for extending the biological applications of these materials and the precise evaluation of C60 activity in living systems.
关键词： nanoparticle,biodistribution,in vivo aggregation,photodynamic therapy,fullerene
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Photoimmunoconjugates: novel synthetic strategies to target and treat cancer by photodynamic therapy
摘要： Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines a photosensitizer (PS) with the physical energy of non-ionizing light to trigger cell death pathways. PDT has potential as a therapeutic modality to be used in alternative or in combination with other conventional cancer treatment protocols (e.g. surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy). Still, due to the lack of specificity of the current PSs to target the tumor cells, several studies have exploited their conjugation with targeting moieties. PSs conjugated with antibodies (Abs) or their fragments, able to bind antigens overexpressed in the tumors, have demonstrated potential in PDT of tumors. This review provides an overview of the most recent advances on photoimmunoconjugates (PICs) for cancer PDT, which involve the first and second-generation PSs conjugated to Abs. This is an update of our previous review “Antibodies armed with photosensitizers: from chemical synthesis to photobiological applications”, published in 2015 in Org. Biomol. Chem.
关键词： Photoimmunoconjugates,Antibody conjugation,Photosensitizers,Cancer treatment,Photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Functionalized Holmium-Doped Hollow Silica Nanospheres for Combined Sonodynamic and Hypoxia-Activated Therapy
摘要： The oxygen concentration dependence of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and bioreductive therapy can be utilized to design the strategy of synergistic therapy. Herein, holmium-doped hollow silica nanospheres are synthesized and then sequentially modified with chlorin e6, carboxyl poly(ethylene glycol) silane, and prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) monoclonal antibody. The resultant nanocomposite designated as HHSN-C/P-mAb has good biocompatibility and can specifically target cancer cells overexpressing PSCA. Due to the inner cavity structure and Ho doping, HHSN-C/P-mAb shows high ultrasound (US) imaging contrast capability and excellent high-field magnetic resonance contrast performance. HHSN-C/P-mAb can act as a nanocarrier for loading the bioreductive prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ), and the degradation of the hollow nanospheres under the trigger of acidic microenvironment favors the pH responsive release of TPZ from the material. Upon US irradiation, HHSN-C/P-mAb produces reactive oxygen species to kill the cancer cells, and importantly, the oxygen consumption during SDT induces an intratumoral hypoxic environment to activate the therapeutic function of codelivered TPZ, resulting in a high-effective synergistic therapy. The findings of this study highlight that HHSN-C/P-mAb is a versatile theranostic nanoplatform for efficient cancer treatment.
关键词： magnetic resonance imaging,sonodynamic therapy,ultrasound imaging,holmium-doped hollow silica nanosphere,bioreductive therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21