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Technology, application and potential of dynamic breast thermography for the detection of breast cancer
摘要： Early breast cancer detection improves the chances of survival, increases the options for curative treatment and helps reduce costs. There are a variety of screening techniques available to detect breast cancer such as mammography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. However, their sensitivities and specificities are suboptimal, especially in breasts with dense tissue. Infrared breast thermography is an adjunct screening technique that has been associated with the detection of early signs of breast cancer. However, its success has been limited. Dynamic infrared thermography was introduced to improve the detection of breast cancer and reduce the false positive and false negative rates. This works reviews the different modalities of dynamic infrared thermography, their advantages, shortcomings and opportunities for future development. This paper also covers recent advances, suggestions and possible directions for future work in the fields of numerical simulations, automatic feature identification and artificial intelligence for improving the detection of breast cancer using dynamic infrared thermography.
关键词： Dynamic thermography,Breast cancer detection,Cold challenge
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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IPSI vs CONTRA TRAMa??Old Doubts New Answers: Evaluation TRAM Flap Survival with Static and Active Dynamic Thermography in Pedicled Flap Breast Reconstruction
摘要： Breast reconstruction is increasingly being considered as the next step in breast cancer treatment. There are many ways to recreate a new breast mound. In current times, the trend for breast reconstruction is reconstruction microsurgery which is the method of choice, but newcomers should know the alternative traditional methods. Since 1982 the pedicled TRAM (trans rectus abdominal myocutaneous) flap has become one of the most popular autologous tissue breast reconstruction procedures. It has also been debated for many years which method of transferring the tissue island is more reliable and has fewer complications—IPSI vs CONTRA [1]. The reasons for complications are the manner of twisting the nourishing blood supply and the tension due to the distance of the pedicle in both procedures [2]. Static thermography and dynamic thermography seem to provide the solution. In our experiment, we measured the medial surface temperature of flaps using static thermography and active dynamic thermography. The results were compared against the number of flap failures in each type of reconstruction. The study was conducted on a group of 20 female patients who underwent breast reconstruction.
关键词： Breast reconstruction,Active dynamic thermography,Thermography,Flap survival,TRAM flap,Flap necrosis,Skin necrosis
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Aerial Infrared Thermography of a CdTe Utility-Scale PV Power Plant
摘要： Aerial Infrared Thermography (aIRT) is a fast and flexible inspection method to monitor and assess utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) power plants. The literature is abundant on aIRT for crystalline silicon (c-Si) modules, but very little investigation has been carried out and reported thin-film PV. As Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) is currently the leading thin-film technology, and a good performer in warm and sunny climates, this paper aims to investigate the application of aIRT on CdTe PV plants in Brazil. Results demonstrate that aIRT is a reliable, cost-effective and fast method to detect faults on CdTe modules in large-scale PV plants.
关键词： Fault Inspection,Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV),Photovoltaic Power Plants,Aerial Infrared Thermography (aIRT),Thin-Film,Cadmium Telluride (CdTe)
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Thermal Infrared Imaging to Evaluate Emotional Competences in Nursing Students: A First Approach through a Case Study
摘要： During university studies of nursing, it is important to develop emotional skills for their impact on academic performance and the quality of patient care. Thermography is a technology that could be applied during nursing training to evaluate emotional skills. The objective is to evaluate the effect of thermography as the tool for monitoring and improving emotional skills in student nurses through a case study. The student was subjected to different emotions. The stimuli applied were video and music. The process consisted of measuring the facial temperatures during each emotion and stimulus in three phases: acclimatization, stimulus, and response. Thermographic data acquisition was performed with an FLIR E6 camera. The analysis was complemented with the environmental data (temperature and humidity). With the video stimulus, the start and final forehead temperature from testing phases, showed a different behavior between the positive (joy: 34.5°C) and negative (anger: 36.1°C) emotions during the acclimatization phase, different from the increase experienced in the stimulus (joy: 34.7°C and anger: 35.0°C) and response phases (joy: 35.0°C and anger: 34.8°C). With the music stimulus, the emotions showed different patterns in each phase (joy: 34.2°C–35.0°C and anger: 33.8°C–35.0°C). Whenever the subject is exposed to a stimulus, there is a thermal bodily response. All of the facial areas follow a common thermal pattern in response to the stimulus, with the exception of the nose. Thermography is a technique suitable for the stimulation practices in emotional skills, given that it is non-invasive, it is quantifiable, and easy to access.
关键词： thermography,educational innovation,nursing students,case study,emotions
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Using differential spread laser infrared thermography to detect delamination and impact damage in CFRP
摘要： In this paper, the feasibility of differential spread laser infrared thermography (DSLIT) to detect delamination and impact damage in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is investigated. The proposed method can significantly eliminate the influence of the uneven laser energy distribution and improve the detectability of laser infrared thermography. First, numerical simulation is carried out following the procedure of DSLIT to verify the feasibility of this method. Secondly, through experiments on the detection of defects both in practical aviation CFRP and common CFRP, the feasibility of DSLIT is confirmed. For the common CFRP, this technique has excellent performance: a defect at a depth of 2.5 mm was detected successfully, with the width-to-depth ratio reaches to 2.4. Comparatively speaking, the defect detection results for the aviation CFRP are not as good as those for the common CFRP. However, defects at a depth of 1.125 mm were detected, with the width-to-depth ratio reaching 2.67. In addition, defects caused by a low-velocity impact in practical aviation CFRP were successfully detected. Finally, the thermal data were processed by image processing methods such as sequence differential preprocessing (SDP), phase analysis (PA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to enhance the defect imaging results.
关键词： Laser infrared thermography,Delamination,Impact damage,Differential processing,Aviation CFRP
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Determination of Thermal Diffusivity of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite using Infrared Thermography
摘要： In recent years, there is a great demand for ecofriendly, light weight and cost effective composites. Basalt fiber is one such naturally available fiber which offers exceptional properties over glass fibers. In this study a Basalt fiber reinforced composites were fabricated by vacuum bagging technique. Thermal properties of these composites were determined using infrared thermography. In-depth and in-plane thermal diffusivity are determined by using pulse thermography and space resolve method respectively. The in-plane thermal diffusivity was determined in the transmission and reflection modes. In-depth thermal diffusivity is validated using a Light flash method.
关键词： Infrared thermography,Non-Destructive Testing,thermal diffusivity,Basalt fiber reinforced composites,space resolved method
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Review of Biomedical Applications of Contactless Imaging of Neonates Using Infrared Thermography and Beyond
摘要： The sick preterm infant monitoring is an intriguing job that medical staff in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) must deal with on a daily basis. As a standards monitoring procedure, preterm infants are monitored via sensors and electrodes that are ?rmly attached to their fragile and delicate skin and connected to processing monitors. However, an alternative exists in contactless imaging to record such physiological signals (we call it as Physio-Markers), detecting super?cial changes and internal structures activities which can be used independently of, or aligned with, conventional monitors. Countless advantages can be gained from unobtrusive monitoring not limited to: (1) quick data generation; (2) decreasing physical and direct contact with skin, which reduces skin breakdown and minimizes risk of infection; and (3) reduction of electrodes and probes connected to clinical monitors and attached to the skin, which allows greater body surface-area for better care. This review is an attempt to build a solid ground for and to provide a clear perspective of the potential clinical applications of technologies inside NICUs that use contactless imaging modalities such as Visible Light Imaging (VLI), Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), and Infrared Thermography (IRT).
关键词： infrared thermography,physio-features,short-wave infrared,optical coherence tomography,preterm infants,visible light,NICU,tissue optics,near-infrared,neonatal imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Remote Welfare Monitoring of Rodents Using Thermal Imaging
摘要： Animal research has always played a crucial role in various medical and scientific breakthroughs. They offer, inter alia, insights into diseases mechanisms, genetic predisposition to a disease, and drug therapy. However, the use of animals for medical research is a cause of major controversies and debates in modern science. To warrant high bioethical standards, new directives have been being adopted to replace animal research whenever possible, to reduce the number of animals, and to refine the procedures to minimize stress and pain. Here, we present two new approaches, based on thermal imaging (a remote and passive technology), to assess respiratory rate (RR) as well as exploratory behavior and general activity in rodents. In animal research, these parameters are gold standards for welfare assessment. The approaches were validated in a study conducted with both rats and mice. To test the feasibility of our algorithm to estimate RR, thermal videos from anesthetized rodents were acquired. The capability of the second approach to monitor activity was tested with videos of Open Field tests. Regarding RR, a high agreement between thermal imaging and gold standard (electrocardiography-derived RR) was achieved. The mean relative error averaged 0.50 ± 0.15 breaths/min and 4.55 ± 2.94 breaths/min for rats and mice, respectively. The second approach was capable of monitoring and tracking the activity of the rodents very well. This paper demonstrates that thermal imaging is a promising and relevant alternative for monitoring of RR and activity in rodents, thus contributing to the remote assessment of animal welfare.
关键词： vital signs,infrared thermography,respiratory rate,remote monitoring,locomotor activity,motion heat maps,thermal imaging,animal research
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Estimation of damage thickness in fibre-reinforced composites using pulsed thermography
摘要： Non-destructive-testing (NDT), including active thermography, has become an inevitable part of composite process and product verification, post-manufacturing. However, there is no reliable NDT technique available to ensure the interlaminar bond integrity during laminates integration, bonding or repair where the presence of thin airgaps in the interface of dissimilar polymer composite materials would be detrimental to structural integrity. This paper introduces a novel approach attempting to quantify the damage thickness of composites (the thickness of air gaps inside composites) through a single-side inspection of pulsed thermography. The potential of this method is demonstrated by testing on three specimens with different types of defect, where the Pearson Correlation Coefficients of the thickness estimation for block defects and flat-bottom holes are 0.75 and 0.85, respectively. This approach will considerably enhance the degradation assessment performance of active thermography by extending damage measurement from currently two dimensions to three dimensions, and become an enabling technology on quality assurance of structural integrity.
关键词： Active thermography,system identification,bonded repair,nonlinear correlation analysis,composite damage detection
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Fatigue limit estimation using IR camera
摘要： Determination of fatigue limit by traditional method is associated with testing of large number of specimens. This is caused by more scatter in test results and therefore a higher amount of tests are needed to generate a statistically reliable trend. The paper presents rapid and reliable estimation of fatigue limit using infrared thermography. By analysing the temperature of the material surface during cyclic loading it is possible to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of a structure and determine the fatigue limit. The method provides reliable results using a very little number of specimens in a very short time compared with traditional method.
关键词： thermography,W?hler diagram,infrared camera,Fatigue limit
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01